Tradition and Diversity: Christianity in a World Context to 1500

by Jolly,Karen Louise

• ISBN13: 9781563244674
• ISBN10: 1563244675
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1996-04-30
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

A primary source reader of 100 selections that addresses medieval Christendom in the context of world history. It combines the traditional material (from medieval church hierarchical and theological documents) with the newer material of cultural studies -- diversity within European Christianity (women mystics, heretics, and popular religion), and diversity without (non-European Christianity and relations with Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism). Each chapter offers -- a central theme and a chapter-ending essay that ties together the readings; -- five topics section; -- introductory material for each reading, including the selection's provenance, authorship, and historical context.

Table of Contents

Abbreviations	xi	(2)
Foreword	xiii
Kevin Reilly
Introduction	3	(10)
PART 1. ORTHODOXY AND HETERODOXY: Foundations of Christianity, circa 50-450 C.E.	13	(86)
1. Jew and Gentile: Early Origins of Christianity	15	(12)
1.1 Jesus Was Jewish: John's Story of the Samaritan Woman at the Well	16	(3)
1.2 The Gospel According to Paul: Jew and Gentile in Galatians	19	(3)
1.3 Ritual Practice: The Baptism Ceremony of Hippolytus	22	(5)
2. Christian and Roman: Conflict and Assimilation	27	(25)
2.1 Persecution: Dionysius the Wise, Patriarch of Alexandria	28	(6)
2.2 Revelation versus Reason: Tertullian and Clement	34	(5)
2.3 Converting the Empire: Eusebius's Account of Constantine and Helen	39	(6)
2.4 Roman versus Christian: The Altar of Victory Dispute	45	(7)
3. Heterodoxy and Orthodoxy: Defining Heresy	52	(21)
3.1 Syrian Gnosticism: Book of Thomas the Contender	53	(5)
3.2 Origenism: The End of the World	58	(5)
3.3 Arianism: Arius and the Nicene Creed	63	(3)
3.4 Nestorians: Nestorius, Cyril, and Chalcedon	66	(7)
4. Life and Death: The Body and Resurrection	73	(26)
4.1 Heroic Martyrdom: Perpetua	74	(10)
4.2 Contemplative Death: Macrina	84	(12)
4.3 Hope of Resurrection: Tomb Inscriptions	96	(3)
PART 2. PATTERNS OF ACCOMMODATION IN LATE ANTIQUITY, circa 350-750	99	(114)
5. The Heritage of the Middle Ages	101	(28)
5.1 Creating an Authoritative Bible: Jerome	101	(4)
5.2 The Two Cities: Augustine of Hippo	105	(10)
5.3 Neoplatonic Mysticism: Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite	115	(7)
5.4 The Consolation of Philosophy: Boethius	122	(7)
6. The Power of Christian Saints: Monks, Relics, and Icons	129	(31)
6.1 Desert Fathers and Mothers: Abba Anthony and Amma Syncletica	130	(5)
6.2 The Monastic Exemplar: The Life of Saint Benedict and The Rule of Saint Benedict	135	(12)
6.3 Relics and Pilgrimage: The Martinellus of Saint Martin of Tours	147	(7)
6.4 Byzantine Worship: The Debate over Iconoclasm	154	(6)
7. Adaptations of Christianity Outside the Roman World	160	(24)
7.1 Saintly Heroes in Ethiopia: The Book of the Saints of the Ethiopian Church	161	(4)
7.2 The Conversion of Nubia: John of Ephesus on Justinian and Theodora's Competition	165	(6)
7.3 Heroic Martyrs in South Arabia: The Women of Najran	171	(7)
7.4 Nestorian Christians in China: Stele	178	(6)
8. Christian Acculturation in Western Europe	184	(29)
8.1 Celtic Christianity and Hermetic Life: Saint Columba's Rule	185	(3)
8.2 Frankish Christianity: Gregory of Tours on Clovis and Clotilda	188	(6)
8.3 Anglo-Saxon Christianity: Bede on Edwin and Ethelberga	194	(11)
8.4 Saxon Missions: Boniface and Leoba	205	(8)
PART 3. CHRISTIAN SOCIETY IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES, circa 600-1050	213	(90)
9. Christian Kingship and Society	215	(23)
9.1 Theories of Authority and Power: Pope Gelasius I and Emperor Justinian	216	(2)
9.2 Royal Rituals and Laws: Visigothic Spain	218	(9)
9.3 Christian Emperor: Views on the Coronation of Charlemagne	227	(4)
9.4 Christian King: Alfred the Great	231	(7)
10. Christian Education and Theology	238	(17)
10.1 The Carolingian Renaissance: Charlemagne and Alcuin	239	(4)
10.2 Renaissance Theology: John Scottus Eriugena	243	(5)
10.3 Vernacular Learning: Alfred's Program	248	(7)
