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9780835951869

First Responder

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780835951869

  • ISBN10:

    0835951863

  • Edition: 5th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 1999-01-01
  • Publisher: Brady
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List Price: $50.67

Summary

The leader in the field this text provides clear First Responder level training. This edition includes a free skills review CD-ROM with every book.

Table of Contents

FOREWORD xii(2)
PREFACE xv(2)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xvii(4)
INTRODUCTION: LEARNING TO BE A FIRST RESPONDER xxi(5)
AUTHORS xxvi
UNIT I PREPARATORY 1(74)
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCING THE EMS SYSTEM
1(14)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
2(1)
LEARNING TASKS
2(1)
THE EMS SYSTEM
3(3)
Components of the EMS System
3(1)
Activating the EMS System
3(2)
The In-hospital Care System
5(1)
Medical Oversight
5(1)
THE FIRST RESPONDER
6(7)
Roles and Responsibilities
6(2)
Traits
8(2)
Skills
10(1)
Equipment, Tools, and Supplies
11(2)
SUMMARY
13(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
13(1)
INVESTIGATE
14(1)
CHAPTER 2 THE WELL-BEING OF THE FIRST RESPONDER
15(16)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
16(1)
LEARNING TASKS
17(1)
EMOTIONAL ASPECTS OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE
17(4)
Causes of Stress
17(1)
Death and Dying
18(1)
Signs and Symptoms of Stress
19(1)
Dealing with Stress
19(2)
BODY SUBSTANCE ISOLATION (BSI)
21(6)
First Responders at Risk
21(1)
Dealing with Risk
22(2)
Bloodborne and Airborne Pathogens
24(1)
Protecting First Responders
25(1)
Employees Responsibilities
26(1)
SCENE SAFETY
27(1)
Hazardous Materials Incidents
27(1)
Rescue Operations
28(1)
Violent and Crime Scenes
28(1)
SUMMARY
28(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
29(1)
INVESTIGATE
29(2)
CHAPTER 3 LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES
31(12)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
32(1)
LEARNING TASKS
33(1)
SCOPE OF CARE
33(1)
Legal Duties
33(1)
Ethical Responsibilities
33(1)
CONSENT
34(2)
Competence
34(1)
Refusal of Care
34(1)
Expressed Consent
35(1)
Implied Consent 36(1)
DO NOT RESUSCITATE (DNR) ORDERS
36(1)
NEGLIGENCE
37(1)
ABANDONMENT
38(1)
CONFIDENTIALITY
39(1)
SPECIAL SITUATIONS
40(1)
Organ Donors
40(1)
Medical Identification Devices
40(1)
Crime Scenes
40(1)
DOCUMENTATION
41(1)
SUMMARY
41(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
42(1)
INVESTIGATE
42(1)
CHAPTER 4 THE HUMAN BODY
43(14)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
44(1)
LEARNING TASKS
44(1)
OVERVIEW OF THE HUMAN BODY
45(5)
The Head-to-Toe Approach
45(1)
Directional Terms
46(1)
Body Regions
47(1)
Body Cavities
48(2)
Abdominal Quadrants
50(1)
BODY SYSTEMS
50(1)
RELATING STRUCTURES TO THE BODY
51(4)
SUMMARY
55(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
56(1)
INVESTIGATE
56(1)
CHAPTER 5 LIFTING AND MOVING PATIENTS
57(18)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
58(1)
LEARNING TASKS
58(1)
PRINCIPLES OF MOVING PATIENTS
59(1)
Role of the First Responder
59(1)
When to Move a Patient
59(1)
BODY MECHANICS AND LIFTING TECHNIQUES
59(1)
MOVING AND POSITIONING PATIENTS
60(9)
Emergency Moves
60(4)
Non-Emergency Moves
64(3)
Transfer of Patient from Bed to Stretcher
67(2)
Patient Positioning
69(1)
EQUIPMENT FAMILIARITY
69(3)
SUMMARY
72(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
73(1)
INVESTIGATE
73(2)
UNIT II AIRWAY 75(42)
CHAPTER 6 AIRWAY MANAGEMENT
75(42)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
76(1)
LEARNING TASKS
77(2)
BREATHING
79(5)
Why We Breathe
79(1)
How We Breathe
79(4)
Assessment
83(1)
PULMONARY RESUSCITATION
84(11)
Opening the Airway
84(2)
Rescue Breathing
86(9)
AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
95(11)
Causes of Airway Obstruction
95(2)
Correcting Upper Airway Obstruction--Foreign Body
97(5)
Correcting Airway Obstructions--Combined Procedures
102(4)
AIDS TO RESUSCITATION
106(8)
Introduction
106(1)
Oropharynageal Airways
107(3)
Nasopharyngeal Airways
110(1)
Suction Systems
111(1)
Suctioning Techniques
112(2)
SUMMARY
114(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
115(1)
