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9780201760323

Telecommunications Essentials The Complete Global Source for Communications Fundamentals, Data Networking and the Internet, and Next-Generation Networks

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780201760323

  • ISBN10:

    0201760320

  • Edition: 1st
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2001-12-26
  • Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
  • View Upgraded Edition
  • Purchase Benefits
List Price: $54.99

Summary

I love telecommunications. It is powerful, and it empowers, with far reaching consequences. It has demonstrated the potential to transform society and business, and the revolution has only just begun. With the invention of the telephone, human communications and commerce were forever changed: Time and distance began to melt away as a barrier to doing business, keeping in touch with loved ones, and being able to immediately respond to major world events. Through the use of computers and telecommunications networks, humans have been able to extend their powers of thinking, influence, and productivity, just as those in the Industrial Age were able to extend the power of their muscles, or physical self, through the use of heavy machinery. Today, new inventions and developments once again are poising telecommunications as a force to be reckoned with, forever changing human communications and commerce, and introducing machines as members of the networked society. This is an exciting era, in which we face a host of new telecommunications technologies and applications that bring breathtaking new opportunities, particularly in the industries of entertainment, education, health care, government, advertising, lifestyle, and, sadly, warfare.

I have a favorite quote, from Eric Hoffer's Vanguard Management: "In a time of drastic change, it is the learners who inherit the future. The learned find themselves equipped to live in a world that no longer exists." The fact that you are reading this shows that you are aware of the monumental changes taking place in telecommunications infrastructures and usage, and are eager to learn what those are--as well you should be! This book is designed to provide a thorough foundation for understanding a wide range of telecommunications principles and technologies.

If you are new to the communications and information industry or simply want an understandable, yet comprehensive overview of telecommunications, this book is for you. Telecommunications Essentials will equip you with a blueprint on which you can build. The telecommunications landscape is vast, and for a newcomer, it is treacherous terrain to navigate. This book provides you with a logical progression in gluing together all the pieces of the telecommunications puzzle. This book will help you to master the basic building blocks of key technologies, from the principles of telecommunications transmission and networking to the current and evolving nature of the Internet, broadband architecture, and optical networking, addressing both wired and wireless alternatives.

What This Book Covers

This book provides a concentrated, high-level overview of the terminology and issues that comprise telecommunications, and it discusses the major telecommunications infrastructures, including the PSTN, the Internet, cable TV, and wireless.

The book is divided into three parts. Part I: Telecommunications Fundamentals explains the basics, the arts and sciences of telecommunications. It begins by explaining the factors that are contributing to the telecommunications revolution and talks about some of the exciting new technologies that are on the horizon. Part I gives you a good grounding in the basics of telecommunications technology and terminology, covering communications fundamentals, and including the characteristics and uses of the various transmission media. Part I also discusses the processes involved in establishing communications channels, examining the differences between circuit-switched and packet-switched networks, and it explores the nature of the PSTN.

Part II: Data Networking and the Internet introduces the basics of data communications and networking. It discusses today's wide-area and local-area networking alternatives, as well as how the public Internet is structured. It also explores next-generation network services, such as VPNs, Voice over IP, and streaming media.

Part III: Next-Generation Networks explores the realm of broadband networking and emerging technologies, including the near and distant future of communications and its convergence with related infotech industries. Part III covers next-generation network architectures, optical networking, broadband access alternatives, home area networking, and the realm of wireless communications.

In almost every aspect of life, it is important to put and keep things in context. A good idea in one situation might be a terrible idea in another situation. This is often the case with telecommunications; there is no one-size-fits-all be-all and end-all telecommunications solution. In assessing telecommunications needs, it is important to think about the prevailing conditions, so that you can choose the best transmission media, the best network architecture, and so on for the situation. It's also important to remember that prevailing conditions change. So, what's right for you today may change six months down the road. As you plan a telecommunications strategy, it is important to look as far into the future as you can, to make your network as adaptable to future innovations as possible.