11. Christian Practice and Literature	255	(28)
11.1 Sermons: AElfric of Eynsham	255	(5)
11.2 Liturgy: Rites for the Living and the Dead	260	(3)
11.3 Christian Poetry: The Dream of the Rood	263	(6)
11.4 Christian Drama: Hrotsvit of Gandersheim, Abraham	269	(14)
12. Christian Diversity and Accommodation	283	(20)
12.1 Conversion by Treaty: The Vikings	284	(4)
12.2 Animism and Accommodation: Charms	288	(4)
12.3 Dialogue: The Dispute of the Church and the Synagogue	292	(2)
12.4 Debate: Patriarch Timothy and Caliph Mahdi	294	(9)
PART 4. THE SPIRIT OF ORDER AND PROPHECY, circa 1050-1200	303	(82)
13. Corporate and Individual Reform	305	(28)
13.1 The Contest: Gregory VII and Henry IV	307	(7)
13.2 Alternatives: Paschal II and Henry V	314	(3)
13.3 Holy Places: The Pilgrim's Guide to Santiago de Compostela	317	(4)
13.4 Holy Women: The Beguine Marie d'Oignies	321	(12)
14. Christians, Muslims, and Jews: Views of the Crusades	333	(17)
14.1 The European View of the Crusades: Pope Urban II's Call to the First Crusade	334	(3)
14.2 The Jewish View of the Crusades: Solomon bar Simson and Sefer Zekhirah	337	(9)
14.3 The Islamic View of the Crusades: Usama ibn Munqidh	346	(2)
14.4 Encounter with a Nubian: Robert of Clari on the Fourth Crusade	348	(2)
15. Ways of Knowing: Faith and Reason	350	(19)
15.1 Faith and Reason: Anselm	351	(4)
15.2 Dialectics: Abelard	355	(2)
15.3 Aristotelianism: A verroes	357	(6)
15.4 God and Philosophy: Moses Maimonides	363	(6)
16. Individual Diversity: Bernard of Clairvaux and Hildegard of Bingen	369	(16)
16.1 Hildegard on the Church: To Priests and Popes	370	(2)
16.2 Bernard and the Crusades: On Christian Knighthood	372	(1)
16.3 Hildegard's Physiology: Causae et Curae	373	(2)
16.4 Bernard's Way of Knowing: On the Song of Songs	375	(7)
16.5 Hildegard's Lyrics: Eucharius	382	(3)
PART 5. NEW PATHS OF ORDER AND PROPHECY, circa 1200-1300	385	(90)
17. Orthodox Reform: Popes, Mendicants, and Scholars	387	(25)
17.1 Papal Monarchy: Innocent III and the Fourth Lateran Council	388	(7)
17.2 Franciscan Spirituality: Francis and Clare	395	(5)
17.3 Mendicant Scholarship: Bonaventure	400	(5)
17.4 Intellectual Synthesis: Thomas Aquinas	405	(7)
18. Over the Line: Heretics, Inquisitors, and Other Radicals	412	(18)
18.1 Heresy and Inquisition: Waldensians and Albigensians	413	(4)
18.2 Spiritual Franciscans: Na Prous Boneta	417	(7)
18.3 Political Challenges: Marsilius of Padua	424	(6)
19. Popular Religion: Story and Poetry	430	(27)
19.1 Preacher's Tales: Caesarius of Heisterbach, Jacques de Vitry, Etienne de Bourbon	430	(6)
19.2 Monastic Simplicity: "Our Lady's Tumbler"	436	(9)
19.3 Popular Saints: The Golden Legend of Thomas Becket	445	(9)
19.4 Great Hymns of the Faith: Veni Sancte Spiritus	454	(3)
20. Cross-Cultural Exchange: Missions and Dialogue	457	(18)
20.1 Missions to the Mongols: John of Plano-Carpini	457	(4)
20.2 Buddhist-Christian Debate: William of Ruysbruck	461	(3)
20.3 Missions to India and China: John of Monte Corvino	464	(4)
20.4 Dialogue: Ibn Kammuna	468	(7)
PART 6. CHANGE AND CONTACT IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES, circa 1300-1500	475	(80)
21. Dissent and Reform in Late Medieval Christendom	477	(14)
21.1 Views of the Papacy: Dante and Petrarch	477	(6)
21.2 Papal Schism: The Conciliar Movement	483	(4)
21.3 A Lollard View of the Eucharist: Wickliff's Wicket	487	(4)
22. Diversity in Christianity: Late Medieval Spirituality	491	(19)
22.1 Contemplative Practice: John of Ruysbroeck	491	(7)
22.2 Anchoress: Julian of Norwich	498	(3)
22.3 Comforting the Condemned: Catherine of Siena	501	(4)
22.4 Divine Wisdom: Saint Gregory Palamas of Byzantium	505	(5)
23. Religious Expression: Ritual, Drama, and Story	510	(21)
23.1 Ritual: The Seven Sacraments Explained by Pope Eugene IV	510	(5)
23.2 Drama: The Chester Cycle, The Last Judgement	515	(11)
23.3 Story: Great John in Russia	526	(5)
24. Cross-Cultural Contact	531	(24)
24.1 The Black Death and Jews: Jean de Venette and Jacob von Konigshofen	531	(7)
24.2 Meeting Other Christians: Travels of Quirini in Norway	538	(5)
24.3 The Imagined World: Mandeville's Travels, on Prester John	543	(6)
24.4 Classifying the Other: Columbus's Journal	549	(6)
Recommended Readings	555	(6)
Index	561