Structure, Alignment and Optimality in Swedish

by Sells, Peter

• ISBN13: 9781575862323
• ISBN10: 1575862328
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-05-01
• Publisher: Univ of Chicago Pr

Summary

Very little research has been performed on the grammatical structure of sentences in Swedish.Structure, Alignment and Optimality in Swedishis one of the first books to explore the Swedish sentence structure, presenting an account of the order of the words and phrases within the sentence. The book uses the theoretical framework of Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG), which provides syntactic analysis in terms of subject, object, topic, and focus, as well as part-of-speech analysis in terms of noun phrase and verb phrase. The book also uses Optimality Theory, a theory of constraint interpretation that allows constraints to conflict by allowing the satisfaction of certain constraints or requirements to lead to a grammatical structure even if less important constraints are violated.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	ix
Introduction	1	(8)
Outline	1	(1)
Object Shift	2	(3)
LFG	5	(4)
Clause Structure in Swedish	9	(32)
Designated Positions in Clausal Syntax	9	(7)
Positions within the Clause	10	(2)
The Functional Categories of IP and CP	12	(3)
Embedded V2	15	(1)
The IP/CP Analysis	16	(10)
Evidence for the IP/CP Split	17	(5)
Deviations from V2	22	(2)
The Meaning of V2	24	(2)
Summary	26	(1)
V2 in LFG	26	(15)
The Nature of V2-1 and V2-2	26	(5)
The Formal Analysis	31	(10)
Object Shift	41	(62)
Introduction	41	(2)
Pronominal Object Shift in Swedish	43	(11)
The Basic Facts	43	(4)
Additional Facts Relating to `Holmberg's Generalization'	47	(4)
Why Swedish Structures Must Be Base-Generated	51	(3)
Clause-Internal Structure	54	(17)
The Position of Shifted Pronouns	54	(2)
The Position of Negation and Other Medial Adverbs	56	(7)
Adverbial Intermingling	63	(1)
Long Object Shift	64	(3)
The Structure of Particles	67	(4)
Ordering Constraints I: C-structure Constraints	71	(4)
Previous OT Work	71	(2)
Alignment in Swedish	73	(2)
Ordering Constraints II: F-structure Constraints	75	(15)
The Domains of Alignment	76	(1)
F-Alignment vs. F-Precedence	77	(3)
F-predicate	80	(3)
Particles Revisited	83	(4)
Complex Predicates	87	(2)
Summary	89	(1)
The Distribution of Clitics	90	(3)
Negative Quantifiers	93	(10)
Negative Quantifiers	93	(2)
NegQPs are External to VP	95	(2)
Problem Examples	97	(2)
Structure-Function Associations	99	(2)
Summary	101	(2)
The OT-LFG Framework	103	(30)
The OT Architecture	103	(1)
An Example From Verb Positioning	104	(8)
English	105	(1)
French	106	(1)
Swedish	107	(2)
An OT Analysis	109	(3)
The Properties of GEN	112	(7)
General Properties	113	(1)
Heads	114	(1)
Complements	115	(1)
Specifiers	116	(1)
Modifiers	117	(1)
X0 Structures	117	(2)
Summary	119	(1)
The Clausal Skeleton	119	(11)
Skeleton Constraints	119	(6)
V-Final Languages	125	(1)
The Interpretation of Spine-R	126	(3)
Summary	129	(1)
Summary and Preview	130	(3)
The Analysis of Object Shift	133	(30)
Constraints for Structure	133	(7)
Markedness Constraints and V2	133	(3)
Swedish Clausal Structures	136	(4)
Alignment Constraints	140	(18)
The Basic Alignment Constraints	140	(1)
Adverb Alignment	141	(2)
Constraint Evaluation	143	(8)
Complex Adverbial Structures	151	(6)
Object Shift in Danish and Norwegian	157	(1)
Conclusion	158	(5)
What Allows Object Shift?	158	(2)
Holmberg's Generalization in OT Syntax	160	(3)
Theoretical Comparison	163	(18)
The Syntactic Derivation of Object Shift	163	(6)
The Equidistance Account	163	(2)
Movement to SpecAgrOP	165	(2)
V-Raising	167	(1)
What Motivates Object Shift?	168	(1)
Summary	169	(1)
Previous Analyses	169	(8)
Holmberg and Platzack (1995)	169	(1)
Platzack (1998)	170	(1)
Holmberg (1997b, 1999)	171	(1)
Chomsky (2001)	172	(3)
Kaiser (1997)	175	(1)
Broekhuis (2000)	176	(1)
Shape Preservation as an Emergent Property	177	(4)
Areas for Further Investigation	181	(13)
Clausal Skeleton Constraints	181	(5)
Functional Alignment Constraints	186	(1)
Shape Preservation: Alignment or Precedence?	187	(2)
Repulsion from VP	189	(1)
Object Shift in Icelandic	190	(3)
Final Remarks	193	(1)
References	194	(15)
Name Index	209	(3)
Subject Index	212