Getting Started | p. 1 |
Introduction and Overview | p. 1 |
Versions of Excel | p. 1 |
Versions of Windows | p. 2 |
What May Be Skipped | p. 2 |
More Detailed Information on Excel | p. 2 |
Excel Worksheet Basics | p. 3 |
Using the Mouse | p. 3 |
Starting Excel | p. 4 |
Exiting Excel | p. 4 |
Layout of Worksheets and Workbooks | p. 4 |
Menus, Toolbars, and Dialog Boxes | p. 8 |
Manipulating Windows | p. 9 |
Ways to Get Help | p. 10 |
Help on the Main Menu | p. 10 |
Answer Wizard | p. 11 |
Entering, Saving, and Editing Information | p. 13 |
Opening and Saving Documents | p. 13 |
Opening a Brand-New Worksheet | p. 13 |
Opening a File You Have Already Created | p. 13 |
Entering Information | p. 14 |
Addresses | p. 14 |
Activating a Cell or Range of Cells | p. 14 |
Types of Information | p. 15 |
Changing Information | p. 15 |
Moving and Copying Information | p. 15 |
Dragging and Dropping | p. 16 |
Formatting Numbers | p. 16 |
Aligning Information | p. 17 |
Formatting a Range | p. 17 |
Inserting or Deleting Rows and Columns | p. 18 |
Filling Adjacent Cells | p. 18 |
Series | p. 19 |
Sorting | p. 19 |
Saving and Retrieving Information | p. 20 |
Naming Workbooks | p. 20 |
Printing | p. 21 |
Page Setup | p. 21 |
Enhancing Output | p. 24 |
Using Formulas and Functions | p. 25 |
Operators | p. 25 |
Order of Operations | p. 25 |
Writing Equations | p. 26 |
Entering Formulas | p. 27 |
Relative References | p. 29 |
Absolute References | p. 29 |
Frequency Distributions | p. 31 |
Histogram Using Analysis Tools | p. 31 |
Sorting the Data | p. 32 |
Sorting: Potential Problems | p. 32 |
Bins | p. 33 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 37 |
Modifying and Printing the Histogram Chart | p. 37 |
Pivot Table | p. 38 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 38 |
Setting up a Pivot Table | p. 39 |
Pivot Table: Frequency Distributions | p. 42 |
Descriptive Statistics | p. 45 |
Data Analysis Tools: Descriptive Statistics | p. 45 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 45 |
Steps to Follow to Obtain Descriptive Statistics for a Single Variable | p. 45 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 47 |
Steps to Follow to Obtain Descriptive Statistics for Two or More Variables | p. 50 |
Function Wizard: Descriptive Statistics | p. 51 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 51 |
Steps to Follow to Obtain Descriptive Statistics for One Variable | p. 52 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 55 |
Steps to Follow to Obtain Descriptive Statistics for More than One Variable | p. 56 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 57 |
Pivot Table: Descriptive Statistics | p. 57 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 57 |
Setting up a Pivot Table | p. 58 |
Probability Distributions | p. 61 |
Discrete Probability Distributions | p. 61 |
Binomial Distribution | p. 61 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 64 |
Hypergeometric Distribution | p. 65 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 66 |
Poisson Distribution | p. 67 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 69 |
Continuous Probability Distributions | p. 70 |
Normal Distribution | p. 70 |
t Distribution | p. 74 |
F Distribution | p. 76 |
Chi-Square Distribution | p. 78 |
Testing Hypotheses About One Sample Means | p. 79 |
One-Sample Z-Test | p. 79 |
Assumptions Underlying the Z-Test | p. 79 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 80 |
Steps to Follow to Analyze the Sample Research Problem | p. 80 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 84 |
Confidence Interval for the One-Sample Z-Test | p. 85 |
Interpreting the Confidence Interval | p. 86 |
One-Sample t-Test | p. 86 |
Assumptions Underlying the t-Test | p. 86 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 87 |
Steps to Follow to Analyze the Sample Research Problem | p. 87 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 91 |
Confidence Interval for the One-Sample t-Test | p. 92 |
Interpreting the Confidence Interval | p. 93 |
Testing Hypotheses About the Difference Between Two Means | p. 95 |
t-Test for Two Independent Samples | p. 95 |
