Statics : Analysis and Design of Systems in Equilibrium

by Sheri D. Sheppard; Benson H. Tongue

• ISBN13: 9780471372998
• ISBN10: 0471372994
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-12-01
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

"[These authors speak] to the students in a manner that engages their minds in today's world. Students will grasp how statics enables us to analyze practical, everyday problems ... as well as advanced designs. It is much more practical than similar texts."--Roy Henk, LeTourneau University "The descriptions of forces are great. The examples are great. Chapter 6 [focuses] only on [free body diagrams]. This is a novel concept that I think is great. I believe that the repetitive introduction of the [free body diagram] will really help the students. I would adopt this book for Chapters 4 and 6 alone."--Makola Abdullah, FAMU/Florida State University "I like the idea that students start with a concrete experience (bicycle). That will help them understand why we are presenting what we are presenting..."--Paul Barr, New Mexico State University Engineering success starts here. Your coursework in engineering mechanics helps you develop key analytical skills that you will rely on throughout your subsequent coursework and career. That's why Sheppard and Tongue's Statics: Analysis and Design of Systems in Equilibrium, and their accompanying volume, Dynamics: Analysis and Design of Systems in Motion, focus on helping you build the skills and knowledge you need to succeed. Drawing free body diagrams starts here. The authors continuously emphasize the importance of communicating solutions through graphics. They focus on drawing correct free body diagrams through an innovative illustration program used throughout the text, and dedicate a full chapter to free body diagrams to help you develop this vital skill. Strong problem-solving skills start here. Sheppard and Tongue introduce a consistent analysis procedure early in the text, and use it throughout, including all worked examples. This problem-solving methodology helps you develop the skills to apply these principles systematically in your analysis of mechanics problems. Learning to simplify the complexities of engineered systems starts here. Innovative real-world case studies and system analysis exercises show you how to simplify and model the system to perform analysis. Exercises introduce some basic design issues, inviting you to suggest design improvements. Also available by the same authors: Dynamics: Analysis and Design of Systems in Motion ISBN 0-471-40198-6

Author Biography

Benson H. Tongue is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at University of California - Berkeley.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(22)
How Does Engineering Analysis Fit into Engineering Practice?	2	(2)
Physics Principles: Newton's Laws Reviewed	4	(1)
Properties and Units in Engineering Analysis	5	(4)
Exercises 1.3	8	(1)
Coordinate Systems and Vectors	9	(3)
Exercises 1.4	11	(1)
Drawing	12	(4)
Exercises 1.5	15	(1)
Problem Solving	16	(4)
Exercises 1.6	19	(1)
A Map of This Book	20	(2)
Just the Facts	22	(1)
The Bicycle (``Static'' Doesn't Mean that You Aren't Moving)	23	(15)
The Forces of Bicycling	24	(3)
What Is the Maximum Speed?	27	(6)
Adding More Reality	33	(1)
Just the Facts	34	(4)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	35	(1)
Exploring a Bicycle	35	(1)
Analysis of Bicycle Performance	35	(3)
The Golden Gate Bridge	38	(15)
A Walk Across the Bridge	39	(3)
How Heavy Should the Anchorages Be?	42	(7)
Adding More Reality	49	(1)
Just the Facts	50	(1)
References	50	(3)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	51	(1)
Exploring a Suspension Bridge	51	(1)
Exploring a Beam Bridge	51	(1)
