Terrorism in Perspective

by Sue Mahan

Edition:

2nd

ISBN13:

9781412950152

ISBN10:

1412950155

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

9/10/2007

Publisher(s):

SAGE Publications, Inc

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Summary

The Second Edition of Terrorism in Perspective offers undergraduate and graduate students a comprehensive overview of global and domestic terrorism. Each chapter is introduced with a rich overview of the issues, actors and actions specific to the topic under discussion, providing students with context prior to articles culled from a wide variety of popular, academic, and governmental sources. These previously published articles were selected to deepen the reader's understanding of terrorism by focusing more intently on specific themes. Chapter topics include homegrown terrorism, international terrorism, female involvement in terrorism, the symbiotic relationship between the media and terrorism, and both conventional and non-conventional terrorist tactics. New to the Second Edition Reorganized to build a foundation from the outset: Starts with more foundational chapters that provide a framework for later discussion of more supplementary terrorism issues. Examines the "what, where, and why" of terrorism: A new chapter (Chapter 1) provides a solid foundation for the rest of the book covering issues related to the definition of terrorism; the quantity, location and type of terrorists incidents around the globe; and the sociological and criminological theories that help explain terrorism. Provides the most updated and comprehensive coverage of key terrorism topics, including expanded discussion of state-sponsored terrorism: Numerous updated reprinted articles analyzing current events in terrorism, including reprints by Jessica Stern (Chapter 4), Bruce Hoffman (Chapter 4), and Peter Bergen and Alec Reynolds (Chapter 9). Offers a deeper focus on suicide bombing and a greater focus on al-Qaeda

