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9789953901909

Darwin And the Crisis of 1882 in the Medical Department: And the First Student Protest in the Arab World in the Syrian Protestant College (Now the American University of Beirut)

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9789953901909

  • ISBN10:

    9953901902

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2005-07-30
  • Publisher: Amer Univ of Beirut
  • Purchase Benefits
List Price: $25.00

Table of Contents

FOREWORD IX
PREFACE XIII
IN APPRECIATION XVI
NOTES ON TRANSLATION AND TRANSLITERATION XVII
PART I INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1 THE SYRIAN PROTESTANT COLLEGE
2
Establishment of the College
Organizing the College
The Medical Department
CHAPTER 2 THE FORGOTTEN CRISIS
8
Suppressing News of the Crisis
Newspapers Neglect the Crisis
Jurji Zeidan's Memoirs in Al Hilal
Discussion of the Crisis in Awraq Lubnaniyya
The American Failure
The Penrose Book
The Dodge Book
Unavailability of Resources
CHAPTER 3 THE RECENT INTEREST IN STUDYING THE CRISIS
15
Collecting Original Documents at the American University of Beirut
Most Important References about the Crisis in the Archives and Library of the University
Published References
The Yusuf Khoury Thesis
The Research of Abdul Latif Tibawi
The Crisis as Presented in the Festival Book
Nabih Fares Publishes Part of the Jurji Zeidan Memoirs
The Publication of Zeidan's Complete Memoirs
Nadia Farag on the Crisis, 1972
John Munro on the Crisis, 1977
Donald Leavitt on the Crisis, 1981
Farid Haddad on the Crisis, 1984
Adel Ziadat on the Crisis, 1986
PART II THE CRISIS
CHAPTER 4 REASONS FOR THE CRISIS
30
What Caused the Crisis?
Where is the Truth?
The Religious Factor
The Psychological Factor: Competition and Jealousy
Lewis: His Liberal and Dynamic Personality
William Van Dyck and Charles Darwin
Fear of the Liberal Influence on Teachers and Young Students
Darwin and Al Muqtataf
CHAPTER 5 "THE LEWIS AFFAIR"
41
The Lewis Speech Causes the Controversy
Bliss Criticizes the Speech
Hurani Praises Lewis and Defends Darwin
James Dennis Criticizes the Speech
Replies to the Dennis Commentary
Conservative Missionaries Report Lewis to the Board of Trustees
Lewis Defends Himself and Decides to Resign
Booth Acquits Lewis of the Charge of Heresy
The Conservatives Resume the Fierce Attack on Lewis
The Board of Trustees Accepts the Resignation of Dr. Lewis
Attempt to Justify the Position of President Bliss
CHAPTER 6 THE STUDENT PROTEST: THE FIRST STUDENT PROTEST IN THE ARAB WORLD
52
How the Protest Started
Memorandum of Protest on the Dismissal of Lewis
Reply of the Faculty to the Students on Strike
Temporary Suspension of the Strike
The Students Appeal Their Case to the Board of Managers
The Board of Managers Meeting
Students Object to the Decision of the Managers
The Faculty Attempt to Induce the Students to Return
PART III EFFECTS AND CONSEQUENCES
CHAPTER 7 THE FATE OF THE STUDENTS
74
Concerning the Number of Medical Students
Punishing Those Who Signed the Complaint against Post and Bliss
Resuming Classes after the Winter Vacation
Return of Normal Life to the College
CHAPTER 8 THE FATE OF THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT
83
The College Is in Danger
Decrease in the Number of Students
The Resignation of Professors of the Medical Department
The Resignation of Members of the Board of Managers
The Critical Psychological State
Overcoming the Greatest Danger
The Rivalry of the Jesuit French Medical Institute
Competition from Medical Schools Abroad
The Ottoman Government Confers Special Privileges upon the French Medical Institute
Making the SPC Medical School Equal to the French Medical Institute
CHAPTER 9 THE COLLEGE ADOPTS A STRICT CONSERVATIVE POLICY
99
The Lesson of the Crisis
The New Religious Policy
The Declaration of Principles
The Choice of Teachers
The Racial Policy
The Conservatives Adhere to Their Stringent Policy Despite Criticisms
Gradual Abandonment of the Stringent Policy
CHAPTER 10 ENGLISH AS THE TEACHING LANGUAGE
107
The Three Stages in the Use of Arabic as a Teaching Language
The English Language as Obligatory, 1875
The Decision to Adopt English in the Medical Department
English as the Teaching Language Since 1883
CHAPTER 11 THE DISMISSAL OF YA`QUB SARRUF AND FARES NIMR
121
The Two Tutor Friends
The Issue of Teaching Chemistry and Biology
Dodge's Plan Concerning Sarruf and Nimr
The Resolution to Promote Sarruf and Nimr
The Decision to Dismiss Sarruf and Nimr
Reasons for the Dismissal
How Sarruf and Nimr Received Their Dismissal
Al Muqtataf Raises the Lewis Affair Once Again
The College Bestows Honorary Doctoral Degrees on Sarruf and Nimr
CHAPTER 12 SHIBLY SHMAYYEL SPREADS DARWINISM IN ARABIC
139
Indirect Reply to the Lewis Affair
Shibly Shmayyel
Büchner's Conferences on Darwinism
Translating Bachner's Explanation of Darwinism
The Reactions to Büchner's Explanation
Shmayyel's Replies to His Opponents and Counterparts
The Diffusion of Darwinism Despite the Protests
CONCLUSION 152
APPENDICES 155
REFERENCES 186
INDEX 192

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