Exploring an Arch Bridge	52	(1)
Exploring a Cable-Stayed Bridge	53	(79)
Forces	54	(1)
What Are Forces?	55	(8)
Gravitational Forces	56	(2)
Example 4.1 Gravity, Weight, and Mass (A)	58	(2)
Example 4.2 Gravity, Weight, and Mass (B)	60	(1)
Example 4.3 Gravity, Weight, and Mass (C)	61	(1)
Exercises 4.2	62	(1)
Contact Forces	63	(5)
Example 4.4 Types of Forces	66	(1)
Exercises 4.3	67	(1)
Analyzing Forces	68	(6)
Example 4.5 Practice in Applying the Engineering Analysis Procedure	71	(2)
Exercises 4.4	73	(1)
Magnitude and Direction Define a Force	74	(24)
Example 4.6 Representing Planar Forces (A)	80	(3)
Example 4.7 Representing Planar Forces (B)	83	(3)
Example 4.8 Representing Nonplanar Forces (A)	86	(2)
Example 4.9 Representing Nonplanar Forces (B)	88	(2)
Exercises 4.5	90	(8)
Resultant Force (Vector Addition)	98	(20)
Example 4.10 Vector Addition Practice (A)	101	(3)
Example 4.11 Vector Addition Practice (B)	104	(3)
Example 4.12 Vector Addition Practice (C)	107	(2)
Example 4.13 Vector Addition Practice (D)	109	(3)
Exercises 4.6	112	(6)
Angle Between Two Forces (The Dot Product)	118	(6)
Example 4.14 Vector Addition Practice (E)	120	(3)
Exercises 4.7	123	(1)
Just the Facts	124	(8)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	128	(1)
Calibrating Your Capacity	128	(1)
Estimating Force Values	129	(1)
Problem: Forces to Hold the Scoreboard in Place	129	(12)
Moments	132	(83)
What Are Moments?	133	(19)
Example 5.1 Specifying the Position Vector (A)	139	(1)
Example 5.2 Specifying the Position Vector (B)	140	(2)
Example 5.3 The Magnitude of the Moment (A)	142	(1)
Example 5.4 The Magnitude of the Moment (B)	143	(3)
Example 5.5 Increasing the Magnitude of the Moment (A)	146	(2)
Example 5.6 Increasing the Magnitude of the Moment (B)	148	(1)
Exercises 5.1	149	(3)
Mathematical Representation of a Moment	152	(27)
Example 5.7 Increasing the Magnitude of the Moment (C)	157	(3)
Example 5.8 Calculating the Moment	160	(2)
Example 5.9 Moment Calculations for Various Physical Situations	162	(4)
Example 5.10 Another Example of Finding the Moment	166	(3)
Example 5.11 Finding the Force to Create a Moment (A)	169	(3)
Example 5.12 Finding the Force to Create a Moment (B)	172	(1)
Exercises 5.2	173	(6)
Finding Moment Component in a Particular Direction	179	(4)
Example 5.13 Using the Dot Product to Find the Moment in a Particular Direction	180	(2)
Exercises 5.3	182	(1)
Equivalent Loads	183	(22)
Example 5.14 Equivalent Moment and Equivalent Force (A)	185	(1)
Example 5.15 Equivalent Moment and Equivalent Force (B)	186	(2)
Example 5.16 Working with Couples (A)	188	(2)
Example 5.17 Working with Couples (B)	190	(1)
Example 5.18 Working with Couples (C)	191	(3)
Example 5.19 Equivalent Loadings Including Couples	194	(2)
Example 5.20 Equivalent Loads Including Couples	196	(2)
Example 5.21 The Analysis Procedure Revisited	198	(2)
Exercises 5.4	200	(5)
Just the Facts	205	(10)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	209	(1)
Consideration of Left- and Right-Foot Pedaling	209	(1)
Vehicle Recovery: Attempt 1	209	(1)
Vehicle Recovery: Attempt 2	210	(1)
Too Much Moment Can Topple a Crane	211	(4)
Drawing a Free-Body Diagram	215	(59)
Types of External Loads Acting on Systems	217	(1)
Exercises 6.1	217	(1)
Planar System Supports	218	(13)
Example 6.1 Complete Free-Body Diagrams	225	(1)
Example 6.2 Evaluating the Correctness of Free-Body Diagrams	226	(3)
Exercises 6.2	229	(2)
Nonplanar System Supports	231	(11)
Example 6.3 Exploring Single and Double Bearings and Hinges	237	(1)
Example 6.4 Evaluating the Correctness of Free-Body Diagrams	238	(2)
Exercises 6.3	240	(2)
Planar and Nonplanar Systems	242	(12)
Example 6.5 Identifying Planar and Nonplanar Systems	244	(4)
Example 6.6 Using Questions to Determine Loads at Supports (A)	248	(1)
