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9780137937950

Architectural Acoustics

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780137937950

  • ISBN10:

    0137937954

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1999-01-01
  • Publisher: Pearson College Div
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List Price: $124.40

Summary

Written by two educators and a practicing acoustical consultant, this reader-friendly book/reference coversall the important issues of architectural acoustics in a single volume --AND features a dual-level presentation that meets the needs of both those seeking depth and rigor, and those requiring a broad, practical perspective. Synthesizing acoustical theory with its practical applications, it provides exhaustivenarrative coverage of the subject (including advanced optional content and extensive mathematical appendixes) and extensivehigh-quality stand-alone illustrations -- for those who need to grasp concepts quickly without wading through long descriptions of complex acoustical phenomena. Explainscomplex acoustical phenomena and their practical details with relative ease. Providesover 500 stand-alone illustrations -- that, together with a cursory reading of the text, enable readers to grasp concepts quickly --without wading through long descriptions of complex acoustical phenomena. Containsa comprehensive list of important formulas in architectural acoustics.

Table of Contents

Preface ix
1 The Physics of Sound
1(24)
1.1 Wave motion
1(3)
1.2 Sound Frequency
4(4)
1.3 Sound Velocity, Particle Velocity and Wavelength
8(3)
1.4 The Decibel Scale
11(3)
1.5 Combining Sound Levels
14(3)
1.6 Sound Attenuation by Distance
17(3)
1.7 Sound Fields
20(5)
2 Sound Measurement and Hearing
25(12)
2.1 Sound Level Meter
25(3)
2.2 The Ear's Sensitivity
28(3)
2.3 The Haas Effect
31(4)
2.4 Sound Masking
35(1)
2.5 Binaural Hearing
36(1)
3 Sound Reflection, Diffraction and Diffusion
37(24)
3.1 The Boundary Phenomena
37(2)
3.2 Absorption Coefficient of Sound
39(1)
3.3 Sound Diffraction
39(2)
3.4 The Relevance of Acoustical Shadows
41(3)
3.5 Acoustical Transparency of a Screen
44(4)
3.6 Diffuse and Specular Reflections
48(1)
3.7 Sound Diffusion
49(3)
3.8 Sound Diffusers
52(5)
3.9 Source-Image Relationship in Specular Reflection
57(1)
3.10 Flutter Echo
58(3)
4 Sound Absorbing Materials
61(26)
4.1 Rating of Sound Absorbing Materials
61(2)
4.2 Types of Sound Absorbing Materials
63(1)
4.3 Porous Absorbers
64(4)
4.4 Applications of Porous Absorbers
68(5)
4.5 Panel Absorbers
73(3)
4.6 Volume Absorbers
76(4)
4.7 Screens and Perforated Panels as Absorbers
80(1)
4.8 Mounting Conditions
81(1)
4.9 Acoustical Tile Ceiling
82(1)
4.10 Acoustical Plaster and Draperies
83(1)
4.11 Audience and Air Absorption in Halls
84(3)
5 Principles of Airborne Sound Insulation
87(28)
5.1 Airborne and Structure-borne Sounds
87(3)
5.2 Sound Transmission Loss
90(1)
5.3 Sound Absorption and Sound Insulation
91(1)
5.4 Single-Leaf Panel-The Mass Law
92(1)
5.5 Single-Leaf Panel -- The Coincidence Effect
93(4)
5.6 Transmission Loss of a Two-Leaf Panel
97(3)
5.7 Panels of Three or More Leaves
100(1)
5.8 Sound Transmission Class
101(2)
5.9 Overall Transmission Loss of an Assembly
103(2)
5.10 Sound Leaks and Flanking Transmission
105(3)
5.11 Laboratory STC Versus Field STC
108(1)
5.12 Ceiling Sound Transmission Class
108(1)
5.13 Outdoor-Indoor Transmission Class
109(6)
6 Airborne Sound Insulation Practice
115(28)
6.1 Concrete Walls and Slabs
117(1)
6.2 Single-Leaf Masonry Walls
118(2)
6.3 Masonry Cavity Walls
120(2)
6.4 Furred Masonry Walls
122(2)
6.5 Lightweight Gypsum Board Assemblies
124(5)
6.6 Sound Leaks and the Control of Flanking Paths
129(5)
6.7 Sound Insulating Windows
134(4)
