Using the McS-51 Microcontroller

by Huang, Han-Way

• ISBN13: 9780195125139
• ISBN10: 0195125134
• Edition: CD
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-12-16
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

This extensively detailed and comprehensive introduction to the Intel MCS-51 microcontroller covers both theoretical and design and implementation issues. The text begins with the MCS-51 CPU architecture and programming model and then discusses the details of the MCS-51 instruction set andassembly programming techniques. It goes on to cover the full spectrum of I/O functions of the MCS-51 variants, progressively developing topics from the simple to the complex; the author first deals with the general concept behind each I/O function, then discusses the specifics of the MCS-51.Numerous design examples and exercises illustrate the ideas presented, helping students to grasp key concepts and learn the applications. An ideal text for the first course in microprocessors or microcontrollers, Using the MCS-51 Microcontroller also includes extensive program and interfacingexamples and is a helpful reference for practicing engineers. Features DT Employs a pedagogically sound approach that first outlines basic issues and then discusses the specifics of the MCS-51 DT Provides complete coverage of I/O functions including parallel I/O ports, timer functions, serial communication ports, A/D converters, and serial expansion ports DT Incorporates several lab projects into most chapters DT Suggests several evaluation boards and software tools for program development and testing; offers a tutorial for using one of the evaluation boards and its software tools DT Supplemental CD includes an evaluation version of MCS-51 development tools so that readers can test their programs DT Emphasizes design analysis; examples include memory design timing analysis, Centronics interface timing analysis, i8255 interfacing timing verification, and LED and seven-segment display electrical load analysis DT Includes extensive examples covering keypad scanning debouncing, Centronics printer interface, memory system design verification, A/D conversion, D/A conversion, motor control, RS-232 standard, and more DT Solutions manual and transparencies available to adopters

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Introduction to the Intel MCS-51	1	(40)
Objectives	1	(1)
What is a Computer?	1	(6)
The Processor	1	(4)
Memory	5	(2)
The Computer's Software	7	(2)
The MCS-51 Memory Organization	9	(1)
The MCS-51 Registers	10	(2)
Memory Addressing	12	(1)
The MCS-51 Addressing Modes	13	(9)
Register Inherent	14	(1)
Direct	14	(1)
Immediate	15	(1)
Indirect	16	(1)
Indexed	17	(1)
Relative	17	(1)
Absolute	18	(1)
Long	19	(1)
Bit Inherent	20	(1)
Bit Direct	20	(2)
The MCS-51 Memory Spaces	22	(1)
A Sample of MCS-51 Instructions	23	(5)
The MOVE Instruction	23	(3)
The ADD Instruction	26	(1)
The SUB Instruction	27	(1)
The MCS-51 Machine Code	28	(8)
A Machine-Code Sequence	28	(1)
Decoding Machine Language Instructions	29	(2)
The Instruction Execution Cycle	31	(4)
Instruction Timing	35	(1)
Summary	36	(2)
Exercises	38	(3)
MCS-51 Assembly Programming	41	(72)
Objectives	41	(1)
Assembly Language Program Structure	41	(3)
Assembler Directives	44	(11)
Segment Control Directives	44	(3)
Symbol Definition Directives	47	(1)
Memory Initialization Directives	48	(1)
Memory Reservation Directives	49	(2)
Program Linkage Directives	51	(2)
Address Control Directives	53	(1)
Other Directives	53	(1)
Macro Definition Directives	54	(1)
Flowcharts	55	(1)
Writing Programs to Do Arithmetic	56	(11)
The Carry/Borrow Flag	57	(1)
Multiprecision Addition	58	(1)
Subtraction and the CY flag	59	(1)
Multiprecision Subtraction	60	(1)
Binary-Coded Decimal Addition	61	(3)
Multiplication and Division	64	(3)
Program Loops	67	(9)
Jump Instructions	69	(3)
Decrement and Increment Instructions	72	(1)
Instructions for Variable Initialization	73	(3)