Example 6.7 Using Questions to Determine Loads at Solid Supports	249	(1)
Example 6.8 Using Questions to Determine Loads at Supports (B)	250	(1)
Exercise 6.4	251	(3)
Distributed Forces	254	(2)
Exercises 6.5	255	(1)
Free-Body Diagram Details	256	(11)
Example 6.9 Creating a Free-Body Diagram of a Planar System (A)	258	(1)
Example 6.10 Creating a Free-Body Diagram of a Planar System (B)	259	(1)
Example 6.11 Creating a Free-Body Diagram of a Planar System (C)	259	(1)
Example 6.12 Creating a Free-Body Diagram of a Nonplanar System (A)	260	(1)
Example 6.13 Creating a Free-Body Diagram of a Nonplanar System (B)	260	(1)
Example 6.14 Creating a Free-Body Diagram of a Nonplanar System (C)	261	(1)
Exercises 6.6	262	(5)
Just the Facts	267	(7)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	269	(1)
Checking on the Design of a Chair	269	(1)
Following the Path of the Gravitational Force	270	(2)
Free-Body Diagram Based on Experimental Evidence	272	(1)
Free-Body Diagram Based on Experimental Evidence with a Partner	273	(1)
The Bicycle Revisited	273	(1)
Mechanical Equilibrium	274	(76)
Conditions of Mechanical Equilibrium	276	(3)
Example 7.1 Leaning Person	278	(1)
Application of the Conditions---Planar Systems	279	(27)
Example 7.2 Cantilever Beam with Two Forces and a Moment	282	(1)
Example 7.3 A Simple Structure	283	(4)
Example 7.4 Planar Truss Connection	287	(2)
Example 7.5 Identifying Two-Force and Three-Force Elements	289	(1)
Example 7.6 Two-Force Element Analysis Example	290	(2)
Example 7.7 Three-Force Element Example	292	(2)
Example 7.8 Frictionless Pulley	294	(2)
Exercises 7.2	296	(10)
Application of the Conditions---Nonplanar Systems	306	(16)
Example 7.9 High-Wire Circus Act	309	(2)
Example 7.10 Cantilever Beam with Off-Center Force and Couple	311	(3)
Example 7.11 Nonplanar Problem with Unknowns Other Than Loads	314	(1)
Exercises 7.3	315	(7)
Zooming In	322	(12)
Example 7.12 Analysis of a Toggle Clamp	323	(2)
Example 7.13 Multiple Pulleys	325	(2)
Exercises 7.4	327	(7)
Determinate, Indeterminate, and Underconstrained Systems	334	(7)
Example 7.14 Identify Structure	336	(2)
Example 7.15 Considering a Statically Indeterminate Situation	338	(2)
Exercises 7.5	340	(1)
Just the Facts	341	(9)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	343	(1)
Bracing Against Moving Loads	343	(2)
Keeping the Score Board in the Air	345	(1)
Will the Chair Flip?	345	(1)
Analysis of a System in Various Configurations	346	(1)
Arm Strength	346	(1)
Friction on Golden Gate Bridge Anchorage	347	(1)
Mechanical Equilibrium of a Vehicle	347	(1)
Ancient Siege Engines	348	(1)
Ancient Siege Engines---Other Design Ideas	349	(9)
Evaluation of a Lattice Boom Crane	349	(1)
Distributed Force	350	(80)
Center of Mass, Center of Gravity, and the Centroid	351	(24)
Example 8.1 Centroid of a Volume	355	(1)
Example 8.2 Center of Mass with Distributed Mass	356	(2)
Example 8.3 Locating the Centroid of a Composite Volume	358	(4)
Example 8.4 Finding the Centroid of an Area	362	(2)
Example 8.5 Center of Mass	364	(2)
Example 8.6 Centroid of a Built-Up Section	366	(2)
Exercises 8.1	368	(7)
Distributed Force Acting on a Boundary	375	(28)
Example 8.7 Beam with Complex Distribution of Line Loads	379	(4)
Example 8.8 Slanted Surface with Nonuniform Distribution	383	(3)
Example 8.9 Complex Line Load Distribution	386	(3)
Example 8.10 Beam with Multiple Line Loads	389	(4)
Example 8.11 Calculating Center of Pressure of a Complex Pressure Distribution	393	(2)
Example 8.12 Rectangular Water Gate	395	(2)
Exercises 8.2	397	(6)
Hydrostatic Pressure	403	(17)
Example 8.13 Proof of Nondirectionality of Fluid Pressure	405	(1)
Example 8.14 Proof That Hydrostatic Pressure Increases Linearly with Depth	406	(1)
Example 8.15 Water Reservoir	407	(2)