List of Maps	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xi
Introduction	p. xiii
Looking Back at 9/11	p. xiv
9/11: The Aftermath	p. xv
Chapter Outline	p. xvi
What Is Terrorism?	p. 1
Definitions of Terrorism	p. 1
U.S. Government Definitions	p. 3
Scholarly Definitions	p. 4
Commonalities in Definitions	p. 5
Incidents of Terrorism	p. 5
Motivation	p. 9
Collective Explanations	p. 9
Individual Explanations	p. 10
Moral Explanations	p. 11
Useful Explanations	p. 12
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 13
Exploring the What of Terrorism Further	p. 14
Video Notes	p. 14
Terrorism: The Problem of Definition Revisited	p. 15
The Logic of Terrorism: Terrorist Behavior as a Product of Strategic Choice	p. 24
History of Terrorism	p. 35
Early Justifications for Terrorism	p. 35
Religious Terrorism: Guy Fawkes and the Gunpowder Plot	p. 36
State-Sponsored Terrorism: The French Revolution	p. 38
Political Terrorism: Anarchists and Propaganda by Deed	p. 39
Political Terrorism of the Russian Narodnaya Volya	p. 40
Terrorism and Colonialism: The Philosophy of the Bomb	p. 41
Colonialism and Indian Terrorism	p. 41
Colonialism, Racism, and Algerian Terrorism	p. 42
Colonialism Makes Latin America a Hotbed of Terrorism	p. 43
Lessons Learned From History	p. 44
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 44
Exploring the History of Terrorism Further	p. 46
Video Notes	p. 46
Fear and Trembling: Terrorism in Three Religious Traditions	p. 47
The Spirit of Despotism: Understanding the Tyrant Within	p. 69
International Terrorism	p. 85
Terrorism Around the World	p. 86
State-Sponsored Terrorism	p. 88
Religious Fanaticism: An Old Trend and a New Threat	p. 90
A Few Infamous Terrorists	p. 90
Che Guevara	p. 91
Carlos the Jackal	p. 92
Osama bin Laden	p. 93
Velupillai Prabhakaran	p. 95
Subcomandante Marcos	p. 96
An Infamous Terrorist Attack: Pan Am Flight 103	p. 97
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 98
Exploring Global Terrorism Further	p. 99
Video Notes	p. 100
The Interaction of Narcotics and Conflict	p. 101
Mapping Jihadist Terrorism in Spain	p. 110
Terrorist Tactics Around the Globe	p. 129
Children at War	p. 130
Financing Terrorist Networks	p. 133
Conventional Tactics Becoming More Deadly	p. 134
Leaderless Resistance	p. 136
Guidebooks of Terror Tactics	p. 136
The Basics	p. 137
Assassinations	p. 137
Hijacking	p. 138
Kidnapping and Hostage Taking	p. 140
Bombing	p. 141
Suicide Terrorism	p. 141
Female Suicide Bombers	p. 143
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 143
Exploring Conventional Terrorist Tactics Further	p. 144
Video Notes	p. 144
The Logic of Suicide Terrorism	p. 145
The Ultimate Organization: Networks, Franchises, and Freelancers	p. 154
Homegrown Terrorism in the United States	p. 181
State-Sponsored Terrorism	p. 183
Leftist Class Struggles	p. 184
Anarchists/Ecoterrorists	p. 185
Racial Supremacy	p. 187
Religious Extremists	p. 188
The New Century	p. 188
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 189
Exploring Homegrown Terrorism Further	p. 189
Video Notes	p. 190
Political Eschatology: A Theology of Antigovernment Extremism	p. 191
Eco-Terrorism or Justified Resistance? Radical Environmentalism and the "War on Terror"	p. 204
Media Coverage of Terrorism	p. 219
Media, Law, and Terrorism	p. 220
Irresponsible Reporting	p. 221
Interfering in State Operations Against Terrorism	p. 221
Cooperating With Terrorists or With Governmental Control	p. 223
Selling Terrorism: Commercial and Political Interests in Media Reports	p. 224
Making Martyrs: Terrorists and the Death Penalty	p. 225
Competing Concerns	p. 228
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 229
Exploring Media and Terrorism Further	p. 230
Video Notes	p. 231
Filling the 24 x 7 News Hole: Television News Coverage Following September 11	p. 232
Terrorism and Censorship: The Media in Chains	p. 242
Women Terrorists	p. 247
The Black Widows of Chechnya	p. 247
Females as Terrorists	p. 249
Roles and Activities for Female Terrorists	p. 250
Sympathizers	p. 250
Spies	p. 251
Warriors	p. 251
Dominant Forces	p. 251
Two Exceptional Terrorist Groups	p. 252
The RAF in Germany	p. 253
The Sendero Luminoso in Peru	p. 253
Two Female Terrorists	p. 253
Ulrike Meinhof	p. 253
Augusta La Torre Guzman	p. 253
Ideology and Female Terrorists	p. 255
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 255
Exploring Women as Terrorists Further	p. 256
Video Notes	p. 257
The Portrayal of Female Terrorists in the Media: Similar Framing Patterns in the News Coverage of Women in Politics and in Terrorism	p. 258
Women and Organized Racial Terrorism in the United States	p. 271
Technology and Terrorism	p. 283
CBRNE	p. 284
Chemical Weapons	p. 284
Biological Weapons	p. 285
Radiological Weapons	p. 286
Nuclear Weapons	p. 288
Explosive Devices	p. 288
How Real Is the Threat?	p. 288
The Internet and Terrorism	p. 289
Digital Terrorism	p. 289
How Real Is the Threat?	p. 290
Aum Shinrikyo: A Terrorist Cult	p. 290
Shoko Asahara: A Chaotic Leader	p. 291
From Bizarre to Dangerous	p. 291
The Attack	p. 293
The Aftermath	p. 293
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 294
Exploring Technology and Terrorists Further	p. 294
Video Notes	p. 295
The Sarin Gas Attacks on the Tokyo Subway-10 Years Later/Lessons Learned	p. 296
Intelligence Estimates of Nuclear Terrorism	p. 308
Counterterrorism	p. 319
Counterterrorism and Foreign Policy	p. 320
A Global Perspective on Transnational Terrorism	p. 320
The United Nations' Response to Terrorism	p. 322
International Cooperation and the Use of Military Forces	p. 323
The High Cost of Retaliation	p. 324
Domestic Counterterrorism	p. 325
Legislating Against Terrorism	p. 326
Controversial Detentions and Military Tribunals	p. 330
Law Enforcement Information Sharing	p. 332
Three Infamous Cases From the U.S. History of Counterterrorism	p. 334
Highlights of Reprinted Articles	p. 336
Exploring Counterterrorism Further	p. 337
Video Notes	p. 337
Blowback Revisited	p. 338
War v. Justice: Terrorism Cases, Enemy Combatants, and Political Justice in U.S. Courts	p. 342
Locations of Worldwide Terrorist Activity (Maps 1-8)	p. 365
United Nations General Assembly Adopts Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy	p. 375
Video Notes	p. 385
Photo Credits	p. 387
References	p. 389
Index	p. 405
About the Authors	p. 421
About the Contributors	p. 423
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