Online Tools That Supplement the Book

As the founder and president of the LIDO Organization (www.telecomessentials.com), I have been involved in providing educational and advisory services to developers, suppliers, regulators, investors, consultants, and users of telecommunications technologies and networks since 1984. I want to share my knowledge of telecommunications with people in the format that best fits their learning styles. Some learn best in a classroom situation, where they can make eye contact with the instructor, view graphics while the instructor is explaining concepts, and ask questions in person. LIDO has been providing seminars for these learners for 17 years. Some people prefer to learn at their own pace, and they like the convenience and ability to track down further information that online learning affords. For these people, LIDO has provided e-learning programs (Web-delivered or via software license) since 1999. Yet other people learn best from books--when they can carry their learning tool with them anywhere and read and reread as time and circumstances allow. Therefore, I decided to write this book, to provide a comprehensive source on telecommunications essentials.

A 1775 quote from Samuel Johnson summarizes LIDO's approach to knowledge solutions in telecommunications: "Knowledge is of two kinds: We know a subject or we know where we can find information upon it." LIDO presents this book to help you learn, and it offers the Telecom Essentials Learning Center (www.telecomessentials.com/learningcenter) to help you keep learning. The Telecom Essentials Learning Center offers a number of helpful resources to help reinforce your telecommunications knowledge:

Online quizzes

The online quizzes allow you to test your knowledge after reading each chapter. The quizzes are designed to reinforce what you have learned and assess those areas where you might wish to review the chapter.

Online telecommunications glossary

The telecommunications vocabulary seems to grow daily. You can use the online glossary to search thousands of terms to find definitions quickly.

Student discussion forums

These forums are your place to meet other individuals interested in the telecom field. You will find groups where you can discuss course materials and current events in telecom and where you can make valuable connections with individuals around the world to help advance your telecom knowledge and contact bases.

Links to thousands of related Web sites

Each chapter is supported with links to recommended books, recommended magazines, and a comprehensive list of key sites to visit. This portal includes more than 6,000 links to important destinations in the world of telecom. <

Author Biography

Lillian Goleniewski is Founder and President of the LIDO Organization, Inc., an internationally acclaimed provider of education, information, and advisory services in the area of telecommunications technologies, services and networks.

Ms. Goleniewski lectures extensively on telecommunications technology and management topics throughout the world. She is the author and creator of LIDO Telecommunications Essentials® (www.telecomessentials.com). Ms. Goleniewski’s seminars and eLearning series have been conducted on an international basis since 1984, and are offered throughout Asia, Australia/New Zealand, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, North America and South America.

Prior to forming the LIDO Organization, Ms. Goleniewski held the position of telecommunications operations manager at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), the research and development arm of the U.S. utility industry. Before joining EPRI, Ms. Goleniewski was vice-president of operations for a San Francisco-based telecommunications consulting firm.

Ms. Goleniewski graduated Phi Beta Kappa and Summa Cum Laude from Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan. She holds a B.A. in psychology and has completed numerous post-graduate studies in information technologies as well as psychology. Ms. Goleniewski was the recipient of a NSF Award to conduct research in the area of human perception and information processing.