Variances Are Not Known and Are Assumed to Be Equal | p. 95 |
Assumptions Underlying the Independent Samples t-Test | p. 96 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 96 |
Using Analysis Tools for t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances | p. 96 |
Steps to Follow to Analyze the Sample Research Problem | p. 97 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 99 |
Variances Are Not Known and Are Assumed to Be Unequal | p. 99 |
Assumptions Underlying the Independent Samples t*-Test | p. 100 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 100 |
Using Analysis Tools for t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances | p. 101 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 102 |
Paired-Samples t-Test | p. 102 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 103 |
Using Analysis Tools for t-Test: Paired-Two-Sample for Means | p. 103 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 104 |
Z-Test for Two Independent Samples | p. 105 |
Assumptions Underlying the Z-Test | p. 105 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 106 |
Using Analysis Tools for Z-Test: Two-Sample for Means | p. 106 |
Steps to Follow to Analyze the Sample Research Problem | p. 107 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 108 |
Analysis of Variance | p. 111 |
One-Way Between-Groups ANOVA | p. 111 |
F-Test | p. 111 |
Assumptions Underlying the F-Test | p. 111 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 111 |
Using Analysis Tools for One-Way Between-Groups ANOVA | p. 112 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 113 |
One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA | p. 115 |
F-Test | p. 115 |
Assumptions Underlying the F-Test | p. 115 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 115 |
Using Analysis Tools for One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA | p. 115 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 116 |
Two-Way Between-Groups ANOVA | p. 119 |
F-Test | p. 119 |
Assumptions Underlying the F-Test | p. 119 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 120 |
Using Analysis Tools for Two-Way Between-Groups ANOVA | p. 120 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 121 |
Correlation | p. 125 |
Pearson Correlation Coefficient | p. 125 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 125 |
Function Wizard | p. 126 |
Correlation Matrices | p. 127 |
Scatterplot | p. 128 |
Modifying the Scatterplot | p. 131 |
Regression | p. 133 |
Two-Variable Regression | p. 133 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 133 |
Scatterplot | p. 134 |
Steps to Follow to Analyze the Sample Research Problem | p. 135 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 136 |
Multiple Regression | p. 138 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 138 |
Steps to Follow to Analyze the Sample Research Problem | p. 138 |
Interpreting the Output | p. 140 |
Cross Tabulations | p. 145 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 145 |
Cross Tabulation of Two Qualitative Variables | p. 145 |
Cross Tabulation of a Qualitative and a Quantitative Variable | p. 147 |
Cross Tabulation of Three Variables | p. 148 |
Missing Data | p. 150 |
Chi-Square Test of Independence | p. 151 |
Assumptions Underlying the Chi-Square Test of Independence | p. 151 |
Sample Research Problem | p. 151 |
Using the Pivot Table for Observed Cell Frequencies | p. 152 |
Using Formulas to Calculate Expected Cell Frequencies | p. 153 |
Using the Function Wizard to Calculate Chi-Square | p. 155 |
Using the Function Wizard to Find the Critical Value of Chi-Square | p. 156 |
Using the Function Wizard to Find the P-Value | p. 157 |
How to Obtain Data Files on the Web | p. 159 |
Taking the Long Way to the Site | p. 159 |
Taking the Short Way to the Site | p. 159 |
Description of the Data Sets | p. 159 |
Web Sites that Provide | |
Information About Excel and Statistics | p. 161 |
http://www.nyu.edu/acf/socsci/statistics.html | p. 162 |
http://www.census.gov/statab/freq | p. 162 |
http://www.j-walk.com/ss/ssjokes.htm | p. 162 |
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