Taking Stock of Delinquency

by Thornberry, Terence P.; Krohn, Marvin D.

• ISBN13: 9780306473647
• ISBN10: 030647364X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-11-01
• Publisher: Plenum Pub Corp

Summary

Taking Stock in Delinquency is the comprehensive synthesis of the empirical findings of seven important ongoing longitudinal studies of delinquency. The seven projects included in this volume represent much of the diversity found in individual-based panel studies of antisocial behavior. Individually and collectively, the results of these investigations have been published in a wide range of disciplinary outlets, thus making it difficult to identify common themes and general principles. This volume intends to provide a comprehensive and unified picture of empirical results, both within these studies and across them. One of the fundamental purposes of Taking Stock in Delinquency is to examine the extent to which these studies answer the basic question of the origins of delinquent and criminal careers despite their varying guiding theories, methods, and settings. Taking Stock in Delinquency is an important resource for criminologists, psychologists, sociologists, and upper-level students on juvenile delinquency, criminology, developmental psychology, and deviant behavior.

Author Biography

Terence P. Thornberry: University at Albany, Albany, New York Marvin D. Krohn: University at Albany, Albany, New York

Table of Contents

The Development of Panel Studies of Delinquency	1	(10)
Terence P. Thornberry
Marvin D. Krohn
Introduction	1	(2)
Panel Studies of Crime and Delinquency	3	(3)
Common Elements	3	(1)
Diversity of Panel Studies	4	(1)
Limitations of Panel Studies	5	(1)
Taking Stock	6	(5)
Causes and Consequences of Delinquency: Findings from the Rochester Youth Development Study	11	(36)
Terence P. Thornberry
Alan J. Lizotte
Marvin D. Krohn
Introduction	11	(1)
Theoretical Framework	12	(4)
Interactional Theory	12	(3)
Social Network Theory	15	(1)
Design of the Rochester Youth Development Study	16	(3)
Sample	16	(1)
Subject Retention	17	(1)
Measurement	18	(1)
Analytic Themes	19	(22)
Family and Delinquency	20	(4)
Maltreatment and Delinquency	24	(2)
School and Delinquency	26	(2)
Peers, Beliefs, and Delinquency	28	(1)
Social Networks and Delinquent Behavior	29	(5)
The Impact of Structural Position	34	(2)
Long-Term Developmental Effects	36	(3)
Violence	39	(1)
Youth and Guns	39	(2)
Future Directions	41	(6)
Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial Behavior	41	(1)
Adult Transitions	42	(5)
Delinquency and Crime: Some Highlights from the Denver Youth Survey	47	(46)
David Huizinga
Anne Wylie Weiher
Rachele Espiritu
Introduction	47	(3)
Epidemiology of Delinquency, Drug Use, and Victimization	50	(13)
Over-Time Changes in Delinquency and Drug Use: The 1970's and the 1990's	50	(2)
Epidemiology: Age, Gender, and Ethnicity	52	(1)
Age of Initiation and Subsequent Delinquency	53	(2)
The Intermittency of Serious and Violent Offending	55	(1)
Victimization	55	(1)
The Co-Occurrence or Overlap of Problem Behaviors	56	(7)
Peers and Delinquent Gangs	63	(7)
Delinquent Gangs	63	(5)
Peers, Gangs, and Co-Offending	68	(2)
Explanatory, Risk, and Protective Factors	70	(9)
Risk and Protective Factors for Successful Adolescence	70	(3)
Multiple Etiological Pathways to Delinquency	73	(2)
Developmental and Gender Differences in Explanatory Models	75	(1)
Intergenerational Transmission of Delinquency and Drug Use	76	(1)
Neighborhoods and Problem Behavior	77	(2)
Arrest and Imprisonment	79	(4)
The Impact of Arrest	79	(2)
Initiation of Violent Offending and Age at First Arrest	81	(1)
Adolescent Precursors to Young Adult Imprisonment	82	(1)
Help-Seeking for Psychological Behavior Problems	83	(2)
Some Final Comments and Plans for the Future	85	(8)
The Development of Male Offending: Key Findings from Fourteen Years of the Pittsburgh Youth Study	93	(44)
Rolf Loeber
David P. Farrington
Magda Stouthamer-Loeber
Introduction	93	(3)
Design and Methods	96	(4)
Participants	96	(1)
Measures	97	(3)
Development of Offending	100	(8)
Prevalence, Frequency, and Onset	100	(2)
Prevalence of Delinquency in Court Records	102	(1)
Victimization	103	(1)
Concentration of Offending in Families	103	(1)
Development of Delinquency, Aggression, and Violence	104	(1)
Developmental Pathways	105	(3)
Risk and Protective Factors	108	(18)
Child Risk Factors	108	(6)
Family Factors	114	(1)
Peer Factors	115	(1)
Macro Factors	116	(5)
Cumulative Effects of Risk and Protective (Promotive) Factors	121	(1)
Predictors of Violence	122	(2)
Predictors of Desistance	124	(1)