Table of Contents

Introduction xv
About the Author xix
Acknowledgments xxi
Part I Telecommunications Fundamentals 1(150)
Understanding the Telecommunications Revolution
3(18)
Changes in Telecommunications
4(12)
Incorporating Human Senses in Telecommunications
5(1)
The Emergence of Wearables
6(2)
Moving Toward Pervasive Computing
8(1)
Moving Toward Machine-to-Machine Communications
8(1)
Adapting to New Traffic Patterns
9(1)
Handling New Types of Applications
10(1)
Increasing Backbone Bandwidth
11(1)
Responding to Political and Regulatory Forces
11(5)
The New Public Network
16(2)
Convergence
18(3)
Telecommunications Technology Fundamentals
21(32)
Transmission Lines
21(7)
Circuits
22(2)
Channels
24(1)
Lines and Trunks
25(1)
Virtual Circuits
26(2)
Types of Network Connections
28(1)
The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Bandwidth
28(6)
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
28(4)
Bandwidth
32(2)
Analog and Digital Transmission
34(5)
Analog Transmission
35(1)
Digital Transmission
36(1)
Analog Versus Digital Transmission
37(1)
Conversion: Codecs and Modems
38(1)
Multiplexing
39(10)
FDM
41(2)
TDM
43(1)
STDM
43(1)
Intelligent Multiplexing
44(2)
Inverse Multiplexing
46(1)
WDM/DWDM
47(2)
Standards Organizations
49(4)
Transmission Media: Characteristics and Applications
53(42)
Twisted-pair
56(6)
Categories of Twisted-pair
57(1)
Applications of Twisted-pair
58(1)
Analog and Digital Twisted-pair
58(3)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Twisted-pair
61(1)
Coaxial Cable
62(4)
Characteristics of Coaxial
63(1)
Applications of Coaxial
64(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Coaxial
64(2)
Microwave
66(6)
Characteristics of Microwave
66(1)
Applications of Microwave
67(3)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Microwave
70(1)
Emerging Applications and Developments in Microwave
71(1)
Satellite
72(12)
Frequency Allocations of Satellite
74(2)
Satellite Network Segments
76(1)
Satellite Orbits
76(5)
Applications of Satellite
81(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Satellite
82(1)
Emerging Applications and Innovations in Satellite
82(2)
Fiber Optics
84(11)
Characteristics of Fiber Optics
84(1)
Components of Fiber Optics
85(2)
How Fiber-Optic Transmission Works
87(1)
Innovations in Fiber Optics: EDFAs, WDM, and DWDM
88(1)
Applications of Fiber Optics
89(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Fiber Optics
90(2)
Wiring for Tomorrow: Undersea Fiber Cables
92(3)
Establishing Communications Channels
95(18)
Establishing Connections: Switching Modes and Networking Modes
95(16)
Networking Modes
96(1)
Switching Modes
97(14)
The PSTN Versus the Internet
111(2)
PSTN Characteristics
111(1)
Internet Characteristics
111(1)
Converging Networks: The Next Generation
112(1)
The PSTN
113(38)
The PSTN Infrastructure
113(10)
Service Providers
114(2)
Network Access
116(1)
Access Services
117(1)
Transport Services
118(3)
PSTN Architecture
121(2)
The Transport Network Infrastructure
123(15)
The PDH Infrastructure
123(9)
The SDH/SONET Infrastructure
132(6)
Signaling Systems
138(6)
SS7 Architecture
140(3)
SS7 and the Internet
143(1)
Intelligent Networks
144(7)
AINs
145(1)
Next-Generation Networks
146(5)
Part II Data Networking Basics 151(130)
Data Communications Basics
153(22)
The Evolution of Data Communication
153(6)
Data Communication Architectures
153(4)
Data Communication Traffic
157(2)
Data Flow
159(11)
The DTE, the DCE, the Transmission Channel, and the Physical Interface
159(1)
Modems and Modulation
160(5)
Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Full-Duplex Data Transmission
