The Surface Climates of Canada

by Bailey, William G.; Oke, T. R.; Rouse, Wayne R.

• ISBN13: 9780773516724
• ISBN10: 0773516727
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-01-01
• Publisher: McGill Queens Univ

Summary

In the opening chapters contributors lay out the large-scale context of the physical climate of Canada, introducing the processes, balances, and dynamic linkages between the surface and atmosphere that create and maintain the diversity of surface climates found in Canada as well as outlining the nature of the physical processes that operate near the ground's surface. Individual chapters are dedicated to snow and ice - the almost universal surface cover in Canada - and the other major natural surface environments of Canada: ocean and coastal zones, fresh water lakes, wetlands, arctic islands, low arctic and subarctic lands, forests, and alpine environments. The final part of the book considers those surface environments that have been strongly influenced by human activity, such as agricultural lands and urban environments, and examines the prospects for future climate change. Bringing together for the first time a wide range of scholarship by leading climatologists, The Surface Climates of Canada will be an indispensable tool for understanding Canada's surface climates and the processes responsible for their creation and control. Contributors include Brian D. Amiro (AECL), W.G. Bailey (Simon Fraser), Richard Bello (York), Terry J. Gillespie (Guelph), Barry E. Goodison (Atmospheric Environment Service), F. Kenneth Hare (emeritus professor, Toronto), L.D. Danny Harvey (Toronto), Owen Hertzman (Dalhousie), Peter M. Lafleur (Trent), J. Harry McCaughey (Queen's), Linda Mortsch (Environment Canada), R. Ted Munn (Toronto), D. Scott Munro (Toronto), Atsumu Ohmura (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Timothy R. Oke (UBC), John W. Pomeroy (Environment Canada), Alexander W. Robertson (Canadian Forest Service), Nigel T. Roulet (McGill), Wayne R. Rouse (McMaster), Ian R. Saunders (Simon Fraser), William M. Schertzer (Environment Canada), Hans-Peter Schmid (Indiana), David L. Spittlehouse (BC Ministry of Forests), Douw G. Steyn (UBC), John L. Walmsley (Atmospheric Environment Service), John D. Wilson (Alberta), Ming-Ko Woo (McMaster).

Table of Contents

Tables
Figures
Symbols, Units, and Quantities
Preface
Surface Climate Concepts
Canada's Climate: An Overall Perspective	p. 3
Surface Climate Processes	p. 21
Spatial Variability in Surface Climates	p. 44
Winter and Snow	p. 68
Natural Surface Climates
Oceans and the Coastal Zone	p. 101
Freshwater Lakes	p. 124
Wetlands	p. 149
The Arctic Islands	p. 172
The Low Arctic and Subarctic	p. 198
Alpine Environments	p. 222
Forest Environments	p. 247
Managed and Changing Surface Climates
Agricultural Surfaces	p. 277
Urban Environments	p. 303
Climatic Change	p. 328
Epilogue	p. 352
Glossary	p. 359
Contributors	p. 365
Index	p. 367
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