Sexuality Education

by Bruess, Clint E.; Greenberg, Jerrold S.

• ISBN13: 9780763747596
• ISBN10: 0763747599
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-04-01
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett

Summary

Sexuality Education: Theory and Practice, Fourth Edition is designed to prepare future sexuality educators and administrators, as well as seasoned teachers about sexuality and also aims to clarify th

Author Biography

Clint E. Bruess: Birmingham-Southern College Jerrold S. Greenberg: University of Maryland

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
How to Use the Human Sexuality Web Site	xv
Part 1 Introduction to Sexuality Education	1	(66)
Sexuality, You, and the Learner	3	(12)
Traditional and Contemporary Concepts of Human Sexuality	3	(1)
The Complexity of Human Sexuality	4	(2)
Sexuality, Personal Well-Being, and Interpersonal Relationships	6	(1)
Sexuality and the Life Cycle	7	(1)
Human Development and Issues of Sexuality	8	(4)
Developmental Rates and Sequences	9	(1)
Masturbation	9	(1)
Homosexual Experimentation	10	(1)
Latency	11	(1)
Nocturnal Emissions and Orgasms	11	(1)
Nonmarital Versus Marital Lifestyle	11	(1)
Aging	12	(1)
Our Sexual Uniqueness	12	(1)
A Note about This Book	12	(3)
Summary	13	(1)
References	13	(1)
Suggested Readings	13	(2)
Foundations for Sexuality Education	15	(20)
Sexuality Education Goals and Objectives	15	(3)
A Multifaceted Definition of Sexuality Education	18	(1)
Traditional Reasons for Sexuality Education	19	(1)
Sound Reasons for Contemporary Sexuality Education Programs	20	(2)
Sexuality in History	22	(7)
Prehistoric Times	23	(1)
Eighth Century BCE--Fifth Century CE	23	(1)
Fifth Century--Fifteenth Century	24	(1)
Fifteenth Century--Sixteenth Century	24	(1)
Seventeenth Century--Eighteenth Century	24	(2)
Nineteenth Century	26	(1)
Twentieth-Century--Twenty-First-Century United States	27	(2)
History of Sexuality Education	29	(1)
Current Trends in Sexuality Education	30	(5)
Summary	32	(1)
References	33	(1)
Suggested Readings	34	(1)
The Controversy	35	(16)
Background and Tactics of Movements Against Sexuality Education	36	(3)
Background of Sexuality Education Opposition	36	(1)
Who Is the Opposition?	37	(1)
Typical Tactics of Sexuality Education Opponents	37	(2)
Characteristics and Stages of Extremist Attacks	39	(1)
Nonextremist Opponents of Sexuality Education	40	(1)
Countering Arguments Against Sexuality Education	40	(3)
Defense Against Extremist Attacks	43	(2)
Public Meetings	45	(1)
Logical Heads Prevail	45	(6)
Summary	47	(1)
References	48	(1)
Suggested Readings	48	(3)
Understanding Yourself	51	(16)
Sexuality Educators and Their Own Sexuality	51	(3)
Your Sexual Thoughts and Desires	51	(1)
Your Masculinity and Femininity	52	(1)
Your Body Image	52	(1)
Your Sexual Behavior	53	(1)
Your Sense of Humor	54	(1)
The Sexuality Educator's Interactions with Others	54	(1)
Interactions with Groups	54	(1)
Interactions with Individuals	54	(1)
Culture and the Sexuality Educator	55	(1)
The Sexuality Educator's Sexual Responsibility	55	(1)
Qualifications for the Sexuality Educator	56	(1)
Sexuality Education Certification	57	(1)
Everyone Is a Sexuality Educator	57	(6)
Summary	60	(1)
References	61	(1)
Suggested Readings	61	(2)
Cases for Part 1	63	(4)
Part 2 Biological, Psychological, and Sociological Aspects of Sexuality Education	67	(70)
A View from the Inside	69	(28)
Male and Female Reproductive Systems	69	(8)
Males	69	(1)
Females	70	(4)
Male Hormones	74	(1)
Female Hormones	75	(2)
Similarities and Differences Between Male and Female Sexual Responses	77	(2)
Similarities	77	(1)
Differences	78	(1)
Fertility Control	79	(11)
Contraception	79	(9)
Choosing a Contraceptive	88	(2)
Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Abortion	90	(7)
Pregnancy	90	(1)
Birth	91	(1)
Abortion	92	(1)
RU 486: A Method of Nonsurgical Abortion	93	(1)
Summary	94	(1)
References	94	(1)
Suggested Readings	95	(2)
The Cognitive and Psychological Side of Sexuality	97	(10)
Theories of Psychosexual Development	97	(2)
Freud	97	(1)
Erikson	98	(1)
Social Learning Theory	98	(1)
