Proactive Police Management

by Thibault, Edward A.; Lynch, Lawrence M.; McBride, Bruce R.

• ISBN13: 9780132193689
• ISBN10: 013219368X
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2011-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

Required reading for civil service promotional examinations. "Proactive Police Management" provides a review of the various approaches to police management using a contemporary and proactive approach. The seventh edition has been extensively revised, including new information on technology, operational and fiscal planning, management styles, training techniques, budgeting methods and national security concerns. It continues to balance planning and communication; theory and practice; and authoritative and participatory leadership approaches - emphasizing a consultative management style that enables all stakeholders to effectively anticipate, prevent and react to crime within their community. This book is used for training police supervisors and administrators and is required reading for civil service promotional examinations. The "Prentice Hall's Test Prep Guide to Accompany Proactive Police Management" (ISBN: 0-13-170126-6) is used in conjunction with this title to help law enforcement professionals prepare for their promotional exams. Shows how the combination of new proactive management techniques and the application of new technology are revolutionizing policing. Covers traditional scientific management, the behavioral/systems approach, and the human relations approach. Emphasizes community-policing, problem-oriented policing and intelligence-led policing. Used for training police supervisors and administrators and is required reading for civil service promotional examinations.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Acknowledgments	xv
Historical Perspective	1	(19)
The Industrial Revolution and Traditional Management, 1750--1900	2	(2)
Scientific Management, 1900 to Present	4	(4)
O.W. Wilson	5	(1)
William H. Parker	6	(1)
Other Contributors	7	(1)
Human Relations and Participative Management, 1925 to Present	8	(2)
Behavioral Management, 1945 to Present, and Systems Management, 1960 to Present	10	(1)
Community Policing, Problem-Solving Policing, and Intelligence-Led Policing	11	(1)
Proactive Police Management, 1980 to Present	11	(4)
William Bratton	12	(1)
Lee P. Brown	13	(1)
Female Police Executives	14	(1)
Conclusion	15	(1)
Questions for Review	16	(1)
Class Project	16	(1)
Web Works	16	(1)
Bibliography	17	(3)
Police Culture	20	(36)
The Concept: Police Subculture	21	(1)
Secrecy	21	(1)
Solidarity	21	(1)
Social Isolation	22	(1)
Characteristics of the Police Subculture	22	(7)
Argot	23	(1)
Esoteric Knowledge	24	(1)
Cynicism	24	(1)
Internal Sanctions	25	(1)
Solidarity	25	(2)
Social Isolation	27	(1)
Perception of Violence and Psychological Distance	28	(1)
Informal Group Structures in Police Organizations	29	(4)
The Hawthorne Study	30	(1)
The Work Community	30	(1)
The Effect of the Primary Group on Police Bureaucracy	31	(2)
Police Peer Norms	33	(4)
Police Corruption and Internal Norms	34	(1)
Corruption, Cliques, Meat Eaters, and Grass Eaters	35	(1)
Positive Police Ethics	35	(2)
Police Typologies	37	(2)
Minority Group Structures	39	(10)
African-American Officers	39	(2)
Female Officers	41	(5)
Gay and Lesbian Police Officers	46	(3)
Conclusion	49	(1)
Questions for Review	49	(1)
Class Project	50	(1)
Web Works	50	(1)
Bibliography	50	(6)
The Art and Style of Proactive Police Leadership	56	(31)
Proactive Leadership	57	(5)
Authority	58	(1)
Talent	59	(1)
Experience	59	(1)
Ethics	60	(1)
Training and Education	60	(2)
Management Styles	62	(21)
Effective Leadership	62	(2)
Managing in Chaos	64	(3)
The Digital Nervous System	67	(2)
Emotional Intelligence	69	(1)
Total Quality Management (TQM)	70	(2)
Reengineering	72	(2)
Katz's Three Skills Approach	74	(2)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs	76	(1)
Herzberg's Hygiene/Motivators Approach to Job Satisfaction	77	(2)
McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y	79	(1)
Theory Z	79	(2)
Blake and Mouton's Managerial Grid	81	(2)
Conclusion	83	(1)
Questions for Review	84	(1)
Class Project	84	(1)
Bibliography	85	(2)
Purposes and Principles of Police Organizations	87	(18)
Law Enforcement as Big Business	88	(1)
Civil Service and Promotions	89	(1)
The Use of Civilian Employees	90	(1)
Traditional Purposes of Police Organizations	90	(1)
Traditional Measures of Police Effectiveness	91	(1)
Police Results and Performance Measures	92	(3)
Addressing General Crime	93	(1)
Dealing with Serious Crime Incidents	93	(1)
Achieving Major Short- and Long-Term Objectives	93	(1)
Analyzing the Costs of Policing	94	(1)
Evaluating the Quality of Services	94	(1)
Reality-Based Proactive Purposes of Police Organizations	95	(1)
Performance	95	(1)
Preparedness	95	(1)
Progressiveness	95	(1)
Management Principles	96	(3)
Respond	96	(1)
Regulate	96	(1)
Restrain	96	(1)
Recover	97	(1)
Repress	97	(1)
Reinforce	98	(1)
Defining the Organization	98	(1)
The Concept of Organization	99	(1)
Mechanical Approach	99	(1)
Humanist Approach	99	(1)
The Traditional Concept of Bureaucracy from Max Weber	99	(2)
Conclusion	101	(1)
Questions for Review	102	(1)
Class Project	102	(1)
Web Works	102	(1)
Bibliography	103	(2)
Operating Principles	105	(12)
Administration	106	(2)
Planning	106	(1)
Organizing	106	(1)
Staffing	107	(1)
Directing	107	(1)
Coordinating	107	(1)
Reporting	108	(1)
Budgeting	108	(1)
Supervision	108	(4)
The Respect Approach to Supervision	108	(4)
Operations	112	(2)
Line Functions	112	(1)
Staff/Administrative Functions	113	(1)
Auxiliary/Service Functions	114	(1)
Conclusion	114	(1)
Questions for Review	115	(1)
Class Project	115	(1)
Bibliography	115	(2)
Proactive Communication and Information Management	117	(22)
Communication Defined	118	(2)
Encoding and Decoding: The Meaning of Meaning	120	(1)
Feedback	121	(3)
Who Communicates to Whom, and How?	122	(2)
Obstacles to Communication	124	(1)
The Johari Window	125	(3)
Operational Communications	128	(3)
Types of Orders	128	(2)
The Effectively Organized Directive	130	(1)
The Duty Manual	131	(3)
Proactive Organizational Communication Model	134	(2)
Conclusion	136	(1)
Questions for Review	137	(1)
Class Project	137	(1)
Bibliography	138	(1)
Proactive Police Technology for the Twenty-First Century	139	(27)
Computer Applications for Information Management	141	(19)
Computer-Aided Dispatch (CAD)	144	(1)
Proactive Dispatch Benchmarks	145	(2)
Automatic Vehicle Monitoring/Automatic Vehicle Locater Based on GPS	147	(1)
911	148	(1)
National Crime Information Center (NCIC)	148	(1)
Automated Regional Justice Information System (ARJIS)	149	(1)
The Digitally Driven Police Department	150	(2)
New Technologies for Police Managers	152	(1)
Crime Mapping	153	(1)
Compstat	154	(3)
Defenses against Cyberterror and Cyberattacks	157	(1)
Cross-Jurisdictional High-Speed Notification	158	(1)
Law Enforcement at the Speed of Thought	159	(1)
The Role of the Chief in Technology	160	(1)
Conclusion	161	(1)
Questions for Review	162	(1)
Class Project	162	(1)
Web Works	162	(1)
Bibliography	163	(3)
Patrol Operations and Community Policing	166	(39)
The Traditional Model	167	(1)
The Kansas City Study	168	(1)
Rethinking the Traditional Model	169	(7)
Preventive Patrol	170	(1)
Calls for Service	171	(1)
Administrative Tasks	172	(1)
Directed Patrol	173	(2)
Foot Patrol	175	(1)
Bicycle Patrol	175	(1)
Team Policing	176	(2)
History of Team Policing	176	(1)
Positive Aspects of Team Policing	177	(1)
Team Policing and Tactical Patrol	177	(1)
Problem-Oriented Policing	178	(3)
Model Program and Examples of Excellence	180	(1)
Community Policing	181	(9)
Traditional Policing and Community Policing Compared	182	(2)
The Implementation of Community Policing	184	(1)
Recommendations for Implementation	185	(1)
St. Petersburg: 911 Incident-Driven-Service Police Officers Compared to Community-Service Police Officers	185	(1)
Seattle: Successful Implementation of Community Policing	186	(2)
