Smart Sensor Systems

by Meijer, Gerard

• ISBN13: 9780470866917
• ISBN10: 0470866918
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-10-20
• Publisher: Wiley-Interscience

Summary

Information processing systems need sensors to acquire the physical, mechanical and chemical information to be able to function. For extended use of sensors in industrial production tools and consumer components, such as smart cars and smart homes, the reliability of the sensors should be improved and the cost dramatically reduced. The improvement of reliability, together with a reduction of cost, can only be achieved with smart sensor systems.These systems combine the functions of sensors and interfaces, including sensors, signal conditioning A-D (analog to digital) conversion, and bus interfacing. Also, applications at a higher hierarchical level are included, such as self-testing, auto-calibration, data evaluation and identification. Developments into the integration of sensors with electronic circuitry to produce smart sensors and smart sensor systems are increasing as research in this field continues to expand.Written by an internationally-recognized team of experts, this book reviews recent developments in the field of smart sensor systems, providing complete coverage of all important system aspects. It takes a multidisciplinary approach to the understanding, design and use of smart sensor systems, their building blocks and methods of signal processing. This book also contains: a review of powerful measurement techniques, and basic principles and typical problems of sensor elements, smart analog interfaces and A-D converters; a discussion about how to use microcontrollers and DSPs (digital signal processors) for sensor applications; detailed up-to-date reviews of the features of optical, integrated hall magnetic, capacitive, thermal sensors, and temperature sensors and physical chemosensors; numerous case studies and problems set at the end of each chapter to test and develop your knowledge on the theory. Solutions for all can be found on the accompanying website.Smart Sensor Systems will greatly benefit final year undergraduate and postgraduate students and professors in the areas of electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering, and physics. Professional engineers and researchers in the microelectronics industry, including microsystem developers, will also find this a thorough and useful volume.

Author Biography

Professor Gerard C. M Meijer, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.

Table of Contents

Preface

About the Authors

Smart sensor systems Why? Where? How?

Third industrial revolution

Definitions for several kinds of sensors

Automated production machines

Automated consumer products

Conclusion

References

Interface electronics and measurement techniques for smart sensor systems

Introduction

Object-oriented design of sensor systems

Sensing elements and their parasitic effects

Analog-to-digital conversion

High accuracy over a wide dynamic range

A universal transducer interface

Summary and future trends

Problems

References

Silicon sensors: an introduction

Introduction

Measurement and Control systems

Transducers

Transducer technologies

Examples of silicon sensors

Summary and future trends

References

Optical sensors based on photon detection

Introduction

Photon absorption in silicon

The interface: photon transmission into silicon

Photon detection in silicon photoconductors

Photon detection in silicon pn junctions

Detection limit

Photon detectors with gain

Application examples

Summary and future trends

Problems

References

Physical chemosensors

Introduction

Physical chemosensing

Energy domains

Examples and applications

Examples of in-situ applications

Microfluidic devices

Conclusions

Problems

References

Thermal sensors

The functional principle of thermal sensors

Heat-transfer mechanisms

Thermal structures

Temperature-difference-sensing elements

Sensors based on thermal measurements

Summary and future trends

Problems

References

Smart temperature sensors

Introduction

Application-related requirements and problems of temperature sensors

Resistive temperature-sensing elements

Temperature-sensor features of transistors

Smart temperature sensors and systems

Case studies of smart-sensor applications

Summary and future trends

Problems

References

Capacitive sensors

Introduction

Basics of capacitive sensors

Examples of capacitive sensors

The design of electrode configurations

Reduction of field-bending effects: segmentation

Selectivity for electrical signals and electrical parameters

Summary and future trends

Problems

References

Integrated Hall Magnetic Sensors

Introduction

Hall effect and Hall elements

Integrated Hall sensor systems

Examples of integrated Hall magnetic sensors

Problems

References

Universal asynchronous sensor interfaces

Introduction

Universal sensor systems

Asynchronous converters

Dealing with problems of low-cost design of universal interface ICs

Front-end circuits

Case study

Summary and future trends

Problems

References

Data Acquisition for Frequency-Time-Domain Sensors

Introduction

DAQ boards: State-of-the-Art

DAQ board design for quasi-digital sensors

Universal Frequency-to-digital converters (UFDC

Applications and examples

Summary and future trends

Problems

References

Microcontrollers and digital Signal Processors for Smart Sensor Systems

Introduction

MCU and DSP architecture, organization, structure and peripherals

Choosing a low-power MCU or DSP

Timer modules

Analog comparators, ADCs, and DACs as modules of microcontrollers

Embedded networks and LCD interfacing

Development tools and support

Conclusions

Reference sites

Appendix A Material Data

Appendix B Conversion for Non-SI units

Index

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