Structured Reading

by Troyka, Lynn Q.; Thweatt, Joe Wayne

• ISBN13: 9780130450760
• ISBN10: 0130450766
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-01-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

Using a highly effective approach, this book is based on the principle that readers improve their skills not by reading "about" reading, but rather by guided, hands-on experience "with" reading. Thirty core reading selections-include essays on road rage, coping with language barriers, Texas' Juneteenth celebration, death penalty victims, and crossing the border into the United States-are drawn from books, magazines, newspapers, and texts in various disciplines. They offer readers a diverse number of topics, interests them in the process of reading, and helps them develop their critical thinking, reading, and vocabulary. For anyone who wants to get more out of what they read.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Part 1 Skills for Reading	1	(80)
What Is the Reading Process?	3	(3)
Previewing and Predicting in the Reading Process	3	(1)
Concentrating During the Reading Process	4	(2)
What Is Your Personal Reading History?	6	(2)
What Is the Role of Speed During Reading?	8	(6)
Relating Speed to Purposes for Reading	8	(1)
Using Rapid Word Discrimination	9	(5)
How Do Eye Movements Affect Reading?	14	(5)
Avoiding ``White Space''	14	(1)
Expanding Eye Fixations	15	(1)
Pacing Through the Print	16	(2)
Choosing Your Favorite Strategy for Controlling Eye Movements	18	(1)
How Can I Improve My Vocabulary?	19	(10)
Using Restatement Context Clues	20	(1)
Using Definition Context Clues	21	(2)
Using Contrast Context Clues	23	(1)
Using Example Context Clues	24	(2)
Learning and Remembering New Words	26	(3)
What Is the Role of Prediction During Reading?	29	(2)
Assessing Your Skill with Predicting	30	(1)
What Is the Role of ``SQ3R'' When Reading to Study?	31	(2)
How Can Maps and Outlines Help With Reading?	33	(6)
Mapping of Content	33	(2)
Outlining	35	(1)
Creating an Informal Outline	35	(1)
Creating a Formal Outline	35	(4)
What Is Reading On, Between, and Beyond the Lines?	39	(2)
What Are ``Central Theme'' and ``Main Ideas''?	41	(9)
Finding a Central Theme	41	(1)
Finding Main Ideas	42	(2)
Observing Central Themes and Main Ideas in Action	44	(1)
Practicing with Central Themes and Main Ideas	45	(5)
What Are ``Major Details''?	50	(8)
Finding Major Details	50	(2)
Observing Major Details in Action	52	(2)
Practicing with Major Details	54	(4)
What Are ``Inferences''?	58	(8)
Making Inferences	58	(2)
Observing Inferences in Action	60	(2)
Practicing with Inferences	62	(4)
What Is ``Critical Reading''?	66	(10)
Critical Reading: Deciding Between Fact and Opinion	66	(1)
Observing ``Fact and Opinion'' in Action	67	(2)
Practicing with ``Fact or Opinion''	69	(2)
Critical Reading: Recognizing the Writer's Craft	71	(1)
Observing the Writer's Craft	72	(1)
Practicing with the Writer's Craft	73	(3)
What Is ``Reader Response''?	76	(5)
Summary of Part One	77	(4)
Answers to Activities in Part One	78	(3)
Part 2 Thinking: Getting Started	81	(56)
A Real Loss	85	(10)
Fern Kupfer
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	86	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	88	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	89	(1)
Major Details	90	(1)
Inferences	90	(2)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	92	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	92	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	93	(2)
The Death of a Farm	95	(8)
Amy Jo Keifer
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	96	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	97	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	98	(1)
Major Details	99	(1)
Inferences	100	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	100	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	101	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	101	(2)
Tyranny of Weakness	103	(6)
Eda LeShan
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	104	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	105	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	105	(1)
Major Details	106	(1)
Inferences	106	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	107	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	107	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	108	(1)
Darkness at Noon	109	(8)
Harold Krents
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	111	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	112	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	113	(1)
Major Details	113	(1)
Inferences	114	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	115	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	115	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	116	(1)
My World Now	117	(10)
Anna Mae Halgrim Seaver
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	119	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	121	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	122	(1)
Major Details	122	(1)
Inferences	123	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	123	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	124	(3)
My Mother's Blue Bowl	127	(10)
Alice Walker
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	129	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	131	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	132	(1)
Major Details	132	(1)
Inferences	133	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	133	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	134	(3)
Part 3 Thinking: Getting Started	137	(58)
Summer	141	(6)
Jonathan Schwartz
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	142	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	143	(1)
Main Idea and Images	143	(1)
Major Details	144	(1)
Inferences	144	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	145	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	146	(1)
The Girl with the Large Eyes	147	(8)
Julius Lester
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	149	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	150	(1)
Central Theme and Main Images	151	(1)
Major Details	152	(1)
Inferences	152	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	153	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	153	(2)
You Are How You Eat	155	(10)
Enid Nemy
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	157	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	158	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	159	(1)
Major Details	160	(1)
Inferences	161	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	161	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	162	(3)
Flour Children	165	(10)
Lexine Alpert
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	167	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	169	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	170	(1)
Major Details	170	(1)
Inferences	171	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	171	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	172	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	172	(3)
The Magic Words Are ``Will You Help Me?''	175	(10)
Michael Ryan
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	178	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	180	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	181	(1)
Major Details	181	(1)
Inferences	182	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	182	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	183	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	184	(1)
Mute in an English-Only World	185	(10)
Chang-rae Lee
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	188	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	189	(2)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	191	(1)
Major Details	191	(1)