Chicago: Community Policing	188	(1)
Conclusion: Community Policing	189	(1)
Intelligence-Led Policing	190	(3)
Historical Issues	191	(1)
Community Policing and Intelligence	192	(1)
Managerial Concerns	192	(1)
Weed and Seed	193	(1)
Hot Spots	194	(2)
Police Pursuit Policies	196	(2)
Pursuit Policy Recommendations	197	(1)
Conclusion	198	(1)
Questions for Review	198	(1)
Class Project	199	(1)
Web Works	199	(1)
Bibliography	200	(5)
Basic Line Functions	205	(42)
Generalist-Specialist Controversy	206	(2)
Traffic	208	(4)
Effective Management in Traffic Matters	209	(1)
Racial Profiling	209	(3)
Vice	212	(3)
Drugs	212	(1)
Prostitution	213	(1)
Vice Units	214	(1)
Youth Services and Juvenile Aid Units	215	(17)
Background	216	(1)
The Role of Juvenile Aid	217	(2)
Juvenile Record Keeping	219	(1)
Personnel Selection for Juvenile Aid	219	(1)
Organization of Juvenile Aid Operations	220	(1)
Gangs	221	(1)
Model Youth Programs	221	(3)
School Violence and the Police	224	(1)
Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE)	225	(2)
Other Police Youth Programs	227	(5)
Investigation	232	(8)
Preliminary Investigation	233	(2)
Follow-Up Investigation	235	(1)
Traditional Structure	235	(1)
Managing Criminal Investigations	236	(3)
Investigative Issues and Concerns	239	(1)
Conclusion	240	(2)
Questions for Review	242	(1)
Class Projects	242	(1)
Web Works	243	(1)
Bibliography	243	(4)
Administrative/Staff Functions	247	(33)
Line/Staff Conflict and Cooperation	248	(3)
Community Relations	251	(6)
Personnel for Community Relations	252	(1)
Functions of the Community Relations Unit	252	(4)
The Community Relations Officer	256	(1)
The Legal Adviser	257	(2)
Professional Standards	259	(4)
Management of the Professional Standards/Internal Affairs Unit	260	(1)
Disciplinary Actions	261	(1)
Department Rules and Collective Bargaining Agreements	262	(1)
Control of Police Violence	263	(5)
Obstacles to Decreasing Police Violence	264	(3)
Early-Warning Systems to Identify Problem Officers	267	(1)
The Police Misconduct Model	268	(1)
The Internal Audit	269	(6)
The Misconduct Review	270	(2)
Use of Proactive Community Policing to Decrease Police Deviance	272	(3)
Conclusion	275	(1)
Questions for Review	276	(1)
Class Project	276	(1)
Web Works	277	(1)
Bibliography	277	(3)
Auxiliary Functions	280	(30)
Communications	281	(3)
Consolidation	282	(1)
Communications Personnel	283	(1)
Personal Attributes	284	(1)
Records Management System	284	(6)
Computerization	286	(1)
Computer and Communications Administrator	286	(1)
Storage of Records	287	(1)
Security, Sealing, Purging, and Public Access to Records	288	(2)
Property Control	290	(2)
Inventory Control	290	(1)
Evidence Control	290	(1)
Found Property	291	(1)
Vehicle Maintenance	292	(3)
Personal Patrol Car	294	(1)
Building Maintenance	295	(2)
Temporary Detention Facility	296	(1)
Licensing	297	(1)
The Crime Laboratory	297	(7)
Evidence Technicians	300	(1)
Computers and Fingerprints	301	(1)
Computer Crime Investigation Unit	301	(3)
Ancillary Public Safety Services	304	(1)
Conclusion	305	(1)
Questions for Review	306	(1)
Class Projects	307	(1)
Bibliography	308	(2)
Human Resources Management	310	(50)
Personnel: The Major Cost	311	(1)
Police Civil Service Selection: Historical Background	311	(2)
Public Service Employment	313	(1)
Equal Employment Opportunity	314	(1)
Affirmative Action	315	(4)
The End of Affirmative Action?	318	(1)
The Role of the Police Human Resource Administrator	319	(1)
Personnel Selection: Issues and Concerns	319	(13)
Written Tests	319	(1)
Age	320	(1)
Physical Fitness	321	(4)
The Background Investigation	325	(1)
Residency	326	(1)
Psychological Testing	327	(1)
Lateral Entry	328	(1)
Polygraph Testing	328	(1)
The Interview	329	(1)
College Education Requirements	330	(1)
The Assessment Center	331	(1)
Recruitment Techniques	332	(4)
Toward a Rational Model of Police Selection	333	(1)
New Police Recruit Selection Model	334	(2)
Other Personnel Issues	336	(17)
Sexual Harassment	336	(3)