Logical Operations	76	(1)
Rotate Instructions	77	(4)
Boolean Variable Manipulation Instructions	81	(2)
Program Execution Time	83	(2)
MCS-51 Development Tools	85	(22)
Software Tools	85	(3)
Hardware Development Tools	88	(1)
MCB520 Evaluation Board	88	(8)
Using the µ Vision	96	(9)
Other Evaluation Boards	105	(2)
Summary	107	(1)
Exercises	108	(2)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	110	(3)
Advanced Assembly Programming	113	(44)
Objectives	113	(1)
Introduction	113	(1)
Stack	113	(2)
Indexable Data Structures	115	(7)
Strings	122	(12)
Subroutines	134	(2)
Issues in Subroutine Calls	136	(1)
The Stack Frame	137	(1)
Examples of Subroutine Calls	138	(14)
Multiprecision Division	138	(3)
Average of Array	141	(1)
Bubble Sort	142	(5)
Calculating the Root-Mean-Square Value	147	(5)
Dual Data Pointers of the DS87C520 Microcontroller	152	(1)
Summary	153	(1)
Exercises	154	(1)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	155	(2)
Bus Cycles and Memory Expansion	157	(34)
Objectives	157	(1)
Introduction	157	(1)
Basics of Bus	158	(1)
Waveforms of Bus Signals	159	(1)
Bus Transactions	160	(2)
Bus Transaction Timing Diagram	162	(1)
A Summary of the MCS-51/52 Signal Pins	163	(3)
The 8XC51FX Bus Cycle Timing Diagram	166	(4)
Memory Terminology and SRAM	170	(9)
Memory Capacity and Organization	171	(1)
Memory Expansion Issues	172	(3)
The MSM5165AL SRAM	175	(4)
Memory System Design for MCS-51/52	179	(8)
Summary	187	(1)
Exercises	188	(3)
Interrupts, Resets, and Exception Processing	191	(17)
Objectives	191	(1)
Basics of Interrupts	191	(4)
What Is an Interrupt?	191	(1)
Why Interrupts?	192	(1)
Interrupt Maskability	192	(1)
Interrupt Priority	193	(1)
Interrupt Service	193	(1)
Interrupt Vector	193	(1)
Interrupt Programming	194	(1)
Interrupt Overhead	195	(1)
Resets	195	(1)
MCS-51 Interrupts	196	(4)
The MCS-51/52 Interrupt Priority Structure	198	(1)
How Interrupts Are Handled	198	(2)
External Interrupts	200	(1)
Single-Step Operation	200	(1)
The MCS-51/52 Reset	200	(2)
Power-On Reset	201	(1)
Power-Saving Modes of Operation	202	(2)
Idle Mode	202	(1)
Power-Down Mode	203	(1)
MCS-51/52 Interrupt Programming	204	(1)
Summary	205	(1)
Exercises	206	(1)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	207	(1)
Parallel I/O Ports	208	(53)
Objectives	208	(1)
Basic I/O Concepts	208	(1)
I/O Addressing	209	(1)
I/O Transfer Synchronization	210	(3)
Synchronizing the Microprocessor and the Interface Chip	210	(1)
Synchronizing the Interface Chip and the I/O Devices	211	(2)
MCS-51/52 Parallel I/O Overview	213	(3)
Port Structures and Operation	213	(1)
I/O Configurations	214	(2)
Simple Input Devices	216	(1)
Interfacing Parallel Ports with the Keyboard	217	(7)
Keypad Scanning Techniques	218	(2)
Keyboard Debouncing	220	(4)
ASCII Code Table Lookup	224	(1)
Simple Output Devices	224	(16)
A Single LED	225	(1)
The Seven-Segment Display	226	(5)
Driving Liquid-Crystal Displays Using the MCS-51/52 Parallel Ports	231	(3)
Interfacing with the D/A Converter (DAC) Using the MCS-51/52 Parallel Ports	234	(6)
The 18255 Programmable Peripheral Interface	240	(16)
Operation of the i8255	241	(1)
i8255 Operation Modes	241	(6)
Interfacing the i8255 with the 87C51FX	247	(4)
Centronics Printer Interface	251	(5)
Summary	256	(1)
Exercises	256	(2)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	258	(3)
Timer Function	261	(59)
Objectives	261	(1)
Introduction	261	(2)
Timer 0 and Timer 1	263	(8)
Timer 0 and Timer 1 Operation Modes	264	(2)
Applications of Timer 0 and Timer 1	266	(5)
Timer 2	271	(11)
Timer 2 Capture Mode	271	(1)
Timer 2 Auto-Reload Mode (Up or Down Counter)	271	(3)
Timer 2 Baud Rate Generation Mode	274	(1)
Programmable Clock Out	274	(1)
Applications of Timer 2	275	(7)
Programmable Counter Array	282	(16)
PCA 16-Bit Timer/Counter	284	(1)
Capture/Compare Modules	285	(2)
Sixteen-Bit Capture Mode	287	(4)
Sixteen-Bit Software Timer and High Speed Output	291	(4)
Pulse Width Modulation Mode	295	(2)