INVESTIGATE
116(1)
UNIT III PATIENT ASSESSMENT 117(46)
CHAPTER 7 ASSESSMENT OF THE PATIENT
117(46)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
118(1)
LEARNING TASKS
119(1)
PATIENT ASSESSMENT COMPONENTS
120(7)
First Responder Assessment-Based Care
126(1)
SCENE SIZE-UP
127(4)
Body Substance Isolation Precautions
127(1)
Scene Safety
128(2)
Mechanism of Injury and Nature of Illness
130(1)
Number of Patients and the Need for Additional Resources
130(1)
Arrival at the Scene
130(1)
THE INITIAL ASSESSMENT
131(8)
Form a General Impression
132(1)
Assess Mental Status
132(5)
Assess Airway and Breathing
137(1)
Assess Circulation
137(1)
Determine Priority, or Urgency, of Patient Transport
138(1)
Special Considerations for Infants and Children
138(1)
Alerting Dispatch
139(1)
FOCUSED HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAM
139(20)
Focused History and Physical Exam--Trauma Patient
141(1)
Focused History and Physical Exam--Medical Patient
141(2)
Patient Information and History
143(3)
Physical Examination
146(1)
Vital Signs
147(6)
Types of Physical Exams
153(6)
DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAM
159(1)
ONGOING ASSESSMENT
160(1)
HAND-OFF TO EMS
160(1)
SUMMARY
160(2)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
162(1)
INVESTIGATE
162(1)
UNIT IV CIRCULATION 163(42)
CHAPTER 8 CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)
163(32)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
164(1)
LEARNING TASKS
165(1)
THE CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
166(1)
CIRCULATION AND CPR
166(10)
Cardiac Arrest
167(1)
CPR--What It Is
168(1)
CPR--How It Works
168(2)
The Techniques of CPR
170(6)
ONE-RESCUER CPR
176(14)
Basic Procedures
176(3)
CPR Techniques for Infants and Children
179(6)
Neonatal Resuscitation
185(2)
Assuring Effective CPR
187(2)
Special CPR Situations
189(1)
CPR--RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRST RESPONDER
190(2)
SUMMARY
192(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
193(1)
INVESTIGATE
194(1)
CHAPTER 9 TWO-RESCUER CPR
195(10)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
196(1)
LEARNING TASKS
196(1)
INTRODUCTION
197(1)
CHANGING TO TWO-RESCUER CPR
197(1)
COMPRESSIONS AND VENTILATIONS
198(4)
CPR Procedure
199(1)
Changing Positions
199(1)
Problems
199(3)
SUMMARY
202(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
202(2)
INVESTIGATE
204(1)
UNIT V ILLNESS AND INJURY 205(190)
CHAPTER 10 MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
205(52)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
206(1)
LEARNING TASKS
207(1)
MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
208(1)
Signs and Symptoms
208(1)
Assessment
209(1)
SPECIFIC MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
209(19)
Chest Pain and Possible Heart Attacks
209(4)
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
213(2)
Respiratory Emergencies
215(4)
Altered Mental Status
219(6)
Abdominal Pain
225(3)
POISONING, BITES, AND STINGS
228(10)
Routes of Poisons
229(2)
Poison Control Centers
231(1)
Types of Poisons
231(6)
Anaphylactic Shock
237(1)
HEAT EMERGENCIES
238(3)
Heat Exhaustion
240(1)
Heat Cramps
240(1)
Heat Stroke
240(1)
COLD EMERGENCIES
241(4)
Hypothermia (Generalized cold Emergency)
241(1)
Localized Cold Injury
242(3)
BEHAVIORAL EMERGENCIES
245(3)
Causes
245(1)
Assessment
245(1)
Emergency Care
246(1)
Potential Violence
247(1)
ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS
248(5)
Alcohol Abuse
248(1)
Drug Abuse
249(4)
SUMMARY
253(3)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
256(1)
INVESTIGATE
256(1)
CHAPTER 11 BLEEDING AND SOFT--TISSUE INJURIES
257(72)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
258(1)
LEARNING TASKS
259(1)
BLEEDING
260(2)
The Blood
260(1)
Blood Vessels
261(1)
General Considerations
262(1)
TYPES OF BLEEDING
262(2)
External Bleeding
262(14)
Internal Bleeding
276(6)
SHOCK
282(9)
Development of Shock
282(1)
Types of Shock
283(2)
Signs and Symptoms of Shock
285(3)
Preventing and Caring for Shock
288(3)
RECOGNIZING INJURIES
291(4)
Types of Injuries
291(4)
BASIC EMERGENCY CARE
295(21)
Ongoing Care
295(1)
Care During Assessment
295(1)
Care of Closed Wounds
296(1)
Care of Open Wounds
296(1)
Care of Specific Injuries
297(19)
BURNS
316(8)
