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9780195069488

A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature

by ; ; ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780195069488

  • ISBN10:

    019506948X

  • Edition: 3rd
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 1992-10-01
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Summary

Now in its fourth edition, A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature has become a standard introduction to the close reading of literature. It offers students and other readers a variety of ways to interpret a piece of literature, ranging from traditional approaches through the formalist, the psychological, the mythic and archetypal, and into such contemporary approaches as feminist criticism and cultural studies. Applying these diverse approaches to the same five works, the book shows students how various methods offer different insights, enriching their response to and understanding of the individual work. This fourth edition features a new chapter on cultural studies and the inclusion and interpretation of Alice Walker's singularly rich short story, "Everyday Use."

Author Biography

John R. Willingham is Professor Emeritus of English at the University of Kansas. Jeanne C. Reesman is Ashbel Smith Professor of English at the University of Texas at San Antonio. Lee Morgan is Professor Emeritus of English at Centenary College. Earle Labor is George A. Wilson Professor of American Literature at Centenary College. Wilfred L. Guerin is Professor Emeritus of English at Louisiana State University.

Table of Contents

Illustrations
Preface
Getting Started: The Precritical Response
Setting
Plot
Character
Structure
Style
Atmosphere
Theme
First Things First: Texual Scholarship, Genres, And Source Study
First, a Note on the Traditional Approaches
Three Foundational Questions
Textual Scholarship: Do We Have an Accurate Version of What We Are Studying?
General Observations
Text Study in Practice
Matters of Genre: What Are We Dealing With?
An Overview of Genre
Genre Characteristics in Practice
Source Study: Did Earlier Writings Help This Work Come into Being?
Historical And Biographical Approaches
General Observations
Historical and Biographical Approaches in Practice
""To His Coy Mistress""
Hamlet
Huckleberry Finn
""Young Goodman Brown""
""Everyday Use""
Frankenstein
Moral And Philosophical Approaches
General Observations
Moral and Philosophical Approaches in Practice
""To His Coy Mistress""
Hamlet
Huckleberry Finn
""Young Goodman Brown""
""Everyday Use""
Frankenstein
The Formalist Approach
Reading a Poem: An Introduction to the Formalist Approach
The Process of Formalist Analysis: Making the Close Reader
A Brief History of Formalist Criticism
The Course of a Half Century
Backgrounds of Formalist Theory
The New Criticism
Constants of the Formalist Approach: Some Key Concepts, Terms, and Devices
Form and Organic Form
Texture, Image, Symbol
Fallacies
Point of View
The Speaker's Voice
Tension, Irony, Paradox
The Formalist Approach in Practice
Word, Image, and Theme: Space-Time Metaphors in ""To His Coy Mistress""
The Dark, the Light, and the Pink: Ambiguity as Form in ""Young Goodman Brown""
Virtues and Vices
Symbol or Allegory?
Loss upon Loss
Romance and Reality, Land and River: The Journey as Repetitive Form in Huckleberry Finn
Dialectic as Form: The Trap Metaphor in Hamlet
The Trap Imagery
The Cosmological Trap
""Seeming"" and ""Being""
""Seeing"" and ""Knowing""
Irony and Narrative Voice: A Formalist Approach to ""Everyday Use""
Frankenstein: A Formalist Reading, with an Emphasis on Exponents
Limitations of the Formalist Approach
The Psychological Approach: Freud
Aims and Principles
Abuses and Misunderstandings of the Psychological Approach
Freud's Theories
The Psychological Approach in Practice
Hamlet: The Oedipus Complex
Rebellion Against the Father in Huckleberry Finn
Prometheus Manque The Monster Unbound
""Young Goodman Brown"": Id Versus Superego
Death Wish in Poe's Fiction
Love and Death in Blake's ""Sick Rose""
Sexual Imagery in ""To His Coy Mistress""
Morality over the Pleasure Principle in ""Everyday Use""
Other Possibilities and Limitations of the Psychological Approach
Mythological And Archetypal Approaches
Definitions and Misconceptions
Some Examples of Archetypes
Images
Archetypal Motifs or Patterns
Archetypes as Genres
Myth Criticism in Practice
Anthropology and Its Uses
The Sacrificial Hero: Hamlet
Archetypes of Time and Immortality: ""To His Coy Mistress""
Jungian Psychology and Its Archetypal Insights
Some Special Archetypes: Shadow, Persona, and Anima
""Young Goodman Brown"": A Failure of Individuation
Creature or Creator: Who Is the Real Monster in Frankenstein?
Syntheses of Jung and Anthropology
Myth Criticism and the American Dream: Huckleberry Finn as the American Adam
""Everyday Use"": The Great [Grand]Mother
Limitations of Myth Criticism
Feminisms And Gender Studies
Feminisms and Feminist Literary Criticism: Definitions
Woman: Created or Constructed?
Feminism and Psychoanalysis
Multicultural Feminisms
Marxist Feminism
Feminist Film Studies
Gender Studies
Feminisms in Practice
The Marble Vault: The Mistress in ""To His Coy Mistress""
Frailty, Thy Name Is Hamlet: Hamlet and Women
""The Workshop of Filthy Creation"": Men and Women in Frankenstein
Mary and Percy, Author and Editor
Masculinity and Femininity in the Frankenstein Family
""I Am Thy Creature . . .""
Men, Women, and the Loss of Faith in ""Young Goodman Brown""
Women and ""Sivilization"" in Huckleberry Finn
""In Real Life"": Recovering the Feminine Past in ""Everyday Use""
The Future of Feminist Literary Studies and Gender Studies: Some Problems and Limitations
Cultural Studies
What Is (or Are) ""Cultural Studies""?
Five Types of Cultural Studies
British Cultural Materialism
New Historicism
American Multiculturalism
African American Writers
Latina/o Writers
American Indian Literatures
Asian American Writers
Postmodernism and Popular Culture
Postmodernism
Popular Culture
Postcolonial Studies
Cultural Studies in Practice
Two Characters in Hamlet: Marginalization with a Vengeance
""To His Coy Mistress"": Implied Culture Versus Historical Fact
From Paradise Lost to Frank-N-Furter: The Creature Lives!
Revolutionary Births
The Frankenpheme in Popular Culture: Fiction, Drama, Film, Television
""The Lore of Fiends"": Hawthorne and His Market
""Telling the Truth, Mainly"": Tricksterism in Huckleberry Finn
Cultures in Conflict: A Story Looks at Cultural Change
Limitations of Cultural Studies
The Play Of Meaning(S): Reader-Response Criticism, Dialogics, And Structuralism And Poststructuralism, Including Deconstruction
Reader-Response Criticism
Dialogics
Structuralism and Poststructuralism, Including Deconstruction
Structuralism: Context and Definition
The Linguistic Model
Russian Formalism: Extending Saussure
Structuralism, Levi Strauss, and Semiotics
French Structuralism: Codes and Decoding
British and American Interpreters
Poststructuralism: Deconstruction
Epilogue
Andrew Marvell, ""To His Coy Mistress""
Nathaniel Hawthorne, ""Young Goodman Brown""
Alice Walker, ""Everyday Use: for your grandmama""
Index
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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