Trading in Genes

by Melendez-Ortiz, Ricardo; Sanchez, Vicente

• ISBN13: 9781844070282
• ISBN10: 184407028X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-10-30
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Sustaining the new bioeconomy requires a global biotechnology governance regime to bring a large number of developing countries into the global trading system. Failure to do so will create a "genetic divide" among countries and is likely to intensify public opposition to biotechnology. This unique interdisciplinary collection of perspectives from the developing world on the debates over the relationships between biotechnology, biosafety, sustainable development and trade seeks to bridge the gap between the different areas of regulatory activities and academic research, and between the various stakeholders in the debate. Leading experts, writing for the influential International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, examine: the risks and opportunities of biotechnology; biosafety; intellectual property rights and related issues of access to genetic resources, benefit-sharing and traditional knowledge; biotechnological development; capacity building; the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety; relevant WTO provisions; and developing countries' options in the WTO context.

Table of Contents

List of Boxes, Figures and Tables	vii
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations	ix
List of Contributors	xv
Preface	xxi
PART ONE WEIGHING BIOTECHNOLOGY ON THE SCALES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1 Developing Countries in the Global Bioeconomy: Emerging Issues	3	(16)
Calestous Juma and Victor Konde
2 From Biotech Innovation to the Market: Economic Factors Driving the South's Competitiveness in Biotechnology	19	(18)
Carlos M. Correa
3 Biotechnology: A Turning Point in Development or an Opportunity that Will Be Missed?	37	(20)
Joseph Gopo and Patricia Kameri-Mbote
4 Trade in Biotechnology: Development and the Clash of Collective Preferences	57	(20)
Heike Baumüller
5 Benefiting from Agricultural Biotechnology: Challenges for Developing Countries	77	(12)
Padmashree Gehl Sampath
6 Approaching Biotechnology: Experiences from Brazil and Argentina	89	(20)
Mauricio Antônio Lopes and Maria José Amstalden Moraes Sampaio (Brazil) Eduardo Trigo, Daniel Chudnovsky, Eugenio Cap and Andrés López (Argentina)
7 Addressing Challenges of Tropical Agriculture: Colombia's Cassava Case	109	(14)
Paul Chavarriaga-Aguirre, Douglas Pachico and Joe Tohme
PART TWO TRADE IN BIOTECHNOLOGY: NEW CHALLENGES IN AN OLD PLAYGROUND
8 Intellectual Property and Biotechnology: Trade Interests of Developing Countries	123	(16)
Jayashree Watal
9 Closing in on Biopiracy: Legal Dilemmas and Opportunities for the South	139	(14)
Jakkrit Kuanpoth
10 Balancing Biosafety and Trade: The Negotiating History of the Cartagena Protocol	153	(18)
Juan Mayr and Adriana Soto
11 The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety: A New Hot Spot in the Trade—Environment Conflict?	171	(28)
Veit Koester
12 Building Sound Governance Structures for the Safe Application of Biotechnology	199	(18)
Arturo Martinez and Kakoli Ghosh
13 Regulating Trade in GMOs: Biotechnology and the WTO	217	(18)
Christiane Wolff
14 The Emerging Global Biotech Trade Regime: A Developing Country Perspective	235	(18)
Atul Kaushik
APPENDICES
I International Legal Frameworks for Biotechnology, Biosafety and Trade	253	(6)
II National Legal Frameworks for Biotechnology, Biosafety and Trade	259	(12)
III Participants at the ICTSD dialogue on 'Biotechnology, Biosafety and Trade: Issues for Developing Countries'	271	(4)
Selected Readings on Biotechnology, Biosafety and Trade	275	(10)
Index	285