Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery in Clinical Practice

by Wood, Paul R.; Mahoney, Peter F.; Cooper, Julian P.

• ISBN13: 9781848003385
• ISBN10: 1848003382
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-02-28
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery in Clinical Practice provides a practical working guide to the most important peri-operative issues and medical problems found in day-to-day ward management.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. v
Notes for the Reader	p. xi
The Orthopedic Ward, Orthopedic Patients, and Procedures
Patients and Procedures	p. 3
	p. 3
	p. 3
Orthopedic Glossary	p. 3
Radiology	p. 3
The Ward Team	p. 21
The Ward Round	p. 23
Patient Management
Preparing Patients for Operation	p. 29
Medical Preparation	p. 29
Consent and Identification	p. 52
Intravenous Fluids and Electrolytes	p. 57
Fluids Used in Routine Practice	p. 57
Fluid Management: Some Practical Observations	p. 60
Sodium and Potassium Disturbances on the Orthopedic Ward	p. 63
Analgesia	p. 65
Assessment of Pain	p. 65
Methods of Treating Pain	p. 66
Problems Associated With Analgesia	p. 68
Dressings, Drains, Plasters, and Tubes	p. 71
Special Patient Groups
The Patient With a Fractured Neck of Femur	p. 79
Surgical Classification of Proximal Femur Fractures	p. 79
Principles of Management	p. 81
Your Responsibilities	p. 83
Rheumatoid Arthritis	p. 87
General Considerations	p. 87
Preparation For Surgery	p. 87
Postoperative Care	p. 88
Hemophilia	p. 89
Background	p. 89
Orthopedic Presentation	p. 89
Preoperative Preparation	p. 90
Postoperative Care	p. 90
Problems and Complications: The Patient
Infection and Immunocompromise	p. 95
Definitions	p. 95
Vulnerability to Infection	p. 95
History and Examination	p. 96
Laboratory and Radiological Investigation of Infection	p. 96
Postoperative Infection	p. 96
Principles of Managing Infected or Immunocompromised Patients	p. 99
The Risk to Yourself	p. 101
Compartment Syndrome	p. 103
The Problem	p. 103
Causes	p. 103
Prevention	p. 104
Recognition	p. 104
Treatment	p. 105
Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism	p. 109
Deep Venous Thrombosis	p. 109
Pulmonary Embolus	p. 110
Fat Embolism	p. 113
Presentation	p. 113
Confirming the Diagnosis	p. 114
Treatment	p. 114
The Confused Patient	p. 115
Precipitating Factors	p. 115
The Alcoholic Patient	p. 116
Risks of Confusion	p. 116
Principles of Management of Confusion	p. 116
The Ill Patient and Medical Emergencies	p. 119
Principles of Management	p. 119
Medical Emergencies	p. 123
Problems With Blood Transfusion	p. 131
Pretransfusion	p. 132
Transfusion	p. 133
Posttransfusion	p. 133
Responding to a Transfusion Problem	p. 133
Problems and Complications: The Doctor
Medical Errors	p. 137
Background	p. 137
Causes of Medical Error and Avoiding Them	p. 137
What to Do If You Have Made a Mistake	p. 138
When Treatment Stops
Do Not Resuscitate Orders, Death Certification, and the Coroner	p. 143
When Further Treatment Is Thought Inappropriate	p. 143
Do Not Resuscitate Orders	p. 143
Certification of Death	p. 144
Cremation Certificates	p. 144
Postmortems	p. 144
Reporting to the Coroner	p. 144
Bibliography and Further Reading	p. 147
Index	p. 149
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