Inferences	192	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	192	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	193	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	193	(2)
Part 4 Thinking: Getting Started	195	(66)
Genes and Behavior: A Twin Legacy	199	(10)
Constance Holden
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	201	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	202	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	203	(1)
Major Details	204	(1)
Inferences	205	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	206	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	206	(3)
Every Kid Needs Some Manual Arts	209	(8)
William Raspberry
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	211	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	212	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	213	(1)
Major Details	213	(1)
Inferences	214	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	214	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	214	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	215	(2)
Richard Cory, All Over Again	217	(10)
Roy Meador
Richard Cory	219	(1)
Edward Arlington Robinson
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	220	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	221	(2)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	223	(1)
Major Details	223	(1)
Inferences	224	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	225	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	226	(1)
Escaping the Daily Grind for Life as a House Father	227	(10)
Rick Greenberg
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	229	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	231	(2)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	233	(1)
Major Details	233	(1)
Inferences	234	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	235	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	235	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	236	(1)
Forty Acres and a Holiday	237	(12)
Lisa Jones
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	240	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	241	(2)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	243	(1)
Major Details	244	(1)
Inferences	244	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	245	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	246	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	246	(3)
Out of Their Element	249	(12)
Bob Akin
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	253	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	255	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	256	(1)
Major Details	256	(1)
Inferences	257	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	258	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	258	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	259	(2)
Part 5 Thinking: Getting Started	261	(62)
Death Penalty Victims	265	(8)
Bob Herbert
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	267	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	268	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	269	(1)
Major Details	269	(1)
Inferences	269	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	270	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	270	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	271	(2)
Should a Wife Keep Her Name?	273	(10)
Norman Lobsenz
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	275	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	277	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	278	(1)
Major Details	279	(1)
Inferences	280	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	281	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	281	(2)
Restored to the Sea	283	(10)
Robin Micheli
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	285	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	286	(2)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	288	(1)
Major Details	289	(1)
Inferences	289	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	290	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	290	(3)
I Became Her Target	293	(10)
Roger Wilkins
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	295	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	297	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	298	(1)
Major Details	299	(1)
Inferences	300	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	301	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	301	(2)
She Made Her Dream Come True	303	(8)
Michael Ryan
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	304	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	306	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	307	(1)
Major Details	307	(1)
Inferences	308	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	309	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	309	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	309	(2)
From In Search of Bernabe	311	(12)
Graciela Limon
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	316	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	317	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	318	(1)
Major Details	318	(1)
Inferences	319	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	320	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	320	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	321	(2)
Part 6 Thinking: Getting Started	323	(88)
How to Stay Alive	327	(6)
Art Hoppe
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	328	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	329	(1)
Central Theme	330	(1)
Major Details	331	(1)
Inferences	331	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	331	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	332	(1)
Houses to Save the Earth	333	(12)
Seth Shulman
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	336	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	338	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	339	(1)
Major Details	340	(1)
Inferences	341	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	341	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	341	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	342	(3)
Collegians Predisposed to Road Rage	345	(10)
Andrew J. Pulskamp
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	348	(1)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	349	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	350	(1)
Major Details	350	(1)
Inferences	351	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	351	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	352	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	352	(3)
Long-Term Memory	355	(14)
Joseph Calkin
Richard S. Perrotto
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	360	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	362	(1)
Special Textbook Vocabulary	363	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	364	(1)
Major Details	365	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	365	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	366	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	366	(3)
A Personal Stress Survival Guide	369	(14)
Dianne Hales
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	375	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	377	(1)
Special Textbook Vocabulary	378	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	379	(1)
Major Details	380	(1)
Inferences	380	(1)
Critical Reading: Fact or Opinion	381	(1)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	381	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	382	(1)
The Chaser	383	(12)
John Collier
Vocabulary list with dictionary entries	385	(2)
Exercises:
Vocabulary	387	(1)
Central Theme and Main Ideas	388	(1)
Major Details	388	(1)
Inferences	389	(2)
Critical Reading: The Writer's Craft	391	(1)
Reader Response: To Discuss or to Write About	391	(4)
Appendix
Progress Charts	395	(7)
Guide to Dictionary Use	402	(9)
Credits	411	(4)
Vocabulary Index	415	(4)
General Index	419