Watchdog Timer Mode	297	(1)
Motor Control	298	(16)
The Step Motor	298	(8)
DC Motors	306	(8)
DS87C520 Timers	314	(1)
Summary	315	(2)
Exercises	317	(1)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	318	(2)
Analog-to-Digital Converter	320	(34)
Objectives	320	(1)
Introduction	320	(1)
Successive-Approximation Method	321	(1)
Voltage Level Scaling and Shifting	322	(3)
Optimal Voltage Range for the A/D Converter	323	(1)
Voltage Scaling Circuit	323	(1)
Voltage Shifting Circuit	324	(1)
The Intel 8XC51GB A/D Converter	325	(3)
Registers Related to the A/D Converter	326	(1)
The Modes of the A/D Converter	326	(1)
A/D Converter Operating Condition	327	(1)
The Procedure for Using the A/D Converter	328	(1)
Measuring the Barometric Pressure	329	(6)
Measuring the Temperature	335	(5)
Measuring the Humidity	340	(4)
Using the External A/D Converter ADC0820	344	(6)
Pin Functions of the AD0820	344	(2)
Digital Interface	346	(3)
Interfacing the ADC0820 with the 87C51FB	349	(1)
Summary	350	(1)
Exercises	351	(1)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	352	(2)
Serial Communication Port	354	(35)
Objectives	354	(1)
Introduction	354	(2)
The EIA-232-E (Or RS-232) Standard	356	(10)
EIA-232-E Mechanical Characteristics	356	(1)
Functions of EIA-232-E Interchange Circuits	356	(4)
The EIA-232-E Procedural Characteristics	360	(2)
The EIA-232-E Electrical Characteristics	362	(2)
Data Transmission Errors	364	(1)
Null Modem Connection	364	(1)
Interfacing a Microprocessor with the EIA-232-E Interface	365	(1)
The MCS-51/52 Serial Interface	366	(4)
The Serial Port Control Register SCON	366	(1)
Serial Operation Modes	366	(1)
Baud Rates	367	(3)
The Detection of Start Bit and Determination of Bit Values	370	(1)
Multiprocessor Communications	370	(1)
Applications of Mode 0	370	(7)
X24C44 Serial Nonvolatile Static RAM	371	(1)
X24C44 Pin Descriptions	371	(1)
X24C44 Operation	371	(2)
The X24C44 Read and Write Timing	373	(1)
Interfacing the X24C44 with the MCS-51/52	374	(1)
Programming the X24C44 for Data Transfer	375	(2)
Applications of Mode 1	377	(6)
Applications of Mode 2 and Mode 3	383	(1)
The DS87C520 Serial Ports	384	(1)
Summary	384	(2)
Exercises	386	(1)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	387	(2)
Serial Expansion Port	389	(52)
Objectives	389	(1)
Introduction	389	(1)
The SEP-Related Registers	390	(1)
The SEP Operation	391	(1)
SEP-Compatible Peripheral Chips	391	(1)
Simulating the SEP	392	(5)
Interfacing the 74HC589 with the SEP	397	(5)
74HC589 Pins	398	(1)
Circuit Connections of the 74HC589 and the SEP	398	(4)
Interfacing the 74HC595 with the SEP	402	(4)
74HC595 Pins	402	(1)
Circuit Connections of the 74HC595 and the SEP	403	(3)
Interfacing with the Seven-Segment Display Driver MC14489	406	(9)
The Signal Pins of MC14489	406	(2)
The Operation of the MC14489	408	(4)
Cascading the MC14489s	412	(3)
The Xicor Serial E2Prom	415	(14)
Device Operation	415	(2)
Write Operations	417	(1)
Read Operations	418	(2)
Write Protect Register	420	(1)
Interfacing X24165 with the MCS-51/52	421	(8)
Interfacing with A/D Converters with Serial Interface	429	(4)
The ADC1031 Signal Pins	429	(1)
Device Operation	430	(1)
Using the ADC1031 to Measure Mass Airflow	430	(3)
D/A Converters with Serial Interface	433	(4)
The AD7303 Signal Pins	433	(1)
Functional Description	434	(1)
Interfacing the AD7303 with MCS-51 and 8XC51GB	435	(2)
Summary	437	(1)
Exercises	438	(1)
Lab Exercises and Assignments	439	(2)
Appendixes	441	(90)
Appendix A MCS-51 Instruction Execution Times	441	(4)
Appendix B Special Function Registers	445	(2)
Appendix C MCS-51/52 Interrupt Vectors	447	(1)
Appendix D Standard Values of Commercially Available Resistors	448	(1)
Appendix E Vendors of Software and Hardware Development Tools	449	(2)
Appendix F Summary of MCS-51 Variants	451	(7)
Appendix G MCS-51 Instruction Set	458	(33)
Appendix H Dallas DS87C520/DS8C520 Datasheet	491	(40)
Glossary	531	(9)
References	540	(1)
Index	541