The Western Experience, Volume II, with Powerweb

by CHAMBERS

• ISBN13: 9780072565461
• ISBN10: 0072565462
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-08-16
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages

Summary

In an age when so many people only look forward, THE WESTERN EXPERIENCE combines new and traditional approaches to the past that, combined with an interpretive approach, challenge, stimulate, and engage students. The approach of the authors is appealing to those who want students to come away from their course with more than a grasp of the "facts", but instead wish students to analyze assumptions and use critical thinking skills. To further this goal, the authors not only see their book as a collection of interpretive essays that can serve as an example of historical writing, but they show and exemplify how historians struggle and deal with the past, for instance by discussing various controversies in history such as the Black Athena question.In addition, while the text presents a chronological survey of the history of Western Civilization, the narrative weaves several recurring themes that are strengthened and highlighted in new ways in this edition. The themes of social structure, the body politic, organization of production and the impact of technology, evolution of the family and changing gender roles, war, religion and cultural expression are laid out at the beginning of each chapter in the form of a color coded grid that the student and instructor will find easy to follow through the narrative.

Table of Contents

List of Maps XXIV

List of Boxes XXVII

Books Related Interest XXX

Preface XXXI

Introduction XXXVII>

Chapter 15 War and Crisis

I. Rivalry and War in the Age of Philip II

Elizabeth I of England/The Dutch Revolt/Civil War in France

II. From Unbounded War to International Crisis

The Thirty years War/The Peace of Westphalia

III. The Military Revolution

Weapons and Tactics/The Organization and Support of Armies/The Life of the Soldier

IV. Revolution in England

Pressures for Change/Parliament and Law/Rising Antagonisms/England Under Cromwell

V. Revolts in France and Spain

The France of Henry IV/Louis XIII/Political and Social Crisis/The Fronde/Sources of Discontent in Spain/Revolt and Secession

VI. Political Change in an Age of Crisis

The Unites Provinces/Sweden/Eastern Europe and the Crisis

Chapter 16 Culture and Society in the Age of the Scientific Revolution

I. Scientific Advance from Copernicus to Newton

Origins of the Scientific Revolution/The Breakthroughs/The Climax of the Scientific Revolution: Isaac Newton

II. The Effects of the Discoveries

The New Epistemology/Bacon and Descartes/Pascals Protest Against New Sciences/Science Institutionalized

III. The Arts and Literature

Unsettling Art/Unsettling Writers/The Return of Assurance to the Arts/Stability and Restraint in the Arts

V. Social Patterns and Popular Culture

Popular Trends/Social Status/Mobility and Crime/Changes in the Villages and Cities/Belief in Magic and Rituals/Forces of Restraint/Conclusion

Chapter 17 The Emergence of the European State System

I. Absolutism in France

The Rule of Louis XIV/Government/Foreign Policy/Domestic Policy/The End of an Era/France After Louis XIV

II. Other Patterns of Absolutism

The Habsburgs at Vienna/The Hohenzollerns at Berlin/Rivalry and State Building/The Prussia of Frederick William I/Frederick the Great/The Habsburg Empire/The Habsburgs and Bourbons at Madrid/Peter the Great at St. Petersburg

III. Alternatives to Absolutism

Aristocracy in the United Provinces, Sweden, and Poland/The Triumph of the Gentry in England/The Growth of Stability/Contrasts in Political Thought

IV. The International System

Diplomacy and Warfare/Armies and Navies/The Seven Years War

Chapter 18 The Wealth of Nations

I. Demographic and Economic Growth

The New Demographic Era/Profit Inflation: The Movement of Prices/Protoindustrialization

II. The New Shape of Industry

Towards a New Economic Order/The Roots of Economic Transformation in England/Cotton: The Beginning of Industrialization

III. Innovation and Tradition in Agriculture

Convertible Husbandry/The Enclosure Movement in Britain/Serf and Peasants on the Continent

IV. Eighteenth-Century Empires

Mercantile and Naval Competition/The Profits of Empire/Slavery, the Foundation of Empire/Mounting Colonial Conflicts/The British Foothold in India

Chapter 19 The Age of Enlightenment

I. The Enlightenment

The Broadening Reverberations of Science/Beyond Christianity/The Philosophies/Diderot and the Encyclopedia

II. Eighteenth-Century Elite Culture

Cosmopolitan High Culture/Publishing and Reading/Literature, Music and Art

III. Popular Culture

Popular Literature/Literacy and Primary Schooling/Sociability and Recreation

Chapter 20 The French Revolution

I. Reform and Political Crisis

Enlightened Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe/Joseph II and the Limits of Absolutism/Constitutional Crises in the West/Upheavals in the British Empire

II. 1789: The French Revolution

Origins of the Revolution/Fiscal Crisis and Political Deadlock/From the Estates General to the National Assembly/The Convergence of Revolutions

