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9780205496587

Sociology : A down-to-Earth Approach, Core Concepts

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780205496587

  • ISBN10:

    020549658X

  • Edition: 2nd
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2007-01-01
  • Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
  • View Upgraded Edition

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Summary

Adapted from Henslins best-selling comprehensive hardback text, Core Concepts provides in-depth coverage of ten high-priority topics that are the foundation of many introductory sociology courses. This unique paperback offers a concise and economical format without sacrificing depth of coverage. Unlike a brief or essentials text, the ten chapters that make up Core Concepts are not edited down from a longer book. Instead, they provide full coverage of those topics that instructors emphasize the most in a one-semester or one-term introductory sociology course. And like Henslins other texts, it features the author's familiar down-to-earth approach and personal writing style that highlight the sociology of everyday life. With wit, personal reflection, and illuminating examples, Henslin shares with readers a passion for sociology unmatched by any other introductory text.

Table of Contents

To the Student from the Author xxi
To the Instructor from the Author xxii
The Sociological Perspective
1(33)
The Sociological Perspective
2(1)
Seeing the Broader Social Context
2(1)
Origins of Sociology
3(3)
Tradition Versus Science
3(1)
Auguste Comte and Positivism
4(1)
Herbert Spencer and Social Darwinism
4(1)
Karl Marx and Class Conflict
4(1)
Emile Durkheim and Social Integration
5(1)
Max Weber and the Protestant Ethic
5(1)
Sexism in Early Sociology
6(1)
Attitudes of the Time
6(1)
Harriet Martineau and Early Social Research
6(1)
Sociology in North America
6(4)
Early History: The Tension Between Social Reform and Sociological Analysis
6(1)
Jane Addams and Social Reform
7(1)
W. E. B. Du Bois and Race Relations
7(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Early Sociology in North America: Du Bois and Race Relations
8(1)
Talcott Parsons and C. Wright Mills: Theory Versus Reform
9(1)
The Continuing Tension and the Rise of Applied Sociology
9(1)
Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
10(8)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Careers in Sociology: What Applied Sociologists Do
11(1)
Symbolic Interactionism
11(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Capturing Saddam Hussein: A Surprising Example of Applied Sociology
12(2)
Functional Analysis
14(1)
Conflict Theory
15(2)
Levels of Analysis: Macro and Micro
17(1)
Putting the Theoretical Perspectives Together
17(1)
How Theory and Research Work Together
18(1)
Doing Sociological Research
18(3)
A Research Model
18(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Enjoying A Sociology Quiz---Sociological Findings Versus Common Sense
19(2)
Research Methods
21(7)
Surveys
21(3)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Loading the Dice: How Not to Do Research
24(1)
Participant Observation (Fieldwork)
25(1)
Secondary Analysis
25(1)
Documents
26(1)
Experiments
26(1)
Unobtrusive Measures
27(1)
Gender in Sociological Research
27(1)
Ethics in Sociological Research
28(2)
Protecting the Subjects: The Brajuha Research
28(1)
Misleading the Subjects: The Humphreys Research
28(1)
Values in Sociological Research
29(1)
Trends Shaping the Future of Sociology
30(2)
Sociology Full Circle: Reform Versus Research
30(1)
Globalization
30(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: Studying Job Discrimination: Another Surprising Example of Applied Sociology
31(1)
Applications of Globalization to This Text
31(1)
Summary and Review
32(2)
Culture
34(28)
What Is Culture?
36(3)
Culture and Taken-for-Granted Orientations to Life
37(1)
Practicing Cultural Relativism
38(1)
Cultural Diversity around the World: You Are What You Eat?: An Exploration in Cultural Relativity