Co-Occurrence of Problem Behaviors and Delinquency	124	(2)
Help Seeking	126	(2)
Delinquency Seriousness	126	(1)
Court Contact	127	(1)
Conclusions and Future Priorities	128	(9)
Theoretical Considerations	128	(2)
Future Research	130	(7)
Key Results from the First Forty Years of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development	137	(48)
David P. Farrington
Introduction	137	(1)
Methods	137	(5)
Aims	137	(1)
Characteristics of the Sample	138	(1)
Data Collected at Different Ages	139	(1)
Tracing and Securing Cooperation	140	(2)
Criminal Careers	142	(6)
Natural History of Offending	142	(1)
Offending by Family Members	142	(1)
Persistence in Offending	143	(1)
Replication of Criminal Career Results	144	(1)
Co-Offending and Motives	145	(1)
Self-Reported Offending	146	(1)
Mathematical Models of Criminal Careers	147	(1)
Risk Factors for Offending	148	(7)
Childhood Risk Factors	148	(2)
Mechanisms and Processes	150	(1)
Independent Predictors	151	(3)
Predicting Persisters	154	(1)
Offending and Antisocial Behavior	155	(3)
Antisocial Behavior at Age 18	155	(1)
Antisocial Behavior at Age 32	156	(1)
The Antisocial Personality Syndrome	157	(1)
Truancy and Physical Health	158	(1)
Aggression and Violence	158	(3)
Continuity in Aggression	158	(1)
Predictors of Aggression and Violence	159	(1)
Accuracy of Prediction	160	(1)
Life Events and Protective Factors	161	(3)
Effects of Life Events	161	(1)
Factors Encouraging Desistance	162	(1)
Protective Factors	163	(1)
Explaining the Development of Delinquency	164	(4)
The Farrington Theory	165	(3)
Other Issues	168	(6)
Limitations of the Study	168	(2)
Policy Implications	170	(2)
Current Research and Future Plans	172	(2)
Conclusion	174	(11)
Testing an Integrative Theory of Deviant Behavior: Theory-Syntonic Findings from a Long-Term Multi-Generation Study	185	(20)
Howard B. Kaplan
Introduction	185	(1)
An Integrative Theory of Deviant Behavior	185	(4)
Data Sources	189	(2)
Analyses and Results	191	(11)
Direct Linear Relationships	192	(1)
Mediating Variables	193	(4)
Moderating Influences	197	(5)
Conclusion	202	(3)
The Montreal Longitudinal and Experimental Study: Rediscovering the Power of Descriptions	205	(50)
Richard E. Tremblay
Frank Vitaro
Daniel Nagin
Aims and Design of the Study	205	(5)
Key Findings	210	(20)
Kindergarten Disruptive Behavior Predicts Delinquency During the Transition from childhood to Early Adolescence	210	(1)
Kindergarten Personality Predicts Delinquency During the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence	211	(4)
Biological Correlates of Delinquency	215	(2)
Family Poverty, Family Structure, Parenting Process, and School Failure as Predictors of Delinquency	217	(3)
Deviant Friends During Pre-Adolescence and Early Delinquency	220	(4)
Developmental Trajectories to Physically Violent and Nonviolent Juvenile Deliquency	224	(6)
A Preventive Experiment to Test Causal Hypotheses and Identify Effective Interventions	230	(6)
Beyond the MLES	236	(5)
Conclusion	241	(14)
Understanding and Preventing Crime and Violence: Findings from the Seattle Social Development Project	255	(58)
J. David Hawkins
Brian H. Smith
Karl G. Hill
Introduction	255	(1)
Sample Description, Interventions, and Participation	256	(4)
Data Set Description	257	(3)
Methodological Issues: Intervention Effects	260	(1)
Prevalence, Frequency, and Onset of Offending in the SSDP Sample	260	(7)
Dimensions of Criminal Careers in the SSDP Sample	260	(5)
Trajectories of Offending	265	(2)
The Structure of Deviance	267	(3)
General Deviance Theory and Dimensions of Problem Behavior	267	(1)
Dimensions of Problem Behavior in African American and European American Adolescents	268	(1)
Tracking Progressions of Problem Behavior	269	(1)
Predictors of Violence and Delinquency	270	(9)
Tests of the Social Development Model	279	(5)
Intervention Effects on Delinquent Behaviors and Social Development Constructs	284	(16)
Program Goals and Rationale	284	(1)
Study Design	285	(1)
Intervention Program Description	286	(2)
Effects on Problem Behaviors and Social Development Constructs	288	(4)
Measuring SDM Mediators in the Intervention Study	292	(8)
Summary	300	(13)
Common Themes, Future Directions	313	(14)
Marvin D. Krohn
Terence P. Thornberry
Different Designs	314	(1)
Similar Results	315	(4)
The Developmental Pattern of Delinquency	316	(1)
Parents, School, Peers, and Social Structure	316	(2)
Life-Course Transitions	318	(1)
Unexpected Results	319	(2)
General Conclusions	321	(2)
The Impact of Deviant Behavior	321	(1)
Continuity and Change	322	(1)
Future Directions	323	(2)
A Final Word	325	(2)
Index	327