Security and Environment in the Mediterranean : Conceptualising Security and Environmental Conflicts

by Brauch, Hans Gunter; Brauch, Hans Gunter; Liotta, P. H.; Marquina, Antonio; Rogers, Paul F.; Selim, Mohammad El-Sayed

• ISBN13: 9783540401070
• ISBN10: 3540401075
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-08-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

In this volume security specialists, peace researchers, environmental scholars, demographers as well as climate, desertification, water, food and urbanisation specialists from the Middle East and North Africa, Europe and North America review security and conflict prevention in the Mediterranean. They also analyse NATO's Mediterranean security dialogue and offer conceptualisations on security and perceptions of security challenges as seen in North and South. The latter half of the book analyses environmental security and conflicts in the Mediterranean and environmental consequences of World War II, the Gulf War, the Balkan wars and the Middle East conflict. It also examines factors of global environmental change: population growth, climate change, desertification, water scarcity, food and urbanisation issues as well as natural disasters. Furthermore, it draws conceptual conclusions for a fourth phase of research on human and environmental security and peace as well as policy conclusions for cooperation and partnership in the Mediterranean in the 21st century.

Table of Contents

Foreword
Dedication
Editorial for Hexagon Series
Acknowledgements
Permissions and Credits
Preface: Impact of the Year 2001 on Multilateral Approaches to Armed Violence	p. 3
Preface: Jordanian Perception of Security Challenges in the Mediterranean	p. 9
Preface: Risks of Conflict: Population and Resource Pressures	p. 13
Preface: The Fall of Paradigms and the Challenge of Cultures Dialogue	p. 19
Introduction: Security and Environment Linkages, Conflicts in the Mediterranean (1945-2001) and Conflict Prevention	p. 25
Introduction: Security and Environment in the Mediterranean	p. 27
Security and Environment Linkages on the Mediterranean Space: Three Phases of Research on Human and Environmental Security and Peace	p. 35
Conflicts in and among Mediterranean Countries (1945-2001)	p. 145
Prevention of Violent Conflicts: A New Task for Security Policy-Lessons Learned from Successes and Failures for the Mediterranean	p. 157
Security Dialogue and Concepts: NATO's Mediterranean Security Dialogue and Security Concept of the European Union	p. 175
NATO's Agenda and the Mediterranean Dialogue	p. 177
A Southern Perspective and Assessment of NATO's Mediterranean Security Dialogue	p. 181
A European Perspective and Assessment of NATO's Mediterranean Security Dialogue	p. 195
The Future of the NATO-Mediterranean Dialogue	p. 199
The Security Concept of the European Union for the Mediterranean	p. 203
Conceptualising Security in the Post-Cold War Period in the North	p. 235
Worldviews and Mind-sets: American vs. European Perspectives on Mediterranean (Environmental) Security Policy	p. 237
Globalisation, States, and Regionalisation: Analysing post-Cold War Security in the Mediterranean Region	p. 267
National, Societal and Human Security: Discussion - Case Study of the Israel-Palestine Conflict	p. 277
Economic and Financial Globalisation: Its Consequences for Security in the Early 21st Century	p. 289
Military and Environmental Security: Revisiting the Concepts in the Euro-Mediterranean	p. 301
From Cooperative Security to Security Partnership in the Mediterranean	p. 309
Conceptualising Security in the Post-Cold War Period in the South	p. 319
Conceptualisations of Security: A Perspective from the Maghreb	p. 321
Conceptualising Security by Arab Mashreq Countries	p. 333
Security Conceptualisation in Turkey	p. 345
Conceptualising Security in Israel	p. 357
Security Challenges in the Euro-Mediterranean Region	p. 367
Missile Defence Programmes and Debates in the United States - Threat Perception on the MENA Area: An Assessment and Proposal	p. 369
Is there a Missile Threat for Europe? Justifications for a European Missile Defence in Europe and in the Mediterranean	p. 411
Soft Security Challenges: Terrorism and Organised Crime - The Open Agenda	p. 429
Migration as an International and Domestic Security Issue	p. 441
Conceptualising Environmental Security for the Mediterranean Region	p. 453
Environmental Security: Conceptual Contestation and Empirical Relevance in the Mediterranean	p. 455
The Political Ecology of Violence: Lessons for the Mediterranean	p. 465
Environmental Conflict: Neomalthusians vs. Cornucopians	p. 477
Environmental Consequences of Wars in the Mediterranean (1940-2000)	p. 487
War Impacts on the Environment in the Mediterranean and Evolution and International Law	p. 489
Landmines from External Powers in World War II at El-Alamein in Egypt	p. 513
Environmental Dimension of the Gulf War of 1991	p. 523
Environmental Post-Conflict Assessments: A New UN Tool Developed by UNEP	p. 535
A Question of Priorities - Adverse Effects of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict on the Environment of the Region over the Last Decade	p. 563
Activities of the Multilateral Environmental Working Group in the Middle East Peace Process	p. 573
Population Growth and Climate Change in the Mediterranean	p. 591
The Population of the Mediterranean Region During 1950-2000	p. 593
Climate and Climate History of the Mediterranean Basin	p. 615
Impacts of Climate Changes and Sea Level Rise on the Mediterranean Coastal Zone	p. 631
Desertification in the Mediterranean and MENA Region	p. 643
Desertification: Global Degradation of Drylands	p. 645
Assessing Desertification in the Middle East and North Africa: Policy Implications	p. 655
Accelerated Desertification in the Deserts of Mauritania and China in the 20th Century	p. 677
Population and Land-use Changes: Impacts on Desertification in Southern Europe and in the Maghreb	p. 687
Water Scarcity in the Mediterranean and MENA Region	p. 703
Water Security in the Mediterranean and the Middle East	p. 705
Shared Groundwater Resource Management and Protection in the Mediterranean - A Joint Approach by United Nations Agencies	p. 719
Water Accords in the Middle East Peace Process: Moving towards Cooperation?	p. 729
The Euphrates Issue in Turkish-Syrian Relations	p. 745
The Nile Basin Initiative: a Catalyst for Cooperation	p. 761
Food and Urbanisation in the Mediterranean and MENA Region	p. 775
Population Growth and Food Security in the Countries of the Middle East and North Africa	p. 777
Mediterranean Countries and World Markets: Basic Foods and Mediterranean Products	p. 813
Implications of Declining Food Supplies: Food Security vs. Market Economy	p. 827
Increasing Urbanisation and Pollution in the MENA Region: Causes of Conflicts?	p. 843
Outcome of Environmental Stress: From Natural Disasters to Disaster Prevention	p. 861
Natural Disasters in the Mediterranean (1900-2001): From Disaster Response to Preparedness	p. 863
Towards International Cooperation in Managing Forest Fire Disasters in the Mediterranean Region	p. 907
Empirical and Theoretical Results and Conceptual Conclusions	p. 917
Towards a Fourth Phase of Research on Human and Environmental Security and Peace: Conceptual Conclusions	p. 919
Security Concepts for Cooperation in the Mediterranean: Conclusions and Outlook for the 21st Century	p. 955
Abbreviations	p. 991
Bibliography	p. 1001
Biographies of Contributors	p. 1091
Index	p. 1105
Collection STRADEMED	p. 1135
Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace (HESP)	p. 1136
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