6.8 Sound Insulating Doors
138(5)
7 Structure-borne Sound Insulation (Impact Isolation)
143(16)
7.1 Impact Insulation Class (IIC)
144(2)
7.2 Strategies to Increase Impact Insulation
146(1)
7.3 Soft or Resilient Floor Covering
146(1)
7.4 Floating Floor
147(7)
7.5 Resiliently Attached Ceiling
154(1)
7.6 Discontinuity in Floor and Ceiling
154(5)
8 Noise Control in Buildings
159(30)
8.1 Interior Noise Criteria
161(8)
8.2 Interior Noise Legislation
169(1)
8.3 Interior Noise Control Through Architectural Design
170(2)
8.4 Interior Noise Control Through Sound Absorptive Treatment
172(3)
8.5 Interior Noise Control Through Barriers
175(4)
8.6 Exterior Noise Criteria
179(1)
8.7 Exterior Noise Control Through Site Planning
180(2)
8.8 Exterior Noise Control Through Barriers
182(7)
9 Control of HVAC Noise
189(18)
9.1 HVAC Systems
189(4)
9.2 Noise Attenuation in Ducts
193(4)
9.3 Noise Generated by Air Flow
197(2)
9.4 Sound Radiation by Duct Walls
199(2)
9.5 Cross Transmission in Ducts
201(1)
9.6 Estimating HVAC Noise Levels
202(3)
9.7 Active Noise Control in HVAC Systems
205(2)
10 The Behavior of Sound in Rooms
207(22)
10.1 Impulse Response of a Room
207(3)
10.2 Impulse Diagram and Sound Diffusion
210(2)
10.3 Reverberation Time
212(2)
10.4 Significance of Reverberation Time
214(2)
10.5 Reverberation Time Calculations
216(1)
10.6 Optimum Reverberation Times
217(3)
10.7 Coupled Room
220(2)
10.8 Behavior of Sound in a Small Room
222(7)
11 Design of Rooms for Speech
229(30)
11.1 Speaker-Listener Distance
230(2)
11.2 Balcony and Hall Depth
232(4)
11.3 Room Shape
236(2)
11.4 Room Volume
238(1)
11.5 Reflecting and Absorbing Parts of a Room
239(3)
11.6 Floor Rake
242(6)
11.7 Ceiling Reflections
248(6)
11.8 Ambient Noise
254(1)
11.9 Sound Reinforcement Systems
254(1)
11.10 Special Considerations for Classrooms
254(5)
12 Design of Rooms for Music-Concert Halls and Music Practice Rooms
259(30)
12.1 Musical Attributes and Acoustical Phenomena
260(1)
12.2 Early Decay Time and Clarity
261(5)
12.3 Intimacy
266(2)
12.4 Spaciousness
268(7)
12.5 Warmth and Brilliance
275(1)
12.6 Loudness
276(2)
12.7 Concert Hall Design Procedure
278(1)
12.8 Preliminary Design of a Concert Hall
279(4)
12.9 Music Practice Rooms
283(6)
13 Theaters, Multipurpose Halls, Cinema Halls and Studios
289(18)
13.1 Drama Theaters
289(5)
13.2 Multipurpose Halls
294(2)
13.3 Cinema Halls
296(5)
13.4 Recording and Broadcasting Studios
301(6)
14 Speech Intelligibility, Speech Privacy and Open-Plan Offices
307(20)
14.1 Speech Intelligibility
307(6)
14.2 Speech Privacy
313(4)
14.3 Acoustical Design Principles of Open-Plan Offices
317(3)
14.4 Speech Privacy in an Open-Plan Office
320(7)
15 Vibration Isolation
327(14)
15.1 Vibration Control Strategies
328(1)
15.2 Fundamentals of Vibration Isolation
329(5)
15.3 Types of Isolators
334(3)
15.4 Isolator Bases
337(2)
15.5 Isolation System Design
339(2)
16 Sound Reinforcement Systems
341(34)
16.1 Loudspeakers
343(5)
16.2 Microphones
348(1)
16.3 Amplifiers
349(1)
16.4 Fundamentals of Sound Reinforcement
350(5)
16.5 Loudspeaker Location
355(5)
16.6 Computer-aided Sound System Design
360(1)
16.7 Electronic Architecture
360(3)
Review Questions
363(12)
Appendixes 375(58)
A SI System of Units 375(4)
B Decibel Addition--The Exact Procedure 379(4)
C Standing Waves and Normal Modes of Vibration 383(10)
D Principles of a Quadratic Residue Diffuser 393(2)
E Flat Floor Depth and Raked Floor Slope 395(4)
F Overall Transmission Loss of an Assembly 399(4)
G Reverberation Time Equations 403(4)
H Sound Absorption Coefficient Data 407(6)
I Impact Insulation Class Data 413(1)
J Sound Transmission Loss Data 414(11)
K Important Formulas in Architectural Acoustics 425(8)
Glossary of Terms 433(10)
Index 443

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