Excerpts

In writingStructured Reading,Sixth Edition, we remained convinced that students learn best from guided, hands-on experience with complete, not partial, reading selections. We believe, too, that the best approach starts with detailed instruction in the separate drills areas that assure movement to college-level reading abilities, followed by extensive, repeated practice with many complete reading selections that comprise five-sixths of this book. In flight training, student pilots spend some instructional time in a training simulator. But within a short time, the instructors move students from the simulator to the cockpit of the airplane to give the students hands-on practice in flying the plane. Few passengers would fly with a pilot who had only simulator experience. Most want a pilot who has logged many hours of real flight time in the cockpit. Likewise, we want students to move quickly from the skills (the simulator) to actual reading (the cockpit) for extended practice. This method has worked well since the first edition ofStructured Readingand is evidenced by its continued use by hundred of teachers and thousands of students in the United States and Canada. We've consistently had our students in mind as we've talked through our revision decisions for this Sixth Edition ofStructured Reading.We've learned from our reviewers and teaching colleagues that many students look for a detailed introduction to the separate college-level reading skills they need ("Central Theme and Main Ideas"; "Major Details"; "Inferences"; "Critical Thinking"; and "Reader Response"). To that end, we offer in this Sixth Edition a comprehensive, new Part One, "Skills for Reading." This fourteen-chapter part explains and demonstrates each reading skill. It also offers extensive skills-based exercises to prepare students for their hands-on experience with the thirty complete reading selections in Parts Two through Six. Another demonstration of our focus on students inStructured Readingis the topics of the thirty complete reading selections. Some students say that they avoid reading because nothing they're assigned to read interests them. While we know that such feelings derive as much from a lack of confidence in reading abilities as from specific topics, we've always strived to provide engaging topics that appeal to a diverse audience. To this end, we've replaced five reading selections with new ones on more current, absorbing issues. Here are the major features ofStructured Reading,Sixth Edition: NEW! Part One, "Skills for Reading" explains the reading process. Using an FAQ approach, it gives students down-to-earth advice--with lots of chances for practice--about how to improve reading speed, expand vocabulary, make useful predictions during reading, read "on, between, and beyond" the lines, find central themes and main ideas, identify major and minor details, make inferences, read critically, and respond to ideas. Thirty reading selections, with five new for this edition, represent our desire to offer an instructive, stimulating balance of readings from books, magazines, newspapers, and textbooks in disciplines across the curriculum. The final mix represents male and female writers, as well as writers from a variety of ethnic groups. Exercises are deliberately structured to promote analytic and critical reasoning. Indeed, our structured sequences of exercises following every reading selection are the key feature that teachers and students have been praising from the first edition ofStructured Reading:"Vocabulary," "Central Theme and Main Ideas," "Major Details," "Inferences," "Critical Thinking" ("Fact vs. Opinion" and "The Writer's Craft"), and "Reader Response." This structured sequence demands concentrated work inreading for literal meaning, for inferential meaning, and for critical thinking.This approach, used repeatedly, leads s