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9781588340931

Anthropology Explored, Second Edition

by
  • ISBN13:

    9781588340931

  • ISBN10:

    1588340937

  • Edition: 2nd
  • Format: Trade Paper
  • Copyright: 2004-04-17
  • Publisher: Smithsonian Books
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Supplemental Materials

What is included with this book?

Summary

This new edition offers a variety of clearly written and readily accessible articles from the Smithsonianrs"s highly acclaimed, award-winning publicationAnthroNotes. Some of the world's leading anthropologists explore fundamental questions humans ask about themselves as individuals, as societies, and as a species. The articles reveal the richness and breadth of anthropology, covering not only the fundamental subjects but also the changing perspectives of anthropologists over the 150-year history of their field. Illustrated with original cartoons by anthropoligst Robert L. Humphrey,Anthropology Exploredopens up to lay readers, teachers, and students a discipline as varied and fascinating as the cultures it observes.

Author Biography

Ruth Osterweis Selig is the executive officer for programs for the Smithsonian's office of the provost and has been the editor of AnthroNotes since its inception. Marilyn R. London is the forensic anthropology consultant for Rhode Island's State Office of Medical Examiners and a research collaborator in the Smithsonian's department of anthropology. P. Ann Kaupp is managing editor of AnthroNotes. Robert L. Humphrey is a professor of anthropology at George Washington University and has been the illustrator of AnthroNotes for twenty years.

