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9780854046607

The Third Dimension

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780854046607

  • ISBN10:

    0854046607

  • Edition: CD
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2002-10-01
  • Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

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Summary

The three-dimensional aspects of molecular shape can be crucial to both properties and reactions. The Third Dimension explores the arrangements of atoms in molecules and in different types of solids. Initial chapters describe the common crystal structures and how they are related to close-packed arrangements of ions. Metallic, ionic, molecular and extended covalent crystals are covered; major types of crystal defects are also discussed. The book then introduces isomerism, and explores the stereochemical consequences of the tetrahedral carbon atom. Chirality is also investigated. The book concludes with a Case Study on Liquid Crystals, which describes structures, properties and applications. As visualisation in 3D is an important part of this book, the accompanying CD-ROMs provide video material, interactive questions and exercises using models to aid understanding of crystals, organic molecules and stereochemistry, All necessary programs are provided.

Table of Contents

PART 1 CRYSTALS
Lesley Smart
Introduction
11(4)
Structures Of Metals
15(14)
Close-packing in two dimensions
15(1)
Close-packing in three dimensions
16(8)
Body-centred and primitive cubic structures
24(4)
Summary of Section 2
28(1)
The Internal Structure of a Crystal
29(17)
Lattice points and lattices
29(8)
The unit cell
37(7)
Summary of Section 3
44(2)
Ionic Solids
46(23)
Structures with the general formula MX
47(9)
The caesium chloride (CsCl) structure
47(1)
Unit cell projections---packing diagrams
48(1)
The sodium chloride (NaCl) structure
49(6)
The zinc blende (ZnS) or sphalerite structure
55(1)
Structures with the general formula MX2
56(5)
The fluorite and antifluorite structures
56(3)
The cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and cadmium iodide (CdI2) structures
59(1)
The rutile structure
60(1)
Other important crystal structures
61(7)
Corundum, α-Al2O3
61(2)
Rhenium trioxide, ReO3
63(1)
The perovskite structure
64(1)
The spinel (MgAl2O4) structure
65(3)
Summary of Section 4
68(1)
Ionic Radii
69(13)
Interaculear distances in ionic crystals
70(1)
Trends in ionic radii
71(1)
Determination of ionic radii
72(5)
Crystal structure and ionic size
77(2)
Moving away from the ionic model
79(2)
Summary of Section 5
81(1)
Extended Covalent Structures
82(7)
Summary of Section 6
88(1)
Molecular Crystals
89(11)
Bonding In Crystals
89(3)
Radii of atoms and ions
92(1)
Molecular crystals
93(6)
Summary of Section 7
99(1)
Defects In Crystals
100(5)
Stoichiometric defects
100(3)
Colour centres
103(1)
Non-stoichiometric compounds
103(1)
Summary of Section 8
104(1)
Summary of the Third Dimension: Crystals
105(16)
Learning Outcomes
106(3)
Questions: Answers and Comments
109(8)
Answers to Computer Activities
117(1)
Further Reading
118(1)
Acknowledgements
118(3)
PART 2 MOLECULAR SHAPE
Michael Gagan
The Tetrahedral Carbon Atom
121(5)
Molecular Conformation
126(2)
Summary of Section 2
127(1)
The Representation of Molecules
128(8)
Constitutional (Structural) Isomerism
136(3)
Stereoisomers of Molecules Containing Double Bonds
139(9)
Some Other geometrical isomers
146(2)
Chirality
148(12)
Summary of Sections 5 and 6
158(2)
Molecules With More Than One Chiral Atom
160(5)
Summary of Section 7
164(1)
Stereochemisrty of Saturated Ring Compounds
165(2)
Three- and Four-Membered Rings
165(1)
Summary of Section 8
166(1)
Conclusion
167(30)
Appendix A Brief Survey Of Organic Functional Groups
169(6)
Learning Outcomes
175(2)
Questions: Answers and Comments
177(9)
Answers to Exercises
186(2)
Answers to Model Exercises
188(6)
Further Reading
194(1)
Acknowledgements
194(3)
CASE STUDY: LIQUID CRYSTALS --- THE FOURTH STATE OF MATTER
Corrie Imrie
The Discovery
197(5)
The Fourth State of Matter
202(1)
Types of Liquid Crystals
203(3)
Liquid Crystal Phases
206(2)
Identifying Liquid Crystal Phases
208(2)
Molecular Structure and Liquid Crystallinity
210(2)
Liquid Crystal Display Devices
212(3)
Chirality and Liquid Crystals
215(2)
Discotic Liquid Crystals
217(2)
Liquid Crystal Polymers
219(4)
Side-Group Liquid Crystal Polymers
223(3)
Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
226(2)
Liquid Crystals and Life
228(2)
What Next?
230(1)
Further Reading 231(1)
Acknowledgements 231(1)
Index 232(8)
CD-ROM Information 240

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The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

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