Television Production

by HARRIS, PHILLIP L.

• ISBN13: 9781590704547
• ISBN10: 1590704541
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-02-15
• Publisher: Goodheart-Willcox Pub

Summary

Introduces students to the basic skills they need to enter the television production industry as a production assistant.

Table of Contents

The Television Production Industry	15	(16)
The Growth of Television Technology	16	(1)
Evolution of the Industry	17	(1)
Areas of Television Production	18	(5)
Commercial Broadcast Television	19	(1)
Subscriber Television	20	(1)
Educational Television	20	(1)
Industrial Television	20	(1)
Closed Circuit Television	21	(1)
Home Video	22	(1)
Video Production Companies	23	(1)
Television Program Origination	24	(4)
Syndication	26	(1)
Shopping for Programming	27	(1)
Financing the Programming Decisions	28	(1)
The Business of the Industry	29	(2)
Working in the Television Production Industry	31	(24)
Dividing Up the Work	32	(13)
Executive Producer	33	(1)
Producer	33	(2)
Director	35	(1)
Production Manager	36	(1)
Production Assistant	36	(1)
Floor Manager	37	(1)
Camera Operator	38	(1)
Video Engineer	39	(1)
Audio Engineer	40	(1)
Lighting Director	41	(1)
Scriptwriter	42	(1)
Graphic Artist	42	(1)
VTR Operator	42	(1)
Editor	42	(1)
Makeup Artist	43	(1)
CG Operator	44	(1)
Grip	44	(1)
Maintenance Engineer	44	(1)
Program Production Workflow	45	(10)
Program Proposals	45	(1)
Scriptwriting	46	(1)
Producing	46	(1)
Directing	46	(1)
Lighting	46	(1)
Scenery, Set Dressing, and Props	46	(2)
Costumes and Makeup	48	(1)
Graphics	48	(1)
Camera Operation	48	(2)
Audio Recording	50	(1)
Video Engineering	50	(1)
Special Effects	50	(1)
Editing	51	(1)
Duplication and Distribution	52	(3)
The Video Camera and Support Equipment	55	(24)
Types of Video Cameras	56	(4)
Studio Cameras	56	(2)
Camcorders	58	(1)
Convertible Cameras	59	(1)
The Parts of the Camera	60	(9)
Camera Head	60	(2)
Viewfinder	62	(1)
Camera Lens	62	(7)
Recorder	69	(1)
Mounting the Camera	69	(6)
Hand-Held Shooting	69	(4)
Tripod Shooting	73	(2)
Camera Care and Maintenance	75	(4)
Cleaning a Dirty Lens	75	(1)
Post-Production Camera Care	76	(3)
Video Camera Operations	79	(24)
Composing Good Pictures	80	(6)
Pre-Focusing Zoom Lenses	80	(1)
Depth of Field	80	(4)
Lines of Interest	84	(1)
Action	84	(1)
Head Room	85	(1)
Nose Room	86	(1)
Calling the Shots	86	(9)
Wide Shots	88	(2)
Individual Subject Shots	90	(3)
Multiple Subject Shots	93	(1)
Specific View Shots	94	(1)
Camera Movement	95	(3)
Psychology of Presentation	98	(5)
Videotape and Recorders	103	(20)
Videotape Quality	104	(1)
Video Heads and Helical Scan	105	(1)
Dirty Video Heads	106	(4)
Cleaning Video Heads	107	(3)
Videotape Widths and Formats	110	(4)
Videotape Reels	110	(1)
Videocassettes	111	(1)
Digital Formats	112	(1)
Compatibility	113	(1)
Control Track	114	(2)
Inputs and Outputs	116	(1)
Test Recordings	116	(1)
Radio Frequency	117	(1)
Recording Audio and Video	118	(5)
Heads and Tails	119	(1)
Audio Levels	120	(3)
Audio Basics	123	(24)
The Functions of Sound for Television	124	(2)
Sound Frequency	125	(1)
Types of Microphones	126	(4)
Dynamic Microphones	126	(1)
Condenser Microphones	127	(1)
Ribbon Microphone	127	(1)