Table of Contents

FOREWORD xiii
David W. McCurdy
PREFACE xv
Ruth Osterweis Selig
THE ART OF ANTHROPOLOGY: A Note from the Artist xix
Robert L. Humphrey
INTRODUCTION: Human Origins, Diversity, and Cultures 1(16)
Ruth Osterweis Selig
INVESTIGATING OUR ORIGINS AND VARIATION
1 "APE-ING" LANGUAGE: COMMUNICATING WITH OUR CLOSEST RELATIVES
17(13)
Kathleen D. Gordon
Teaching chimpanzees to communicate may shed light on the evolution of human language
2 ARE HUMANS INHERENTLY VIOLENT?
30(16)
Robert W. Sussman
Assessing the role that learning and aggression play in chimpanzee and human society
3 ONE MAN'S SEARCH FOR HUMAN ORIGINS
46(18)
Ruth Osterweis Selig and Rick Potts
A pioneering approach to and theory of human evolution, with an update by Rick Potts
4 NEW RESEARCH IN EARLY HUMAN ORIGINS 7 TO 1 MILLION YEARS AGO
64(15)
Alison S. Brooks and Rick Potts
New evidence of variety, adaptability, and sophistication among our earliest ancestors
5 THE EMERGENCE OF MODERN HUMANS
79(13)
Alison S. Brooks
DNA and other studies help answer where, when, and why modern humans first appeared
6 THE REAL FLINTSTONES: ARTISTS' DEPICTIONS OF HUMAN ANCESTORS
92(9)
Diane Gifford-Gonzalez
The accuracy of artistic renderings of prehistoric human life
7 STORIES BONES TELL
101(14)
Kathleen D. Gordon
Case studies of victim identification, diet, and human migrations reflect use of new technologies
8 DISEASE IN HUMAN EVOLUTION
115(11)
George J. Armelagos, Kathleen C. Barnes, and James Lin
The resistance of many infections to antibiotics today is seen as the latest major health crisis in human history
9 THE MOCHE: AN ANCIENT PERUVIAN PEOPLE
126(11)
John W. Verano
New evidence of ritual human sacrifice among the Moche of Peru, 1,200 years before the Inca
10 AMERICA'S MIAs: FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY IN ACTION
137(8)
Robert W. Mann and Thomas D. Holland
Recovering and repatriating American service members (POWs/MIAs) lost in past wars
11 A NEW WAY TO LOOK AT RACE
145(10)
Boyce Rensberger
People are the same in all essentials but highly diverse in a few things
12 RACE AND ETHNICITY
155(16)
Alison S. Brooks, Fatimah L.C. Jackson, and Roy Richard Grinker
Decoding the human genome impacts studies of variation; ethnicity helps define identity in the United States
EXAMINING OUR ARCHAEOLOGICAL PAST
13 AGRICULTURAL ORIGINS IN THE ANCIENT WORLD
171(13)
Melinda A. Zeder
Solving the mysteries of agricultural origins and impact in the ancient world
14 PROGRESS? THE FACTS OF ANCIENT LIFE
184(10)
Mark N. Cohen
The view that ancient human nutrition declined and disease increased creates debate
15 ETHNOARCHAEOLOGY AMONG THE EFE: AFRICAN HUNTER-GATHERERS
194(12)
John W. Fisher Jr.
A traditional people help archaeologists interpret ancient sites and understand globalization's impact
16 THE VIKINGS: OLD VIEWS AND NEW FINDINGS
206(13)
William W. Fitzhugh
New archaeological evidence challenges old stereotypes and misconceptions
17 WHO GOT TO AMERICA FIRST? FACT AND FICTION
219(9)
Stephen Williams
Controversial evidence and lack of evidence for early contacts with the Americas
18 RESEARCHING THE FIRST AMERICANS: ONE ARCHAEOLOGIST'S JOURNEY
228(12)
Ruth Osterweis Selig and Dennis J. Stanford
Searching for the first Americans, with an update by Dennis Stanford on possible Atlantic crossings
19 THE FIRST SOUTH AMERICANS: ARCHAEOLOGY AT MONTE VERDE
240(8)
Tom D. Dillehay
Humans living in Chile as early as 12,500 years ago, as documented at the Monte Verde site
20 WHO WERE THE ANCIENT MAYA?
248(10)
Jeremy A. Sabloff
New research changes traditional views of Maya history and accomplishments
21 ORIGINS OF AGRICULTURE IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA
258(15)
Ruth Osterweis Selig and Bruce D. Smith
Discovering a new independent center of agricultural origins, with an update by the researcher profiled
22 EAST MEETS WEST: NEW VIEW OF ARCTIC PEOPLES
273(13)
William W. Fitzhugh
Eskimo cultures through time, with new insights into global warming and the environment
23 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF AFRICAN AMERICAN LIFE
286(13)
Theresa A. Singleton
New research directions and theoretical frameworks by a leading specialist in an increasingly important field
EXPLORING OUR MANY CULTURES
24 CULTURAL RELATIVISM AND UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS
299(13)
Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban
Anthropology's core belief in cultural relativism challenged by concerns with human rights
25 ANDEAN WOMEN: UNITED WE SIT
312(10)
Catherine J. Allen
Traditional Peruvian community proves invisibility does not always mean lack of power
26 IDENTITY IN COLONIAL NORTHERN MEXICO
322(13)
William L. Merrill
The role language can play in retaining identity, in a case study from northern Mexico
27 WHOSE PAST IS IT ANYWAY? PLAINS INDIAN HISTORY
335(12)
Loretta Fowler
Understanding culture change in three related Plains Indian tribes in Wyoming, Montana, and Oklahoma
28 NATIVE AMERICANS AND SMITHSONIAN RESEARCH
347(8)
JoAllyn Archambault and William C. Sturtevant
Preserving North American Indian cultures, languages, and history
29 THE SILK ROAD: A GLOBAL CULTURAL ECONOMY
355(14)
Richard Kurin
Cultural traditions flourish along the Silk Road, an ancient complex of trade routes
30 REFUGEES: WORLDWIDE DISPLACEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE
369(16)
Stephen C. Lubkemann
One of the international community's most pressing moral and ethical dilemmas
31 LINGUISTIC SURVIVAL AMONG THE MAYA
385(6)
Robert M. Laughlin
The inspiring story of bringing literacy to the descendants of the Maya in Chiapas, Mexico
32 FROM TATTOO TO PIERCING: BODY ART AS VISUAL LANGUAGE
391(20)
Enid Schildkrout and Adrienne L. Kaeppler
Adorning the body, illustrated by various types of body art and a Pacific case study
33 MEDICINE, LAW, AND EDUCATION: APPLIED LINGUISTICS
411(11)
P. Ann Kaupp and Roger W. Shuy
Assisting doctors, lawyers, teachers, and the general public, with an update by applied linguist Roger Shuy
34 THE REPATRIATION MANDATE: A CLASH OF WORLD VIEWS
422(8)
Tamara L. Bray
Native Americans, physical anthropologists, and archaeologists view repatriation differently
35 MUSEUMS AND REPATRIATION: ONE CASE STUDY
430(7)
William T. Billeck
Repatriation issues and examples from the National Museum of Natural History
36 AGING: AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
437(14)
Alison S. Brooks and Patricia Draper
How different cultures treat aging and the aged reflects social values and customs
Contributors 451(8)
Index 459

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