39(1)
Components of Symbolic Culture
39(9)
Gestures
40(2)
Language
42(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Emoticons: ``Written Gestures'' for Expressing Yourself Online
43(2)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: Miami--Language in a Changing City
45(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: Race and Language: Searching for Self-Labels
46(1)
Values, Norms, and Sanctions
46(1)
Folkways and Mores
47(1)
Many Cultural Worlds
48(1)
Subcultures
48(1)
Countercultures
49(1)
Values in U.S. Society
49(7)
An Overview of U.S. Values
49(1)
Looking at Subcultures
50(3)
Mass Media in Social Life: Why Do Native Americans Like Westerns?
53(1)
Value Clusters
53(1)
Value Contradictions and Social Change
54(1)
Emerging Values
54(1)
Culture Wars: When Values Clash
55(1)
Values as Blinders
55(1)
``Ideal'' Versus ``Real'' Culture
56(1)
Cultural Universals
56(1)
Thinking Critically: Are We Prisoners of Our Genes? Sociobiology and Human Behavior
56(1)
Technology in the Global Village
57(3)
The New Technology
57(1)
Cultural Lag and Cultural Change
58(1)
Technology and Cultural Leveling
58(2)
Summary and Review
60(2)
Socialization
62(32)
What Is Human Nature?
64(4)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Heredity or Environment? The Case of Oskar and Jack, Identical Twins
64(1)
Feral Children
65(1)
Isolated Children
65(1)
Institutionalized Children
65(2)
Deprived Animals
67(1)
Socialization into the Self and Mind
68(4)
Cooley and the Looking-Glass Self
68(1)
Mead and Role Taking
68(2)
Piaget and the Development of Reasoning
70(1)
Global Aspects of the Self and Reasoning
71(1)
Cultural Diversity around the World: Do You See What I See?: Eastern and Western Ways of Perceiving and Thinking
71(1)
Learning Personality, Morality, and Emotions
72(3)
Freud and the Development of Personality
72(1)
Kohlberg, Gilligan, and the Development of Morality
72(1)
Socialization into Emotions
73(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Signs of the Times: Are We Becoming Ik?
74(1)
Society Within Us: The Self and Emotions as Social Control
75(1)
Socialization into Gender
75(3)
Gender Messages in the Family
75(1)
Gender Messages from Peers
76(1)
Gender Messages in the Mass Media
77(1)
Agents of Socialization
78(7)
The Family
78(1)
Mass Media in Social Life: From Xena, Warrior Princess, to Lara Croft, Tomb Raider: Changing Images of Women in the Mass Media
79(1)
The Neighborhood
80(1)
Religion
81(1)
Day Care
81(1)
The School
81(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: Caught Between Two Worlds
82(1)
Peer Groups
83(1)
Sports and Competitive Success
84(1)
The Workplace
84(1)
Resocialization
85(1)
Total Institutions
85(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Boot Camp as a Total Institution
86(1)
Socialization Through the Life Course
86(5)
Childhood
87(1)
Adolescence
88(1)
Transitional Adulthood
88(1)
The Middle Years
89(1)
The Older Years
90(1)
The Sociological Significance of the Life Course
90(1)
Are We Prisoners of Socialization?
91(1)
Summary and Review
92(2)
Social Structure and Social Interaction
94(30)
Levels of Sociological Analysis
96(1)
Macrosociology and Microsociology
96(1)
The Macrosociological Perspective: Social Structure
97(4)
The Sociological Significance of Social Structure
97(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: College Football as Social Structure
98(1)
Culture
99(1)
Social Class
99(1)
Social Status
99(1)
Roles
100(1)
Groups
101(1)
Social Institutions
101(5)
The Sociological Significance of Social Institutions
102(1)
An Example: The Mass Media as an Emerging Social Institution
103(1)
Comparing Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives
103(1)
Changes in Social Structure
104(1)
What Holds Society Together?
105(1)
The Microsociological Perspective: Social Interaction in Everyday Life
106(13)
Symbolic Interaction
106(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: The Amish: Gemeinschaft Community in a Gesellschaft Society
