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9781860940620

Transgenic Plants: With an Appedix on Intellectual Properties & Commercialisation of Transgenic Plants by John Barton

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9781860940620

  • ISBN10:

    1860940625

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1997-09-01
  • Publisher: WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUB CO INC
  • Purchase Benefits
List Price: $59.00
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    $142.88
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Summary

Presents the essence of transgenic plant production. Reviews the available methodologies and covers transgenic plants that were produced for crop improvement and for yielding valuable products. Includes an appendix on commercialization of transgenic plants.

Table of Contents

Preface v
Chapter 1. The Concept: Integration and Expression of Alien Genes in Transgenic Plants
1(12)
1.1. Definitions of Gene Transfer
1(3)
1.2. Horizontal Gene Transfer in Cellular Evolution
4(2)
1.3. Early Attempts to Establish Transgenic Plants
6(6)
1.4. Summary
12(1)
Chapter 2. Transformation Approaches
13(31)
2.1. Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Plants
13(21)
2.1.1. The first 70 years of crown gall research
13(4)
2.1.2. The "molecular" era of Agrobacterium and crown gall research
17(7)
2.1.3. The emergence of agrobacteria as mediators of genetic transformation in plants
24(4)
2.1.4. Molecular mechanisms of T-DNA transfer into the plant's genome
28(4)
2.1.5. Protocolsfor Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of plants
32(2)
2.2. Direct Genetic Transformation
34(7)
2.2.1. Direct transformation of DNA into protoplasts
36(2)
2.2.2. Genetic transformation by the biolistic process
38(3)
2.3 Approaches to Genetic Transformation of Plants -- Concluding Remarks
41(3)
Chapter 3. Tools for Genetic Transformation
44(30)
3.1. The Main Components of Plant Genes
44(5)
3.2. Transformation Vectors
49(4)
3.2.1. Fundamental considerations
49(1)
3.2.2. Binary vectors
50(2)
3.2.3. Helper plasmids
52(1)
3.2.4. DNA constructs for "direct" transformation
53(1)
3.3. Promoters, Terminators, Selectable Genes and Reporter Genes
53(21)
3.3.1. Promoters
54(6)
General purpose and specific promoters
55(1)
Promoters for "monocots"
56(3)
Some general remarks on promoters
59(1)
3.3.2. Terminators
60(2)
3.3.3. Selectable genes
62(4)
Neomycin phosphotransferase
64(1)
Hygromycin phosphotransferase
64(1)
Phosphinothricin acetyltransferase
65(1)
General remarks on selectable genes
66(1)
3.3.4. Reporter genes
66(6)
Chloramphenicol acetyl transferase -- CAT
68(1)
P-Glucuronidase -- GUS
68(1)
Luciferase
69(1)
Green fluorescent protein
70(2)
Sweet is transgenic
72(1)
3.3.5. Killer genes
72(2)
Chapter 4. Regulation of Heterologous Gene Expression
74(49)
4.1. Functional Analysis of the CaMV 35S Promoter
78(2)
4.2. Detailed Analysis of a Minimal Promoter: In Vitro Studies
80(1)
4.3. External Factors Affecting Promoter Activity Light Responsive Elements
81(3)
4.4. Endogenous Factors Affecting Gene Expression Abscisic-Acid-Induced Cis Acting Elements
84(3)
4.5. Combination of Various Responsive Elements
87(2)
4.6. Tissue and Cell Specificity
89(3)
4.6.1. Tuber specificity and sucrose induction of patatin expression
89(1)
4.6.2. Pollen-specific elements
90(1)
4.6.3. Regulation of expression by the 5 and 3 flanking sequences and the leader intron
91(1)
4.7. Introns
92(1)
4.8. Targeting Sequences to Cellular Organelles
93(11)
4.8.1. Unique features of plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its relationship to the Golgi complex
94(1)
4.8.2. Signal-mediated sorting of proteins to the plant vacuole and retention in ER-derived protein bodies
95(2)
4.8.3. Targeting proteins to the nucleus
97(1)
4.8.4. Protein targeting to peroxisomes and glyoxysomes
98(1)
4.8.5. Protein targeting into the chloroplast
99(3)
4.8.6. Protein targeting into and within the mitochondria
102(2)
4.9. mRNA 5' and 3' Untranslated Regions Affect Gene Expression
104(4)
4.10. The SAR/MAR Effect on Gene Expression
108(4)
4.11. Plant Transcription Factors
112(4)
4.12. Gene Silencing
116(4)
4.13. Antisense RNA
120(3)
Chapter 5. Crop Improvement
123(89)
5.1. Crop Protection
125(46)
5.1.1. Protection against biotic stresses
125(39)
5.1.1.1 Viruses
125(11)
5.1.1.2. Fungal pathogens
136(6)
5.1.1.3. Bacteria
142(3)
5.1.1.4. Nematodes
145(1)
5.1.1.5. Insects
146(8)
5.1.1.6. Weeds
154(10)
5.1.1.7. Parasitic angiosperms
164(1)
5.1.2. Protection against abiotic stresses
164(7)
5.1.2.1. Protection against oxidative stress and against salinity, drought and cold stresses
166(5)
5.1.2.2. Tolerance against metal toxicity
171(1)
5.2. Improvement of Crop Quality
171(25)
5.2.1. Improvement of nutritional quality
172(19)
5.2.2. Improvement of post-harvest qualities
191(5)
5.3. Ornamentals
196(11)
5.3.1. Extension of flower-life
197(1)
5.3.2. Pigmentation
198(9)
5.3.3. Fragrances
207(1)
5.4. Male-sterility for hybrid seed production
207(5)
Chapter 6. Manufacture of Valuable Products
212(37)
6.1. Transient Expression
214(3)
6.2. Stable Expression
217(32)
6.2.1. Production of antigens
221(2)
6.2.2. Production of antibodies
223(11)
6.2.2.1. Background
223(3)
6.2.2.2. Examples
226(8)
6.2.3. Other products
234(15)
6.2.3.1. Oligopeptides and proteins
236(2)
6.2.3.2. Sugar oligomers and polymers
238(1)
6.2.3.3. Alkaloids and phenolics
239(2)
6.2.3.4. Volatile (essential) oils
241(1)
6.2.3.5. Degradable polymers
242(2)
6.2.3.6. Enzymes for man and other animals
244(5)
Chapter 7. Benefits and Risks of Producing Transgenic Plants
249(5)
Appendix. Intellectual Property and Regulatory Requirements Affecting the Commercialisation of Transgenic Plants 254(27)
A.1. The International Intellectual Property System 255(2)
A.2. Plant Variety Protection 257(3)
A.3. The Regular Patent System 260(12)
A.3.1. Patent system concepts 260(2)
A.3.2. Important differences among national systems 262(2)
A.3.3. Typical coverage of actual patents 264(5)
A.3.4. Implications for commercial firms 269(3)
A.4. Trade Secrecy and Material Transfer Agreements 272(2)
A.5. Biosafety and Product Labelling Considerations 274(2)
A.6. Summary 276(1)
References 277(4)
References 281(84)
Index 365

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