Self-Esteem and Sexual Maturity	99	(1)
Sexual Attitudes and Behavior	99	(1)
Sex-Role Stereotyping	100	(2)
Causes of Sex-Role Stereotyping	102	(1)
The Decision to Engage in Sexual Intercourse	102	(1)
Teenage Out-of-Wedlock Pregnancy	103	(1)
The Decision to Marry	103	(1)
The Decision to Have Children	104	(3)
Summary	104	(2)
References	106	(1)
Suggested Readings	106	(1)
Family Life and Interpersonal Relationships	107	(14)
Sexuality Education and Family-Life Education	107	(1)
Conflict Resolution	107	(2)
Communication	109	(2)
Clarify Nonverbal Communication	109	(1)
Plan Time to Talk	110	(1)
Listen	110	(1)
Begin with Agreement	110	(1)
Use ``And,'' Not ``But''	110	(1)
Use ``I'' Statements	110	(1)
Avoid ``Why'' Questions	110	(1)
Dating	111	(1)
Cohabitation	111	(2)
Marriage	113	(1)
The Evolving Family	113	(2)
Parenting	115	(2)
Single-Parent Families	117	(4)
Summary	118	(1)
References	118	(1)
Suggested Readings	119	(2)
The Sociological Side of Sexuality	121	(16)
People of All Ages, Types, and Conditions as Sexual Beings	122	(4)
Young People	122	(1)
Older People	122	(2)
People of Different Races	124	(1)
Physically Disabled People	125	(1)
Individuals with Cognitive Deficits	125	(1)
Ill People	125	(1)
Sexual Lifestyles	126	(3)
Marriage	126	(1)
Nonparenthood	127	(1)
Living Together	127	(1)
Clusters, Groups, and Communes	128	(1)
Contract Marriages	128	(1)
Sexuality and Legality	129	(6)
Legal Regulation of Sexual Behavior	129	(1)
Legality and Access to Treatment and Services	130	(2)
The Law and Sexual Discrimination	132	(1)
Legality, the Internet, and Information about Sexuality	132	(1)
Legality and Education about Sexuality and HIV/AIDS	132	(1)
Summary	133	(1)
References	134	(1)
Suggested Readings	134	(1)
Cases for Part 2	135	(2)
Part 3 Sexual Decision Making	137	(30)
Sexual Morality and Decision Making	139	(10)
Morals, Ethics, and Values	139	(2)
Value Systems and Human Potential	141	(1)
Relation of Sexual Topics to Morals, Ethics, and Values	142	(1)
Contemporary Religions and Sexuality	143	(1)
Sexual Decisions	144	(1)
Improving the Decision-Making Process	144	(2)
The Decision-Making Process and Sexuality	146	(3)
Summary	147	(1)
References	147	(1)
Suggested Readings	147	(2)
Alternative Sexual Behaviors	149	(18)
Individual Preferences and Sexual Behavior	150	(3)
Masturbation	150	(1)
Oral--Genital Contact	150	(1)
Homosexual Behavior	150	(3)
Heterosexual Behavior	153	(1)
Premarital Heterosexual Behavior	153	(1)
Are You Ready for Sex?	153	(1)
Marital Heterosexual Behavior	154	(1)
The Social Significance of Sexual Behaviors	154	(1)
Prostitution	154	(1)
Pornography	155	(1)
Other Sexual Alternatives	155	(2)
Forcible Sexual Behavior	157	(8)
The Incidence of Rape	158	(2)
Date Rape	160	(1)
Ways to Help Prevent Acquaintance Rape	160	(1)
Date Rape Drugs	160	(1)
Sexual Harassment	161	(1)
Summary	162	(1)
References	163	(1)
Suggested Readings	164	(1)
Cases for Part 3	165	(2)
Part 4 Conducting Sexuality Education	167	(86)
Education for Sexuality: Rules of Conduct	169	(14)
Ground Rules	169	(4)
Communication Skills	173	(3)
Listening Skills	173	(1)
Nonverbal Communication	174	(1)
The Sexuality Educator as a Communicator	175	(1)
Building Trust	175	(1)
Language Usage	176	(4)
Learners' Needs, Interests, and Characteristics	180	(1)
Involving Learners in the Learning Process	181	(2)
Summary	181	(1)
References	182	(1)
Suggested Readings	182	(1)
Learning Strategies for Sexuality Education	183	(14)
Learning Objectives	183	(2)
Unit Plans and Lesson Plans	185	(3)
Instructional Strategies	188	(9)
Case Studies	188	(1)
Critical Incidents	188	(1)
Brainstorming	188	(1)
Role-Playing	189	(1)
Buzz Groups	190	(1)
Gaming	191	(1)
Fishbowls	192	(1)
Sentence Completions	192	(1)
Values Clarification	192	(1)
Resource Speakers	193	(1)
Refusal Skills and Assertiveness Training	194	(1)
Instructional Media	195	(1)
Learner-Centered Activities	195	(1)
Summary	195	(1)
References	196	(1)
Suggested Readings	196	(1)
Strategies for Learning and Teaching about HIV/AIDS	197	(32)
Why a Separate Chapter on HIV/AIDS?	198	(1)
HIV/AIDS in the United States	198	(2)
HIV/AIDS and Minority Populations	200	(1)
