Sustainable Lifeways

by Miller, Naomi F.; Moore, Katherine M.; Ryan, Kathleen

• ISBN13: 9781934536193
• ISBN10: 1934536199
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2011-09-21
• Publisher: Univ of Pennsylvania Museum of

Summary

Sustainable Lifewaysaddresses forces of conservatism and innovation in societies dependent on the exploitation of aquatic and other wild resources, agriculture, and specialized pastoralism. The volume gathers specialists working in four areas of the world with significant archaeological and paleoenvironmental databases: West Asia, the American Southwest, East Africa, and Andean South America, and contributing to research in three broad time scales: long term (spanning millennia), medium term (archaeological time, spanning centuries or a few thousand years), and recent (ethnohistoric or ethnographic, spanning years or decades). By bringing an archaeological eye to an examination of human response to unpredictable environmental conditions, informed by an understanding of contemporary traditional peoples, the contributors to this volume develop a more detailed picture of how societies perceive environmental risk, how they alter their behavior in the face of changing conditions, and under what challenges the most rapid and far-reaching changes in adaptation have taken place.Sustainable Lifewaysenhances our understanding of both the forces of conservatism and innovation which may have been in play in major transitions in the past, such as the development of complex society, and the expansions of early empires. Studies present examples of cattle herders in East Africa, hunter-gatherers and pastoralists in the Levant, South American fisher/farmers, and farmer/hunters of the U.S. Southwest.

Author Biography

At the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Naomi F. Miller is a Research Project Manager in the Near East Section, Katherine M. Moore is a Consulting Scholar in the American Section, and Kathleen Ryan is a Consulting Scholar in the African Section.

Table of Contents

Figures	p. vii
Tables	p. xi
Contributors	p. xiii
Foreword	p. xvii
tPreface	p. xix
Introduction: Sustainable Lifeways	p. 1
"Living with a Moving Target": Long-term Climatic Variability and Environmental Risk in Dryland Regions	p. 13
Prehistoric Pastoralists and Social Responses to Climatic Risk in East Africa	p. 38
Spreading Risk in Risky Environments: An East African Example	p. 74
Risk and Resilience among Contemporary Pastoralists in Southwestern Iran	p. 106
Change and Stability in an Uncertain Environment: Foraging Strategies in the Levant from the Early Natufian through the Beginning of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B	p. 128
Explaining the Structure and Timing of Formation of Pueblo I Villages in the Northern U. S. Southwest	p. 150
Mitigating Environmental Risk in the U.S. Southwest	p. 180
Farmers' Experience and Knowledge: Utilizing Soil Diversity to Mitigate Rainfall Variability on the Taraco Peninsula, Bolivia	p. 212
Grace Under Pressure: Responses to Changing Environments by Herders and Fishers in the Formative Lake Titicaca Basin, Bolivia	p. 244
Periodic Volcanism, Persistent Landscapes, and the Archaeofaunal Record in the Jama Valley of Western Ecuador	p. 273
Managing Predictable Unpredictability: Agricultural Sustainability at Gordion, Turkey	p. 310
Index	p. 325
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