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9780130138279

Criminalistics : An Introduction to Forensic Science

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780130138279

  • ISBN10:

    0130138274

  • Edition: 7th
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2001-01-01
  • Publisher: PRENTICE HALL
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List Price: $94.00

Summary

For Introduction to Forensic Science courses offered by Forensic Science or Criminal Justice programs.Written by a renowned authority on forensic science, this text introduces the non-scientific student to the field of forensic science through an exploration of its applications to criminal investigations, and clear explanations of the techniques, abilities and limitations of the modern crime laboratory.

Table of Contents

Preface xi
About the Author xv
Introduction
1(32)
Definition and Scope of Forensic Science
1(1)
History and Development of Forensic Science
2(4)
The Organization of a Crime Laboratory
6(3)
Services of the Crime Laboratory
9(3)
The Functions of the Forensic Scientist
12(5)
Other Forensic Science Services
17(16)
Review Questions
22(2)
Further References
24(1)
Case Reading
25(8)
The Crime Scene
33(28)
Processing the Crime Scene
33(15)
Legal Considerations at the Crime Scene
48(13)
Review Questions
51(1)
Further References
52(1)
Case Reading
52(9)
Physical Evidence
61(26)
Common Types of Physical Evidence
61(1)
The Significance of Physical Evidence
62(25)
Review Questions
73(1)
Further References
74(1)
Case Reading
74(13)
Physical Properties: Glass and Soil
87(29)
The Metric System
87(2)
Physical Properties
89(8)
Comparing Glass Fragments
97(6)
Glass Fractures
103(4)
Collection and Preservation of Glass Evidence
107(1)
Forensic Characteristics of Soil
108(3)
Collection and Preservation of Soil Evidence
111(5)
Review Questions
113(2)
Further References
115(1)
Organic Analysis
116(30)
Elements and Compounds
116(4)
Selecting an Analytical Technique
120(1)
Chromatography
121(11)
Spectrophotometry
132(8)
Mass Spectrometry (MS)
140(6)
Review Questions
143(2)
Further References
145(1)
Inorganic Analysis
146(18)
Evidence in the Assassination of President Kennedy
148(2)
The Emission Spectrum of Elements
150(3)
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
153(2)
The Origin of Emission and Absorption Spectra
155(2)
Neutron Activation Analysis
157(3)
X-Ray Diffraction
160(4)
Review Questions
162(1)
Further References
163(1)
The Microscope
164(25)
The Compound Microscope
165(3)
The Comparison Microscope
168(1)
The Stereoscopic Microscope
169(1)
The Polarizing Microscope
170(3)
The Microspectrophotometer
173(1)
The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
174(15)
Review Questions
179(1)
Further References
180(1)
Case Reading
181(8)
Hairs, Fibers, and Paint
189(39)
Morphology of Hair
189(5)
Identification and Comparison of Hair
194(4)
Collection of Hair Evidence
198(1)
Types of Fibers
199(6)
Identification and Comparison of Man-Made Fibers
205(8)
Collection of Fiber Evidence
213(1)
Forensic Examination of Paint
213
Collection and Preservation of Paint Evidence
222(206)
Review Questions
224(2)
Further References
226(2)
Drugs
228(30)
Drug Dependence
228(4)
Narcotic Drugs
232(2)
Hallucinogens
234(5)
Depressants
239(2)
Stimulants
241(3)
Anabolic Steroids
244(1)
Drug-Control Laws
245(3)
Drug Identification
248(6)
Collection and Preservation of Drug Evidence
254(4)
Review Questions
255(2)
Further References
257(1)
Forensic Toxicology
258(32)
Toxicology of Alcohol
259(18)
The Role of the Toxicologist
277(1)
Techniques Used in Toxicology
278(4)
The Significance of Toxicological Findings
282(1)
The Drug Recognition Expert
283(7)
Review Questions
287(2)
Further References
289(1)
Forensic Aspects of Arson and Explosion Investigations
290(30)
The Chemistry of Fire
290(7)
Searching the Fire Scene
297(2)
Collection and Preservation of Arson Evidence
299(2)
Analysis of Flammable Residues
301(3)
Types of Explosives
304(5)
Collection and Analysis of Explosives
309(11)
Review Question
317(1)
Further References
318(2)
Forensic Serology
320(33)
The Nature of Blood
321(6)
Forensic Characterization of Bloodstains
327(8)
Stain Patterns of Blood
335(3)
Principles of Heredity
338(4)
Forensic Characterization of Semen
342(3)
Collection of Rape Evidence
345(8)
Review Questions
350(2)
Further References
352(1)
DNA: A New Forensic Science Tool
353(42)
What Is DNA?
353(3)
DNA at Work
356(2)
Replication of DNA
358(1)
Recombinant DNA: Cutting and Splicing DNA
359(2)
DNA Typing
361(14)
Mitochondria DNA
375(6)
The Combined DNA Index System
381(1)
The Collection and Preservation of Biological Evidence for DNA Analysis
382(13)
Review Questions
389(2)
Further References
391(1)
Case Readings
391(4)
Fingerprints
395(26)
History of Fingerprinting
395(2)
Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints
397(5)
Classification of Fingerprints
402(2)
Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems
404(1)
Methods of Detecting Fingerprints
405(8)
Preservation of Developed Prints
413(1)
Digital Imaging for Fingerprint Enhancement
414(7)
Review Questions
418(2)
Further References
420(1)
Firearms, Tool Marks, and Other Impressions
421(32)
Bullet Comparisons
421(7)
Cartridge Cases
428(1)
Automated Firearm Search Systems
429(2)
Gunpowder Residues
431(4)
Primer Residues on the Hands
435(3)
Serial Number Restoration
438(1)
Collection and Preservation of Firearm Evidence
438(3)
Tool Marks
441(2)
Other Impressions
443(10)
Review Questions
450(1)
Further References
451(2)
Document and Voice Examination
453(24)
Handwriting Comparisons
453(2)
Collection of Handwriting Exemplars
455(3)
Typewriting Comparisons
458(1)
Photocopier, Printer, and Fax Examination
459(2)
Alterations, Erasures, and Obliterations
461(5)
Other Document Problems
466(2)
Voice Examination
468(9)
Review Questions
475(1)
Further References
476(1)
Forensic Science on the Internet
477(15)
What Is the Internet?
477(1)
Where to Go on the Internet
478(6)
Exploring Forensic Science on the WWW
484(4)
Web Sites You May Wish to Explore
488(4)
Review Questions
491(1)
Further References
491(1)
The Future
492(7)
Further References
497(2)
Case Readings 499(65)
Appendices
I Guides to the Collection of Physical Evidence---FBI
531(15)
II Instructions for Collecting Gunshot Residue (GSR)
546(2)
III FBI Policy for Submitting DNA Evidence
548(3)
IV Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Parameters for Figures Contained Within the Text
551(2)
V Chemical Formulas for Latent Fingerprint Development
553(6)
VI Chemical Formulas for Development of Footwear Impressions in Blood
559(5)
Answers 564(3)
Index 567

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