III. The Reconstruction of France

The New Constitution/The Revolution of the Church/Counterrevolution, Radicalism, and War

IV. The Second Revolution

The National Convention /The Revolutionary Crisis/The Jacobin Dictatorship/The Sans-culottes: Revolution From Below/The Revolutionary Wars

Chapter 21 The Age of Napoleon

I. From Robespierre to Bonoparte

The Thermidorian Reaction/The Directory/The Brumaire Coup

II. The Napoleonic Settlement in France

The Napoleonic Style/Political and Religious Settlements/The Era of the Notables

III. Napoleonic Hegemony in Europe

Military Supremacy and the Reorganization of Europe/Naval War with Britain/The Napoleonic Conscription Machine

IV. Opposition to Napoleon

The Spanish Ulcer/The Russian Debacle/German Resistance and the Last Coalition/The Napoleonic Legend

Chapter 22 Foundations of the Nineteenth Century: Politics and Social Change

I. The Politics of Order

The Congress of Vienna/The Pillars of the Restoration: Russia, Austria, Prussia/The Test of Restoration: Spain, Italy, and France

II. The Progress of Industrialization

The Technology to Support Machines/The Economic Effects of Revolution and War/Patterns of Industrialization

III. The Social Effects

The Division of Labor/The Family/The Standard of Living

Chapter 23 Learning to Live With Change

I. Ideas of Change

Romanticism/Social Thought/The Early Socialists

II. The Structure of Society

Social Classes/The Changing Populations/Social Welfare

III. The Spread of Liberal Government

Great Britain/The Revolutions of 1830

Chapter 24 National States and National Cultures

I. The Revolutions of 1848

The Opening Phase/The Final Dissensions/The Final Phase

II. The Politics of Nationalism

The Elements of Nationalism/A New Regime: The Second Empire in France/Nationalism and International Relations/A New Nation: The Unification of Italy/A New Nation: The Unification of Germany/Reshaping Old Empires

III. Nineteenth-Century Culture

The Organization of Culture/The Content of Culture

Chapter 25 European Power: Wealth, Knowledge, and Imperialism

I. The Economics of Growth

The Second Industrial Revolution/The Demographic Transition

II. The Knowledge of Nature and Society

The Conquests of Science/Social Science and Ideas of Progress

III. Europe and the World

The Apparent Decline of colonial Empires/Europes Growing Engagement Overseas

IV. Modern Imperialism

The Meaning of Imperialism/Explanations of Imperialism/Imperialism and European Society/Conquests of the New Imperialism

Chapter 26 The Age of Progress

I. The Belle Epoque

Popular Culture/The Woman Question/The Arts

II. Attacks on Liberal Civilization

Working Class Movements/The Christian Critique/Beyond Reason

III. Domestic Politics

Common Problems/France: The Third Republic/Germany: The Reich/Italy: The Liberal Monarchy/Russia: Defeat and Revolution/Austria-Hungary: The Delicate Balance/Spain: Instability and Loss of Empire/Great Britain: Heading Towards Democracy

Chapter 27 World War I and the War it Created

I. The Coming of World War

Bismarcks System of Alliances/The Shifting Balance/The Outbreak of World War/The Origins of World War

II. The Course of the War

The Surprises of the First Two Years/Adjustment to Total War/The Great Trials of 1917-1918/The Effects of World War 1

III. The Peace

The Revolutionary Situation/The Peace Treaties

IV. Postwar Democracy

The New Governments/The Established Democracies/International Relations

Chapter 28 The Great Twentieth- Century Crisis

I. Two Successful Revolutions

Revolution in Russia/Towards a Communist Society/Italian Fascism

II. The Distinctive Culture of the Twentieth Century

Freudian Psychology/The Humanities/The Sciences/Public Culture

III. The Retreat from Democracy

Authoritarian Regimes/The Great Depression

IV. Nazi Germany and the USSR

Hitlers Germany/Stalins Soviet Union

V. Democracies Weak Response

Divisive Social Change/The Argument for Liberty/Domestic Politics/The Failures of Diplomacy

Chapter 29 The Nightmare: World War II

I. The Years of Axis Victory

The Path to War/The Course of the War, 1939-1941

II. The Global War, 1942-1945

The Turn of the Tide/Competing Political Systems/Allied Strategy/The Road to Victory

III. Building on the Ruins

Immediate Crises/Europe Divided

IV. European Recovery

Economic Growth/New Political Directions/The International Context

Chapter 30 The New Europe

I. The New Institutions

Cautious Beginnings/Toward European Union

II. Postindustrial Society

Europes Advantage

III. The Politics of Prosperity

Waves of Protest/Capitalist Countries: The Challenge of Recession/Communist Rule: The Problem of Rigidity

IV. The End Of an Era

The Miracles of 1989/The Disintegration of the USSR/Europe Without Cold War

V. Contemporary Culture

Postwar Creativity/The Explosion of Popular Culture/Social Thought

Epilogue