Video Basics (with InfoTrac)

by Zettl, Herbert

• ISBN13: 9780534526245
• ISBN10: 0534526241
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-08-01
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Meeting the instructor's needs for a briefer book, this text distills video basics so that they can be covered in a single term. The book moves students from video concepts and processes to production tools and techniques, and finally, to the production environment (studio or field, inside or outside) and its effects. A more conceptual framework leads the student from the idea (what to create) to the image (how to create) on video.

Table of Contents

PART I Production Processes and People	1	(43)
The Production Process	4	(22)
The Effect-to-Cause Production Model	6	(13)
Basic Idea	8	(1)
Desired Effect: Defined Process Message	8	(2)
Cause: Medium Requirements	10	(2)
Script Formats	12	(4)
Real Effect: Actual Process Message	16	(1)
Evaluation	16	(3)
Generating Ideas	19	(7)
Clustering	20	(1)
Brainstorming	20	(6)
The Production Team: Who Does What When?	26	(17)
Team Members	28	(4)
Preproduction Team	28	(2)
Production Team	30	(1)
Postproduction Team	30	(2)
Passing the Buck	32	(4)
Taking and Sharing Responsibility	36	(2)
Production Schedule	38	(5)
Interview Time Line	38	(1)
Production Schedule: May 25---Interview (Studio 1)	39	(4)
PART II Image Creation and Control	43	(185)
Digital Video	46	(12)
Basic Image Formation	47	(4)
Scanning Process	48	(3)
Digital Television Scanning Systems	51	(1)
Primary Colors of Video	51	(1)
What is Digital?	52	(2)
The Difference Between Analog and Digital	52	(2)
Why Digital?	54	(4)
Quality	54	(1)
Compression and Signal Transport	54	(1)
Effects and Picture Manipulation	55	(3)
The Video Camera	58	(20)
Basic Camera Function and Elements	59	(9)
Function	60	(1)
The Lens	61	(4)
Beam Splitter	65	(1)
Imaging Device	66	(1)
Viewfinder	67	(1)
Types of Cameras	68	(10)
Studio Cameras	69	(2)
HDTV Cameras	71	(1)
ENG/EFP Cameras	72	(1)
Consumer Camcorder	73	(2)
What's the Difference?	75	(3)
Looking Through the Viewfinder	78	(30)
Framing a Shot	80	(15)
Aspect Ratio	80	(2)
Field of View	82	(2)
Vectors	84	(1)
Composition	85	(7)
Psychological Closure	92	(3)
Manipulating Picture Depth	95	(5)
Defining the Z-axis	96	(1)
Lenses and Z-axis Length	97	(1)
Lenses and Depth of Field	97	(2)
Lenses and Z-axis Speed	99	(1)
Controlling Camera and Object Motion	100	(8)
Controlling Camera Movement and Zooms	100	(2)
Controlling Object Motion	102	(6)
Operating the Camera	108	(30)
Basic Camera Movements	110	(4)
Camera Mounts and How to Use Them	114	(12)
The Handheld and Shoulder-Mounted Camera	114	(3)
The Tripod-Supported Camera	117	(4)
The Studio Pedestal	121	(2)
Special Camera Mounts	123	(3)
Operational Features	126	(5)
White-balancing	126	(1)
Focusing	127	(3)
Zooming	130	(1)
General Guidelines	131	(7)
Checklist: Camcorders and ENG/EFP Cameras	132	(1)
Checklist: Studio Cameras	133	(5)
Light, Color, Lighting	138	(38)
Light	140	(2)
Types of Light	140	(1)
Light Intensity	140	(1)
Contrast	141	(1)
Shadows	142	(5)
Attached Shadows	142	(3)
Cast Shadows	145	(1)
Falloff	146	(1)
Color	147	(3)
Additive and Subtractive Color Mixing	147	(1)
The Color Television Receiver and Generated Colors	148	(1)
Color Temperature and White-Balancing	148	(2)
Lighting Instruments	150	(8)
Spotlights	151	(3)
Floodlights	154	(4)
Lighting Techniques	158	(18)
Operation of Lights	158	(1)
Checklist: Lighting Safety	158	(2)
Studio Lighting	160	(5)
Field Lighting	165	(4)
Guidelines: Field Lighting	169	(1)
Measuring Illumination	170	(6)
Audio and Sound Control	176	(36)
Sound Pickup Principle	178	(1)
Microphones	179	(15)
How Well They Can Hear: Sound Pickup	179	(2)
How They Are Made	181	(2)