Non-Professional Microphones	128	(1)
Specialized Microphones	128	(2)
Pick-Up Pattern	130	(3)
Mics on the Set	133	(1)
Mics on Talent	134	(1)
Handling and Care of Microphones	134	(1)
Proper Use of Microphones	135	(2)
Impedance	137	(1)
Levels	137	(1)
Mixers	137	(2)
Automatic Gain Control	139	(1)
Connectors	139	(8)
BNC Connector	140	(1)
DIN Connector	140	(1)
F-Connector	141	(1)
Phone Connector	142	(1)
Mini Connector	142	(1)
Phono Connector	142	(1)
PL259 Connector	142	(1)
Y/C Connector	142	(1)
XLR Connector	143	(1)
T-Connector	143	(1)
Y-Connector	143	(1)
Adapters	143	(4)
Scriptwriting	147	(22)
Program Formats	148	(5)
Visualization	153	(1)
Storyboards	153	(1)
The Program Proposal	154	(1)
Research	155	(1)
The Outline	155	(3)
Drama Outline	156	(1)
Panel Discussion or Interview Outline	156	(1)
Music Video Outline	157	(1)
Expanding an Outline	157	(1)
Writing the Script	158	(1)
Types of Scripts	158	(7)
Word-for-Word Script	160	(1)
Outline Script	160	(4)
Format Script	164	(1)
Writing Style	165	(1)
Word Processing Programs	165	(1)
The Montage	166	(3)
Image Display	169	(18)
Copyright	170	(1)
Still Photos	170	(2)
Motion Picture Film	172	(1)
Text	173	(2)
Contrast Ratio	175	(5)
Popping the Contrast Ratio	178	(2)
Aspect Ratio	180	(3)
Essential Area	183	(1)
Character Generator	183	(4)
Lighting	187	(28)
Using Professional Terms	188	(1)
Types of Light	189	(1)
Types of Lighting Instruments	190	(2)
Accessories	192	(2)
Fluorescent Instruments	194	(1)
Supports for Lighting Instruments	195	(2)
Colors of Light	197	(4)
White Light	198	(2)
Colored Light	200	(1)
Lighting Intensity	201	(3)
Move the Instrument	201	(1)
Replace the Lamp	202	(1)
Use a Diffusion Device	202	(1)
Use Bounce Lighting	203	(1)
Use a Dimmer	203	(1)
Preserving the Life of Incandescent Lamps	204	(1)
Planning the Set Lighting	205	(2)
Techniques of Television Lighting	207	(3)
Three-Point Lighting	207	(2)
Four-Point Lighting	209	(1)
Cross-Key Lighting	210	(1)
Contrast Ratio	210	(1)
Lighting Check	211	(4)
Studio and Remote Shooting	215	(16)
The Production Meeting	216	(1)
Studio Shooting	217	(7)
The Studio Environment	217	(4)
The Control Room	221	(1)
The Audio Booth	222	(1)
Master Control Room	222	(1)
Specialized Areas	223	(1)
Remote Shooting	224	(2)
Types of Remote Shoots	224	(1)
The Location Survey	225	(1)
Comparing Studio and Remote Shooting	226	(5)
Advantages of the Studio Shoot	226	(1)
Disadvantages of the Studio Shoot	227	(1)
Advantages of a Remote Shoot	228	(1)
Disadvantages of a Remote Shoot	228	(3)
Remote Shooting	231	(14)
Camera Mounts	232	(3)
Lighting for a Remote Shoot	235	(1)
Audio	236	(1)
Power	237	(1)
Batteries	238	(1)
General Cautions	238	(1)
Cold Temperatures and Batteries	239	(1)
Condensation	239	(1)
Remote Shooting Techniques	240	(5)
Multi-Camera Shooting	241	(1)
Single-Camera Shooting	242	(3)
Props, Set Dressing, and Scenery	245	(10)
Creating the Set Design	246	(5)
Furniture	247	(2)
Props	249	(1)
Flats, Curtains, and Backdrops	250	(1)
Visual Design Considerations	251	(4)
The 3-D Effect	251	(1)
Patterns	252	(3)
Production Staging and Interacting with Talent	255	(24)
Areas on a Set	256	(1)
Camera Staging	257	(8)
Vector Line	260	(1)
Cutaways	261	(1)
The Jump Cut	262	(2)