HIV and Death	200	(1)
Prevention of HIV Infection	200	(2)
Special Considerations When Dealing with HIV/AIDS Education	202	(1)
HIV/AIDS Education	203	(3)
School HIV/AIDS Education	206	(1)
Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage	206	(1)
Comprehensive Sexuality Education	206	(1)
Special HIV/AIDS Educational Considerations at Different Levels and Populations	207	(5)
Working with Different Levels and Populations	207	(1)
HIV/AIDS Education at Different Levels	207	(1)
Early Elementary School	207	(1)
Late Elementary School	207	(1)
Junior and Senior High School	208	(1)
HIV/AIDS Education in Different Settings	208	(1)
Religious Settings	208	(3)
Settings for Individuals with Developmental, Learning, or Mental Disabilities	211	(1)
Settings for Individuals with Sensory or Physical Disabilities	211	(1)
Teaching Suggestions	212	(1)
Program Assessment	212	(10)
HIV/AIDS Instructional Strategies	222	(3)
HIV Case Study	222	(1)
HIV Critical Incident	223	(1)
Scales and Questionnaires	223	(2)
HIV Sentence Completions	225	(1)
Role-Playing	225	(4)
Resistance Skill Training	225	(1)
Assuming Responsibility	226	(1)
Summary	226	(1)
References	226	(1)
Suggested Readings	227	(2)
What Should Be Taught at Different Levels and in Different Settings	229	(12)
Developmental Characteristics of Learners	229	(2)
Preschool	230	(1)
Early Elementary	230	(1)
Upper Elementary	230	(1)
Lower Secondary	230	(1)
Upper Secondary	230	(1)
Typical Questions Asked by School-Aged Learners	231	(1)
Sexuality Education for Preschool and School-Aged Learners	232	(3)
Preschool	232	(1)
Early Elementary Grades	233	(1)
Upper Elementary Grades	233	(1)
Lower Secondary Grades	234	(1)
Upper Secondary Grades	234	(1)
Sexuality Education for College-Aged and Adult Learners	235	(2)
Sexuality Education for Older Adults	237	(1)
Sexuality Education for Special Groups	238	(1)
Coronary Patients	238	(1)
Culturally Varied Groups	238	(1)
A Word of Caution	238	(3)
Summary	238	(1)
References	239	(1)
Suggested Readings	239	(2)
The Educator and Sexual Counseling	241	(12)
Sexuality Education and Sexual Counseling	241	(1)
The Domain of the Sexual Counselor	242	(3)
Male Dysfunctions	243	(1)
Female Dysfunctions	244	(1)
Treatment	245	(1)
Other Problems	245	(1)
The Sexual Educator and Quasi-Counseling	245	(2)
Referring Learners Who Need Sexual Counseling	247	(6)
Summary	248	(1)
References	249	(1)
Suggested Readings	249	(2)
Cases for Part 4	251	(2)
Part 5 Program Implementation and Evaluation	253	(40)
Implementing a Sexuality Education Program	255	(14)
Achieving Support for a Sexuality Education Program	255	(3)
Strategies for Change	258	(2)
Group Dynamics and Sexuality Education Program Endeavors	260	(2)
Group Members Play Many Roles	260	(1)
Resolving Conflict	261	(1)
Handling Concerns about Sexuality Education Programs	262	(7)
Summary	266	(1)
References	267	(1)
Suggested Readings	267	(2)
Evaluation of Sexuality Education	269	(10)
Evaluation and the Continued Improvement of the Sexuality Education Program	269	(2)
Applying Evaluation to the Educational Process, the Learners, and the Sexuality Educator	271	(2)
Educational Process	271	(1)
Learners	272	(1)
Sexuality Educator	273	(1)
The Importance of Well-Stated Objectives	273	(1)
Evaluation Can Be a Trap	274	(5)
Cost-Benefit/Cost-Effectiveness	275	(1)
Summary	276	(1)
References	277	(1)
Suggested Readings	277	(2)
Effectiveness of Sexuality Education and the Sexuality Educator	279	(14)
The Difficulty of Sexuality Education Research	279	(3)
Learners	280	(1)
Learning Environment	280	(1)
Educational Strategy	280	(1)
Sexuality Educators	280	(1)
Content	280	(1)
Evaluation	280	(1)
Permission to Conduct Research	281	(1)
Encouraging Findings in Sexuality Education Research	282	(4)
Feeling Unsure: An Encouraging Sign	286	(7)
Summary	287	(1)
References	288	(1)
Suggested Readings	289	(2)
Cases for Part 5	291	(2)
Appendix A The National Coalition to Support Sexuality Education	293	(4)
Appendix B State Policies in Brief	297	(4)
Appendix C Teaching Strategies for Sexuality Education	301	(4)
Glossary	305	(4)
Index	309	(8)
Photo Credits	317