Example 8.16 Sloped Gate with Linear Distribution	409	(1)
Example 8.17 Pressure Distribution Over a Curved Surface	410	(4)
Example 8.18 Center of Buoyancy and Stability	414	(1)
Exercises 8.3	415	(5)
Just the Facts	420	(10)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	425	(1)
What Does It Take to Empty the Trash?	425	(1)
Ballast in Submarines	426	(1)
How to Remove the Packages	426	(1)
The Freedom Ship	427	(1)
Center of Mass Calculations	427	(1)
Fighter Jet Design	428	(2)
Internal Loads in Frames, Machines, and Trusses	430	(105)
Frame Analysis	432	(27)
Example 9.1 Planar Frame Analysis	434	(3)
Example 9.2 Internally Unstable Frame	437	(3)
Example 9.3 Internally Unstable Frame with Friction	440	(2)
Example 9.4 Nonplanar Frame Analysis	442	(5)
Example 9.5 Determining Status of a Frame	447	(2)
Example 9.6 Special Conditions in Frames	449	(3)
Exercises 9.1	452	(7)
Machines	459	(31)
Example 9.7 Force Multiplication	459	(3)
Example 9.8 Analysis of a Toggle Clamp	462	(3)
Example 9.9 Bicycle Brake	465	(2)
Example 9.10 Analysis of a Gear Train	467	(6)
Example 9.11 Analysis of a Bicycle Power Train	473	(4)
Example 9.12 Analysis of a Pulley System with Bearing Friction	477	(4)
Example 9.13 Analysis of a Gear Train with Friction	481	(3)
Example 9.14 Rolling Resistance	484	(2)
Exercises 9.2	486	(4)
Truss Analysis	490	(34)
Example 9.15 Identify Systems as Trusses or Frames	493	(2)
Example 9.16 Truss Analysis Using Method of Joints	495	(6)
Example 9.17 Method of Sections (A)	501	(2)
Example 9.18 Method of Sections (B)	503	(5)
Example 9.19 Combination of Method of Joints and Method of Sections	508	(4)
Example 9.20 Checking the Status of Planar Trusses	512	(3)
Example 9.21 Status of Space Trusses	515	(1)
Exercises 9.3	516	(8)
Just the Facts	524	(11)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	527	(1)
The Marvelous Truss	527	(1)
A Self-Erecting Basketball Goal for the Reynolds Coliseum	528	(1)
Analysis of Bicycle Performance	529	(1)
Review of Chapter 2 Analysis	530	(1)
Designing a Bridge	530	(2)
Internal Loads in a Crane	532	(1)
A Heavy Load	532	(3)
``Out on a Limb'' and ``Hung Out to Dry'': A Look at Internal Loads in Beams and Cables	535	(81)
Beams	536	(36)
Example 10.1 Beam Identification	538	(2)
Example 10.2 A Beam Within a Frame	540	(5)
Example 10.3 Internal Loads in a Planar Beam (A)	545	(2)
Example 10.4 Internal Loads in a Planar Beam (B)	547	(2)
Example 10.5 Loads in a Nonplanar Beam	549	(3)
Example 10.6 Shear, Moment, and Axial Force Diagram for a Simply Supported Beam	552	(2)
Example 10.7 A Simple Beam	554	(1)
Example 10.8 Beam Analysis	555	(2)
Example 10.9 A Simply Supported Beam with an Overhang	557	(3)
Example 10.10 Using Equations 10.3 (A, B, and C)	560	(3)
Example 10.11 Exploring Equation (10.4)	563	(1)
Exercises 10.1	564	(8)
Flexible Cables	572	(18)
Example 10.12 Flexible Cable with Concentrated Loads	573	(3)
Example 10.13 Catenary Curve	576	(1)
Example 10.14 Catenary with Supports at Different Elevations	577	(4)
Example 10.15 Loaded Cable (Uniformly)	581	(1)
Example 10.16 Uniformly Loaded Cable with Supports at Unequal Heights	582	(2)
Example 10.17 Catenary versus Parabolic	584	(2)
Exercises 10.2	586	(4)
Just the Facts	590	(15)
Notes	591	(4)
System Analysis (SA) Exercises	595	(1)
Handle Design for the Money-Maker Plus Water Pump	595	(2)
Golden Gate Bridge Approximate Analysis 1	597	(1)
Golden Gate Bridge Approximate Analysis 2	598	(1)
Form Follows Function	598	(1)
Hoover Dam	599	(3)
How Much Load Does a Main Column Carry?	602	(3)
APPENDIX A
Selected Topics in Mathematics	605	(3)
Physical Quantities	608	(2)
Properties of Areas and Volumes	610	(6)
APPENDIX B DRY FRICTION	616	(9)
Exercises	622	(3)
APPENDIX C MOMENT OF INERTIA OF AREA	625	(4)
Exercises	627	(2)
Index	629