107(2)
Down to Earth Sociology: Beauty May Be Only Skin Deep, But Its Effects Go On Forever: Stereotypes in Everyday Life
109(1)
Dramaturgy: The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
110(4)
Mass Media in Social Life: You Can't Be Thin Enough: Body Images and the Mass Media
114(1)
Ethnomethodology: Uncovering Background Assumptions
114(3)
The Social Construction of Reality
117(2)
The Need for Both Macrosociology and Microsociology
119(3)
Summary and Review
122(2)
Societies to Social Networks
124(28)
Societies and Their Transformation
126(5)
Hunting and Gathering Societies
126(2)
Pastoral and Horticultural Societies
128(1)
Agricultural Societies
128(1)
Industrial Societies
129(1)
Postindustrial (Information) Societies
130(1)
Biotech Societies: Is a New Type of Society Emerging?
130(1)
Groups Within Society
131(10)
Sociology and the New Technology: ``So, You Want to Be Yourself?'' Cloning in the Coming Biotech Society
134(1)
Primary Groups
134(2)
Secondary Groups
136(1)
In-Groups and Out-Groups
136(1)
Reference Groups
137(1)
Social Networks
138(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Facebooking: The Lazy (But Efficient) Way to Meet Friends
139(1)
A New Group: Electronic Communities
140(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: How Our Own Social Networks Perpetuate Social Inequality
141(1)
Group Dynamics
141(9)
Effects of Group Size on Stability and Intimacy
142(1)
Effects of Group Size on Attitudes and Behavior
143(1)
Leadership
144(2)
The Power of Peer Pressure: The Asch Experiment
146(1)
The Power of Authority: The Milgram Experiment
147(1)
Thinking Critically: If Hitler Asked You to Execute a Stranger, Would You? The Milgram Experiment
147(1)
Global Consequences of Group Dynamics: Groupthink
148(2)
Summary and Review
150(2)
Deviance and Social Control
152(32)
What Is Deviance?
154(5)
How Norms Make Social Life Possible
154(1)
Cultural Diversity around the World: Human Sexuality in Cross-Cultural Perspective
155(1)
Sanctions
156(1)
Shaming and Degradation Ceremonies
156(1)
Thinking Critically: Is It Rape, Or Is It Marriage? A Study in Culture Clash
157(1)
Competing Explanations of Deviance: Sociology, Sociobiology, and Psychology
158(1)
The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
159(5)
Differential Association Theory
159(1)
Control Theory
160(1)
Labeling Theory
161(3)
The Functionalist Perspective
164(6)
Can Deviance Really Be Functional for Society?
164(1)
Strain Theory: How Social Values Produce Deviance
164(1)
Mass Media in Social Life: Pornography on the Internet: Freedom Versus Censorship
165(2)
Illegitimate Opportunity Structures: Social Class and Crime
167(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Islands in the Street: Urban Gangs in the United States
168(2)
The Conflict Perspective
170(2)
Class, Crime, and the Criminal Justice System
170(1)
Power and Inequality
171(1)
The Law as an Instrument of Oppression
171(1)
Reactions to Deviance
172(10)
Street Crime and Prisons
172(1)
Thinking Critically: ``Three Strikes and You're Out!'' Unintended Consequences of Well-Intended Laws
173(1)
The Decline in Crime
174(1)
Recidivism
174(1)
The Death Penalty and Bias
175(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Killer Next Door: Serial Murderers in Our Midst
176(1)
Legal Change
177(1)
Thinking Critically: Changing Views: Making Hate a Crime
178(1)
The Trouble with Official Statistics
179(1)
The Medicalization of Deviance: Mental Illness
179(2)
The Need for a More Humane Approach
181(1)
Summary and Review
182(2)
Social Stratification
184(40)
An Overview of Social Stratification
186(4)
Slavery
186(2)
Mass Media in Social Life: What Price Freedom? Slavery Today
188(1)
Caste
189(1)
Social Class
190(1)
Global Stratification and the Status of Females
190(1)
Global Stratification: Three Worlds
190(4)
The Most Industrialized Nations
191(1)
The Industrializing Nations
191(1)
Thinking Critically: Open Season: Children As Prey
191(3)
The Least Industrialized, Nations