Drug Testing	339	(3)
Public Police and Private Security	342	(1)
Contract Police Issues	343	(1)
Police Overtime	344	(2)
Stress Management	346	(5)
Fatigue Management	351	(1)
Employee-Assistance Programs	352	(1)
Conclusion	353	(2)
Questions for Review	355	(1)
Class Projects	355	(1)
Web Works	355	(1)
Bibliography	356	(4)
Training	360	(32)
Historical Perspectives	361	(1)
General Need for Training	362	(2)
Location and Timing of Basic Training	364	(3)
Field Training for Police Officers	365	(2)
The Importance of Training to Police Managers	367	(1)
Historical Recommendations for Police Training Standards	367	(2)
The Training Curriculum at Present	369	(1)
Topical Issues in Training	369	(10)
Terrorism and Emergency Management	371	(1)
AIDS and Other Blood-Borne Pathogens	372	(1)
Domestic Violence	373	(1)
Use of Physical and Deadly Physical Force	373	(1)
Less-than-Lethal Weapons	374	(1)
Tactical Operations	375	(1)
Diversity	375	(1)
Hate Crimes	376	(1)
Americans with Disabilities Act	377	(1)
Computer and Video Simulation	377	(1)
New Technologies	378	(1)
Computer Crime Investigation	378	(1)
Areas of Training	379	(5)
Specialist Training	379	(1)
Supervisory Training	380	(3)
Management Training	383	(1)
Summary	384	(1)
Civil Liability and Training	384	(4)
Conclusion	388	(1)
Questions for Review	389	(1)
Class Project	389	(1)
Web Works	389	(1)
Bibliography	389	(3)
Proactive Planning	392	(46)
Planning Defined	393	(1)
The Significance of Planning	394	(1)
Accreditation and Planning	395	(2)
The Need for a Planning Officer or a Planning Unit	397	(1)
Steps in the Planning Process	398	(2)
Types of Plans	400	(23)
Long-Range Strategic Plans	400	(3)
Fiscal Plans	403	(8)
Risk Management and Liability	411	(2)
Short-Range Operational/Tactical Plans	413	(7)
National Incident Management System (NIMS)	420	(3)
Policing Terrorism: Proactive Homeland Security	423	(7)
Criminal Groups versus Terrorist Groups	425	(1)
Hate Groups and Militias in the United States	426	(1)
Proactive Policies for Combating Terrorism	427	(1)
Critical Infrastructure Assessment and Protection	428	(1)
Summary: Police Planning for Terrorism	429	(1)
Compstat as a Proactive Planning Tool: A Reengineering, Data-Driven Approach	430	(2)
Conclusion	432	(1)
Questions for Review	433	(1)
Class Projects	433	(1)
Web Works	434	(1)
Bibliography	434	(4)
Collective Bargaining and Police Management	438	(24)
Collective Bargaining Defined	439	(1)
History of Police Unionism	440	(2)
Overview of Police Unions	442	(5)
Major Police Union Organizations	445	(2)
Management Rights and Collective Bargaining: A Dilemma	447	(1)
The Collective Bargaining Process	448	(6)
Contract Administration	450	(4)
Fair Labor Standards Act	454	(1)
The Police Strike	454	(1)
Police Unions and the Political Process	455	(1)
Conclusion	456	(1)
Questions for Review	457	(1)
Class Project	458	(1)
Web Works	459	(1)
Bibliography	460	(2)
The Future of Proactive Police Management	462	(25)
A Scenario for the Future	463	(1)
Anticipating the Proactive Police Universe	463	(2)
The Proactive Community Police Response	464	(1)
Police Department Considerations	465	(5)
The Jurisdictional Dilemma	467	(1)
Technology	468	(1)
Personnel Practices	469	(1)
What Works and Evidence-Based Policing	470	(3)
Global Crime and the Need for a Global Police Organization	473	(5)
The Link between Global Terrorism and Global Crime Organizations	474	(1)
Obstacles to International Police Cooperation	475	(1)
The Need for Cross-National Police Services	476	(1)
The Investigation of Cross-National Crime	477	(1)
The World Is Flat in the Twenty-First Century	478	(6)
Twenty-First-Century Facts for Proactive Police Managers: Context Is Everything	478	(1)
How Did This Flat World Happen?	478	(1)
Reality Check	479	(1)
How Does This Flat World Affect Police Managers?	480	(2)
Proactive Rural Policing	482	(1)
The Proactive Community Policing Management Model	482	(2)
Conclusion	484	(1)
Questions for Review	485	(1)
Class Project	485	(1)
Bibliography	485	(2)
Index	487