Classification of Burns
316(1)
Severity
317(1)
Rules for First Responders
318(1)
Caring for Burns
319(1)
Special Considerations
320(4)
SUMMARY
324(3)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
327(1)
INVESTIGATE
328(1)
CHAPTER 12 MUSCLE AND BONE INJURIES
329(66)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
330(1)
LEARNING TASKS
331(1)
INTRODUCTION
332(2)
THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
334(1)
Functions of the Musculoskeletal System
334(1)
Main Parts of the Skeletal System
334(1)
INJURIES TO THE EXTREMITIES
335(9)
Causes of Injuries
335(1)
Types of Injuries
336(4)
Signs and Symptoms of Injury to Bones and Joints
340(2)
Total Patient Care
342(2)
SPLINTING
344(10)
Soft Splints
344(1)
The Sling and Swathe
344(3)
Rigid Splints
347(1)
Why Splint?
347(1)
First Responder Responsibilities
348(2)
Rules for Splinting
350(3)
Types of Splints
353(1)
MANAGEMENT OF UPPER EXTREMITY INJURIES
354(8)
Injuries to the Shoulder Girdle
356(2)
Injuries to the Upper Arm Bone
358(1)
Injuries to the Elbow
359(1)
Injuries to the Forearm, Wrist and Hand
360(2)
Injuries to the Fingers
362(1)
MANAGEMENT OF LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES
362(9)
Injuries to the Pelvic Girdle
366(2)
Injuries to the Upper Leg or Thigh
368(1)
Injuries to the Knee
369(1)
Injuries to the Lower Leg
370(1)
Injuries to the Ankle or Foot
370(1)
Resplinting
370(1)
THE AXIAL SKELETON
371(4)
The Head
372(1)
The Spinal Column
372(1)
The Chest
372(1)
The Central Nervous System
373(1)
Mechanisms of Injury
374(1)
INJURIES TO THE HEAD
375(6)
Types of Injuries
375(3)
Care for Head Injuries
378(3)
INJURIES TO THE SPINE
381(5)
Types of Injuries
381(1)
Signs and Symptoms of Spinal Injury
381(1)
The Focused Assessment
382(3)
Care for Injuries to the Spine
385(1)
INJURIES TO THE CHEST
386(4)
Fractured Ribs
386(2)
Flail Chest
388(2)
SUMMARY
390(3)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
393(1)
INVESTIGATE
394(1)
UNIT VI CHILDBIRTH AND CHILDREN 395(62)
CHAPTER 13 CHILDBIRTH
395(28)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
396(1)
LEARNING TASKS
397(1)
UNDERSTANDING CHILDBIRTH
398(3)
Anatomy of Pregnancy
398(1)
Stages of Labor
399(1)
Supplies and Materials
400(1)
DELIVERY
401(11)
Preparing for Delivery
401(2)
Normal Delivery
403(3)
Caring for the Newborn
406(5)
Caring for the Mother
411(1)
COMPLICATIONS AND EMERGENCIES
412(8)
Predelivery Emergencies
414(1)
Abnormal Delivery
415(3)
Other Emergencies
418(2)
SUMMARY
420(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
421(1)
INVESTIGATE
422(1)
CHAPTER 14 INFANTS AND CHILDREN
423(34)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
424(1)
LEARNING TASKS
425(1)
INTRODUCTION
426(1)
CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN
427(8)
Age, Size, and Response
431(2)
Special Considerations
433(2)
PROVIDING EMERGENCY CARE
435(16)
Managing the Airway
435(2)
Patient Assessment
437(3)
Managing Specific Medical Emergencies
440(6)
Managing Trauma Emergencies
446(5)
SUSPECTED NEGLECT AND ABUSE
451(3)
Sexual Abuse
452(1)
Physical Abuse
452(2)
SUMMARY
454(1)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
455(1)
INVESTIGATE
455(2)
UNIT VII EMS OPERATIONS 457(30)
CHAPTER 15 GAINING ACCESS AND TRIAGE
457(30)
NATIONAL STANDARD OBJECTIVES
458(1)
LEARNING TASKS
458(1)
SAFETY
459(1)
MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS
460(10)
Preparing for the Call
460(2)
The Scene
462(2)
The Closed Upright Vehicle
464(4)
The Overturned Closed Vehicle
468(1)
The Vehicle on Its Side
468(1)
Patients Pinned Beneath Vehicles
468(1)
Patients Caught in Wreckage
469(1)
BUILDINGS
470(2)
First Responder Responsibilities
470(1)
Entering Buildings
471(1)
HAZARDS
472(5)
Fire
472(1)
Gas
473(1)
Electrical Wires
474(1)
Hazardous Materials
474(3)
Radiation Accidents
477(1)
TRIAGE
477(7)
Priorities
477(3)
The START Plan
480(1)
Patient Assessment
481(3)
SUMMARY
484(2)
REMEMBER AND CONSIDER
486(1)
INVESTIGATE
486(1)
Appendices 487(44)
Appendix 1 Determining Blood Pressure 487(5)
Appendix 2 Breathing Aids and Oxygen Therapy 492(13)
Appendix 3 Authomated External Defibrillation 505(9)
Appendix 4 Pharamacology 514(8)
Appendix 5 Swimming and Diving Accidents 522(9)
GLOSSARY 531(13)
INDEX 544

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