194(1)
How Did the World's Nations Become Stratified?
194(5)
Colonialism
194(1)
World System Theory
195(3)
Thinking Critically: When Globalization Comes Home: Maquiladoras South of the Border
198(1)
Culture of Poverty
198(1)
Evaluating the Theories
199(1)
Why Is Social Stratification Universal?
199(2)
The Functionalist View: Motivating Qualified People
199(1)
The Conflict Perspective: Class Conflict and Scarce Resources
200(1)
What Determines Social Class?
201(2)
Karl Marx: The Means of Production
202(1)
Max Weber: Property, Prestige, and Power
202(1)
Social Class in the United States
203(6)
Property
203(3)
Prestige
206(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: How the Super-Rich Live
207(1)
Power
207(1)
Status Inconsistency
208(1)
A Social Class Model
209(5)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Big Win: Life After the Lottery
210(1)
The Capitalist Class
211(1)
The Upper Middle Class
212(1)
The Lower Middle Class
213(1)
The Working Class
213(1)
The Working Poor
213(1)
The Underclass
213(1)
Consequences of Social Class
214(2)
Family Life
214(1)
Education
214(1)
Religion
214(1)
Politics
215(1)
Physical Health
215(1)
Mental Health
215(1)
Thinking Critically: Mental Illness and Inequality in Health Care
216(1)
Social Mobility
216(2)
Three Types of Social Mobility
216(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: Social Class and the Upward Mobility of African Americans
217(1)
Women in Studies of Social Mobility
218(1)
Poverty
218(4)
Drawing the Poverty Line
219(1)
Children of Poverty
219(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Exploring Myths About the Poor
220(1)
Thinking Critically: The Nation's Shame: Children in Poverty
221(1)
Where Is Horatio Alger? The Social Functions of a Myth
221(1)
Summary and Review
222(2)
Sex and Gender
224(34)
Issues of Sex and Gender
226(5)
Gender Differences in Behavior: Biology or Culture?
226(2)
Thinking Critically: Biology Versus Culture---Culture Is the Answer
228(1)
Thinking Critically: Biology Versus Culture---Biology Is the Answer
228(1)
The Dominant Position in Sociology
229(1)
Opening the Door to Biology
229(2)
Gender Inequality in Global Perspective
231(7)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Gender Gap in Math and Science: A National Debate
232(1)
How Females Became a Minority Group
232(1)
Cultural Diversity Around the World: ``Pssst. You Wanna Buy a Bride?'' China in Transition
233(1)
The Origins of Patriarchy
233(1)
Sex Typing of Work
234(1)
Gender and the Prestige of Work
235(1)
Other Areas of Global Discrimination
235(3)
Gender Inequality in the United States
238(8)
Fighting Back: The Rise of Feminism
238(1)
Cultural Diversity around the World: Female Circumcision
239(2)
Gender Inequality in Health Care
241(1)
Gender Inequality in Education
242(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Cold-Hearted Surgeons and Their Women Victims
242(3)
Gender Inequality in Everyday Life
245(1)
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
246(6)
The Pay Gap
246(3)
The Cracking Glass Ceiling
249(1)
Gender and the Control of Workers
250(1)
Sexual Harassment---and Worse
250(1)
Thinking Critically: Sexual Harassment and Rape of Women in the Military
251(1)
Gender and Violence
252(2)
Violence Against Women
252(2)
Feminism and Gendered Violence
254(1)
Solutions
254(1)
The Changing Face of Politics
254(1)
Glimpsing the Future---with Hope
255(1)
Summary and Review
256
Fold-out Section: The Changing Role of Women: A Walk Through History
252(6)
Race and Ethnicity
258(36)
Laying the Sociological Foundation
260(5)
Race: Myth and Reality
260(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: Tiger Woods and the Emerging Multiracial Identity: Mapping New Ethnic Terrain
261(1)
Ethnic Groups
262(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Can a Plane Ride Change Your Race?
263(1)
Minority Groups and Dominant Groups
263(2)
How People Construct Their Racial-Ethnic Identity
265(1)
Prejudice and Discrimination
265(4)
Learning Prejudice