Production Equipment in the Shot	264	(1)
Talent Placement	265	(7)
Staging for a Two-Person Interview	267	(1)
Staging for a Three-Person Interview	268	(1)
Dramatic Programming	269	(1)
Non-Dramatic Programming	270	(2)
Staff and Talent Interaction	272	(7)
Managing Guest Talent	272	(3)
Working with Non-Professional Talent	275	(1)
Headphone Etiquette	276	(3)
Directing	279	(16)
The Director's Role in Pre-Production	280	(6)
Script Breakdowns	280	(4)
Marking the Script	284	(1)
Set Design	284	(1)
Auditions	285	(1)
Pre-Production Meeting	286	(1)
The Director's Role in Production	286	(4)
Shooting for the Edit	288	(1)
Multiple Takes	288	(2)
Post-Production	290	(1)
Starting Something You Can Actually Finish	290	(1)
Being an Effective Director	291	(4)
Makeup Application and Costume Considerations	295	(18)
Why Is Makeup Necessary on Television?	296	(1)
Stage Makeup	297	(1)
Television Makeup	297	(1)
Makeup Styles	298	(2)
Application Techniques	298	(2)
Makeup Products	300	(1)
Creme Makeup	300	(1)
Pancake Makeup	300	(1)
Makeup Application	301	(6)
First Makeup Layer	302	(1)
Second Makeup Layer	303	(2)
Third Makeup Layer	305	(1)
Fourth Makeup Layer	306	(1)
Makeup Removal	307	(1)
Makeup Application Considerations	307	(2)
Eyes	307	(2)
Skin Sensitivity or Allergies	309	(1)
Men and Makeup	309	(1)
Costume Selection	309	(2)
Planning for Productions	311	(2)
Music	313	(8)
Using Music in a Production	314	(2)
Guidelines for Using Background Music	314	(1)
Exceptions to the Rules	315	(1)
Sources of Music	316	(5)
Recorded and Copyrighted Music	317	(1)
Sheet Music	317	(1)
Original Music	318	(1)
Music in the Public Domain	318	(1)
Music Libraries	319	(2)
Video Switchers and Special Effects Generators	321	(16)
The Video Switcher	322	(4)
Video Switcher Controls	323	(1)
Video Switcher Operation	324	(2)
The Special Effects Generator (SEG)	326	(11)
Components of a SEG	329	(3)
Banks	332	(1)
Black Video	332	(1)
Preview Monitor	333	(1)
Cut Bar	334	(3)
Electronic Special Effects	337	(18)
Analog Special Effects	338	(11)
Wipes	338	(3)
Superimpositions	341	(1)
Keys	342	(7)
Pixels and Digital Video	349	(6)
Digital Video Effects	350	(5)
Video Editing	355	(24)
Editing Systems	356	(4)
Linear Editing Systems	356	(3)
Nonlinear Editing Systems	359	(1)
Program Editing Basics	360	(5)
Previewing the Raw Tapes	360	(1)
Screen Time	361	(1)
Editing and Action	361	(2)
Editing Transitions	363	(1)
Videotape Generation Losses	364	(1)
Linear Editing	365	(6)
The Control Track and Time Coding	365	(1)
Blacking the Tape	366	(1)
Marking the Edit Points	367	(1)
Backspace and Pre-Roll	368	(1)
Previewing an Edit	369	(1)
Perform Edit	370	(1)
Review Edit	370	(1)
Linear Editing Methods	371	(2)
Assemble Editing and Insert Editing	371	(2)
Nonlinear Editing	373	(6)
Uploading and Digitizing	374	(1)
Timeline Creation	375	(1)
Effects and Transitions	375	(1)
Offloading	376	(3)
Getting Technical--The Video Signal	379	(13)
How the Television Picture Is Made	380	(2)
Developing the Technology	381	(1)
Video Scanning Signals	382	(1)
Frames and Fields	382	(1)
Sync	383	(1)
Waveform Monitor and Vectorscope	384	(2)
Preparing for the Future	386	(6)
Video Format	386	(2)
Home Video Equipment	388	(4)
Glossary	392	(18)
Index	410