What is included with this book?
Foreword | p. xiii |
Abstract | p. xv |
Executive Summary | p. xvii |
Overview of Catalysis by Nanostructured Materials | |
Introduction to the Study | p. 1 |
Approach and Methodologies | p. 5 |
Report Structure | p. 8 |
Bibliometric analysis | p. 8 |
Investment Models and Trends | p. 12 |
The United States | p. 12 |
Asia | p. 13 |
Western Europe | p. 15 |
Summary | p. 18 |
General Observations | p. 20 |
Technical Themes of the Study | p. 22 |
Conclusions | p. 23 |
References | p. 24 |
Synthesis of Nanostructured Catalysts | |
Introduction | p. 25 |
Rhenium Clusters in Zeolite ZSM-5 | p. 28 |
Novel Propene Partial Oxidation Catalysts | p. 30 |
Mesoporosity Designed into Microporous Catalysts | p. 31 |
Micro-mesoporous zeolites by design of organic-inorganic surfactants | p. 32 |
Micro-mesoporous zeolites from carbon templates | p. 34 |
Micro-mesoporous catalysts by assembly of nanoparticles | p. 35 |
Synthesis of Extra-Large-Pore Zeolite ITQ-33 | p. 36 |
Heteropolyanions as Precursors for Desulfurization Catalysts | p. 39 |
Final Remarks | p. 40 |
References | p. 40 |
Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanostructured Catalysts | |
Background | p. 43 |
Laboratory Characterization Methods | p. 44 |
Overview | p. 44 |
New spectroscopic capabilities and adaptations to standard laboratory instruments | p. 45 |
Synchrotron Methods | p. 52 |
Overview | p. 52 |
Scattering techniques | p. 53 |
Millibar XPS at BESSY synchrotron (Germany) | p. 58 |
Conclusions | p. 60 |
References | p. 61 |
Electron and Tunneling Microscopy of Nanostructured Catalysts | |
Introduction | p. 65 |
Overview of high resolution characterization techniques | p. 66 |
General Characterization of Catalyst Particles | p. 70 |
Nanostructure Characterization Under Working Conditions | p. 74 |
Effect of environment on surface structure and reactivity | p. 75 |
Future Trends | p. 85 |
Summary | p. 87 |
References | p. 87 |
Theory and Simulation in Catalysis | |
Introduction | p. 91 |
Computational Catalysis: Where Are We Today? | p. 94 |
Methods and Their Applications | p. 94 |
Electronic structure methods | p. 94 |
Atomic and molecular simulations | p. 98 |
Dynamics | p. 99 |
Kinetics | p. 100 |
Snapshot of the Efforts in Europe and Asia | p. 101 |
Europe | p. 101 |
Asia | p. 106 |
Comparison of Europe, Asia, and the United States | p. 107 |
Universal Trends | p. 110 |
The good news | p. 110 |
The not-so-good news | p. 112 |
Examples of Applications of Theory and Simulation | p. 114 |
Connecting theory and spectroscopy | p. 114 |
Modeling more realistic reaction environments | p. 121 |
Applications to energy | p. 129 |
Simulating catalytic performance | p. 131 |
Design in heterogeneous catalysis | p. 135 |
From theory to synthesis | p. 138 |
Summary and Future Directions | p. 140 |
References | p. 143 |
Applications: Energy from Fossil Resources | |
Introduction | p. 151 |
Production of Liquid Fuels | p. 153 |
Catalysts for petroleum refining | p. 153 |
Catalysts for syngas conversion | p. 158 |
Production of Hydrogen | p. 160 |
University of Udine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy) | p. 163 |
University of Trieste, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy) | p. 164 |
Institute di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici (Italy) | p. 164 |
Tokyo Metropolitan University Department of Applied Chemistry | p. 165 |
Tsinghua University (China) | p. 165 |
Tianjin University (China) | p. 166 |
Fuel Cell Research | p. 167 |
University of Trieste, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy) | p. 167 |
Tsinghua University (China) | p. 168 |
Tianjin University (China) | p. 168 |
Environmental Catalysis | p. 169 |
Three-Way Catalysis | p. 170 |
Toyota Motor Corporation, Higashi-Fuji Technical Center | p. 170 |
NOx selective catalytic reduction | p. 170 |
CO2 reduction | p. 172 |
Summary | p. 175 |
Project highlights: Energy-centered catalysis R&D | p. 175 |
Regional characteristics of catalysis R&D for improving fossil energy production | p. 176 |
References | p. 176 |
Applications: Chemicals from Fossil Resources | |
Introduction | p. 185 |
Alkylation | p. 186 |
Dehydrogenation and Hydrogenation | p. 195 |
Dehydrogenation | p. 196 |
Hydrogenation | p. 204 |
Selective Oxidation | p. 212 |
Selective oxidation catalysis by nanosized gold and other noble metals | p. 213 |
Selective oxidation of lower alkanes by bulk mixed metal oxides | p. 218 |
Catalytic behavior of Mo-V-(Te-Nb)-O Ml phase catalysts | p. 220 |
On cooperation of M1 and M2 phases in propane ammoxidation | p. 221 |
Surface termination of M1 phase | p. 222 |
Future Trends | p. 224 |
References | p. 229 |
Applications: Renewable Fuels and Chemicals | |
Introduction | p. 239 |
Key Observations | p. 240 |
Biomass Conversion | p. 241 |
Biomass feedstocks | p. 241 |
Liquid fuels from biomass | p. 244 |
Biomass gasification and syngas conversion | p. 245 |
Fast pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading | p. 247 |
Liquid-phase/aqueous-phase catalytic processing | p. 251 |
Vegetable oil conversion | p. 252 |
Chemicals from biomass | p. 254 |
Bibliometric analysis of catalysis and biofuels | p. 255 |
Photocatalytic Water Splitting | p. 256 |
Conclusions | p. 258 |
References | p. 259 |
Panelists' Biographies | p. 263 |
Bibliometric Analysis of Catalysis Research, 1996-2005 | p. 273 |
Glossary | p. 291 |
Index | p. 299 |
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