265(2)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: The Racist Mind
267(1)
Thinking Critically: Self-Segregation: Help or Hindrance for Race Relations on Campus?
268(1)
Individual and Institutional Discrimination
268(1)
Theories of Prejudice
269(3)
Psychological Perspectives
269(1)
Sociological Perspectives
270(2)
Global Patterns of Intergroup Relations
272(3)
Genocide
272(1)
Population Transfer
273(1)
Internal Colonialism
273(1)
Segregation
273(1)
Assimilation
273(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: ``You Can Work for Us, But You Can't Live Near Us''
274(1)
Multiculturalism (Pluralism)
274(1)
Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States
275(9)
European Americans
276(1)
Latinos (Hispanics)
277(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack: Exploring Cultural Privilege
277(4)
African Americans
281(3)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: Stealth Racism in the Rental Market: What You Reveal by Your Voice
284(1)
Thinking Critically: Reparations for Slavery: Justice or Foolishness?
284(1)
Fold-out Section: ``Racial'' Categories in the U.S. Census: 1940 to Present
284(5)
Asian Americans
285(2)
Native Americans
287(2)
Looking Toward the Future
289(3)
The Immigration Debate
290(1)
Affirmative Action
290(1)
Cultural Diversity in the United States: Glimpsing the Future: The Shifting U.S. Racial-Ethnic Mix
291(1)
Toward a True Multicultural Society
292(1)
Summary and Review
292(2)
Marriage and Family
294(37)
Marriage and Family in Global Perspective
296(2)
What Is a Family?
296(1)
Common Cultural Themes
297(1)
Cultural Diversity around the World: Watching Out for Kids: Gender Equality and Family Life in Sweden
298(1)
Marriage and Family in Theoretical Perspective
298(4)
The Functionalist Perspective: Functions and Dysfunctions
299(1)
The Conflict Perspective: Gender and Power
299(1)
Thinking Critically: The Second Shift---Strains and Strategies
300(2)
The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective: Gender and the Meanings of Marriage
302(1)
The Family Life Cycle
302(6)
Love and Courtship in Global Perspective
302(1)
Cultural Diversity around the World: East Is East and West Is West: Love and Arranged Marriage in India
303(1)
Marriage
304(1)
Childbirth and Child Rearing
304(3)
Family Transitions in Later Life
307(1)
Diversity in U.S. Families
308(5)
African American Families
308(1)
Latino Families
309(1)
Asian American Families
310(1)
Native American Families
310(1)
One-Parent Families
311(1)
Families Without Children
311(1)
Blended Families
312(1)
Gay and Lesbian Families
312(1)
Trends U.S. Families
313(4)
Sociology and the New Technology: The Brave New World of High-Tech Reproduction: Where Technology Outpaces Law and Sometimes Common Sense
313(1)
Postponing Marriage and Childbirth
313(2)
Cohabitation
315(1)
Unmarried Mothers
315(1)
Grandparents as Parents
315(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: ``You Want Us to Live Together? What Do You Mean By That?''
316(1)
The ``Sandwich Generation'' and Elder Care
317(1)
Divorce and Remarriage
317(5)
Problems in Measuring Divorce
317(2)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: ``What Are Your Chances of Getting Divorced?''
319(1)
Children of Divorce
320(1)
Grandchildren of Divorce
321(1)
The Absent Father and Serial Fatherhood
321(1)
The Ex-Spouses
321(1)
Remarriage
321(1)
Dark sides of Family Life
322(4)
The Dark Side of Family Life: Battering, Child Abuse, Marital Rape, and Incest
323(1)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: ``Why Doesn't She Just Leave?'' The Dilemma of Abused Women
323(2)
The Bright Side of Family Life: Successful Marriages
325(1)
The Future of Marriage and Family
326(2)
Down-to-Earth Sociology: When Work Becomes Home and Home Becomes Work
327(1)
Summary and Review
328(3)
Epilogue: Why Major in Sociology? 331
Glossary 1(1)
Suggested Readings 1(1)
References 1(1)
Name Index 1(1)
Subject Index 1

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