How They Are Used	183	(11)
Sound Control	194	(6)
The Audio Mixer	194	(2)
The Audio Console	196	(1)
Cables and Patch Panel	197	(3)
Sound Recording	200	(5)
Analog Recording Equipment	200	(2)
Digital Recording Equipment	202	(3)
Synthesized Sound	205	(1)
Sound Aesthetics	206	(6)
Environment	206	(1)
Figure-Ground	206	(1)
Perspective	207	(1)
Continuity	207	(1)
Energy	208	(4)
Video Effects	212	(16)
Standard Electronic Video Effects	214	(6)
Superimposition	214	(1)
Key	215	(3)
Wipe	218	(2)
Digital Effects	220	(8)
Digital Image Manipulation Equipment	220	(1)
Common Digital Video Effects	221	(2)
Synthetic Image Creation	223	(3)
Animation	226	(2)
PART III Video Recording, Switching, and Editing	228	(88)
Video Recording	230	(24)
Videotape-Recording Systems	232	(8)
Tape- and Disk-Based Recording Systems	232	(1)
Basic Videotape Tracks	232	(3)
Composite, Y/C Component, and RGB Component Systems	235	(2)
Types of Videotape Recorders	237	(1)
Time Base Corrector	238	(1)
Tape Formats	239	(1)
Videotape-Recording Process	240	(7)
The ``Before'' Checklist	240	(3)
The ``During'' Checklist	243	(3)
The ``After'' Checklist	246	(1)
Nonlinear Storage Systems	247	(2)
Computer Disks	247	(1)
Electronic Still Store System	248	(1)
Read/Write Optical Discs	248	(1)
CD-ROMs and DVDs	248	(1)
Use of Video Recording	249	(5)
Interactive Video	249	(1)
Multimedia	250	(4)
Switching and Postproduction Editing	254	(36)
Switching, or Instantaneous Editing	256	(9)
Basic Switcher Layout	256	(2)
Multifunction Switchers	258	(2)
Switcher Operation	260	(5)
Postproduction Editing	265	(25)
Linear Editing Systems	265	(9)
Nonlinear Editing Systems	274	(2)
Editing Preparations	276	(2)
Production Tips to Make Postproduction Easier	278	(4)
Off-line and On-line Editing	282	(8)
Editing Principles	290	(26)
Editing Purpose	291	(1)
Editing Functions	292	(2)
Combine	292	(1)
Condense	292	(1)
Correct	293	(1)
Build	293	(1)
Aesthetic Principles of Continuity Editing	294	(15)
Mental Map	294	(4)
Vectors	298	(5)
On- and Off-screen Positions	303	(6)
Aesthetic Principles of Complexity Editing	309	(7)
Intensifying the Event	309	(2)
Supplying Meaning	311	(5)
PART IV Talent and the Production Environment	316	(74)
Talent, Clothing, and Makeup	318	(22)
Performing Techniques	320	(10)
Performer and Camera	320	(2)
Audio and Lighting	322	(1)
Timing and Prompting	323	(7)
Acting Techniques	330	(3)
Environment and Audience	331	(1)
Small Screen and Close-ups	332	(1)
Repeating Action	332	(1)
Auditions	333	(1)
Clothing	333	(2)
Texture and Detail	334	(1)
Color	334	(1)
Makeup	335	(5)
Technical Requirements	335	(1)
Close-ups	335	(1)
Materials	336	(4)
Production Environment: The Studio	340	(28)
The Video Production Studio	342	(4)
Physical Layout	342	(3)
Major Installations	345	(1)
The Studio Control Room	346	(6)
Image Control	347	(4)
Sound Control	351	(1)
Master Control	352	(1)
Studio Support Areas	353	(1)
Scenery and Property Storage	353	(1)
Makeup	354	(1)
Scenery, Properties, and Set Dressings	354	(5)
Scenery	354	(4)
Properties	358	(1)
Set Dressings	359	(1)
Set Design	359	(9)
Process Message	359	(1)
Floor Plan	360	(2)
Prop List	362	(1)
Using the Floor Plan for Setup	362	(1)
Evaluating the Floor Plan	363	(5)
Field Production and Synthetic Environments	368	(22)
Electronic News Gathering	370	(3)
News Gathering	370	(1)
Transmission	371	(2)
Electronic Field Production	373	(10)
EFP Preproduction: Remote Survey	373	(4)
Production	377	(1)
Checklist: Field Production Equipment	377	(5)
Postproduction: Wrap-up	382	(1)
Big Remotes	383	(2)
Synthetic Environments	385	(5)
Computer-Generated Settings	385	(1)
Virtual Reality	386	(1)
Interactive Video	386	(4)
Epilogue	390	(1)
Selected Readings	391	(4)
Glossary	395	(12)
Index	407	(7)
Photo Credits	414