165(1)
Coding Schemes: ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, and Beyond
166(1)
Transmission Modes: Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission
167(2)
Error Control
169(1)
The OSI Reference Model and Protocols
170(5)
The OSI Reference Model
171(2)
Protocols and Protocol Stacks
173(2)
Wide Area Networking
175(40)
Circuit-Switched Networks
176(13)
Leased Lines
177(9)
ISDN
186(3)
Packet-Switched Networks
189(26)
X.25
193(4)
Frame Relay
197(8)
ATM
205(10)
Local Area Networking
215(26)
LAN Basics
215(2)
LAN Concepts and Benefits
216(1)
LAN Components
217(1)
LAN Characteristics
217(10)
LAN Transmission Media
218(1)
LAN Transport Techniques
219(2)
LAN Access Methods
221(4)
LAN Topologies
225(2)
LAN Interconnection and Internetworking
227(11)
Hubs
227(1)
LAN Switches
228(2)
VLANs
230(1)
Bridges
231(3)
Routers
234(3)
IP Switches
237(1)
Enterprise Network Trends
238(3)
The Internet: Infrastructure and Service Providers
241(40)
Internet Basics
241(18)
A Brief History of the Internet
242(2)
What the Internet Is and How It Works
244(3)
Internet Protocols
247(5)
Internet Addressing
252(4)
The Domain Name System
256(3)
The Organization of the Internet
259(6)
The Evolution of the POP Architecture
259(4)
Internet Challenges and Changes
263(2)
Service Providers
265(11)
Evaluating Service Providers
267(7)
The Service Provider Value Chain
274(2)
Internet Interconnection and Exchange
276(5)
NAPs
276(2)
Peering Agreements
278(1)
Private NAPs
278(3)
Part III Next-Generation Networks 281(202)
Next-Generation Networks
283(46)
The Broadband Evolution
283(4)
Communications Traffic Trends
284(1)
Communications Backbone Trends
285(1)
Communications Bandwidth Trends
285(1)
Communications Application Trends
286(1)
Multimedia Networking Requirements
287(8)
Digital Video
288(4)
Television Standards
292(3)
The Broadband Infrastructure
295(9)
Converging Public Infrastructures
295(1)
Broadband Service Requirements
296(1)
Characteristics of Next-Generation Networks
297(3)
IP and ATM
300(4)
The Broadband Architecture: Multiservice Networks
304(25)
The Three-Tiered Architecture
306(5)
The Next-Generation Switching Architecture
311(5)
QoS
316(13)
Next-Generation Network Services
329(40)
Traditional Internet Applications
329(2)
VPNs
331(11)
VPN Frameworks
333(3)
VPN Applications
336(4)
VPN Gateway Functions
340(2)
Benefits and Evolution of VPNs
342(1)
Security
342(6)
Firewalls
342(1)
Authentication
343(1)
Encryption
344(4)
Digital Certificates
348(1)
VoIP
348(16)
VoIP Trends and Economics
348(1)
Advantages of VoIP
349(1)
VoIP Applications
350(4)
VoIP Service Categories
354(1)
VoIP Network Elements
355(6)
Next-Generation Standards and Interoperability
361(1)
IP PBXs
362(1)
The Future of VoIP
363(1)
Multimedia on the Internet: Streaming Media
364(5)
Streaming Media Trends
364(1)
Streaming Media Applications
365(1)
Streaming Media on the Internet
365(4)
Optical Networking
369(20)
Optical Networking Drivers
369(2)
Components of an End-to-End Optical Network
371(14)
EDFAs
372(1)
WDM and DWDM
373(4)
Optical OADMs
377(1)
Optical Switches
378(6)
Other Optical Components
384(1)
IP over Optical Standards
385(1)
Managing Optical Networks
385(4)
Broadband Access Solutions
389(36)
xDSL
391(10)
HDSL
393(2)
IDSL
395(1)
SDSL
395(1)
M/SDSL
396(1)
ADSL
396(3)
RADSL
399(1)
VDSL
399(2)
HFC
401(6)
HFC Architectures
402(1)
Cable Modems
403(2)
Digital Cable TV Devices
405(2)
Fiber
407(6)
FTTC
408(2)
FTTH
410(1)
PONs
411(2)
Wireless Broadband Access Media
413(8)
DBS
415(1)
MMDS
416(2)
LMDS
418(1)
Free Space Optics
419(1)
Unlicensed Bands
420(1)
Emerging Media
421(4)
HomePNA
421(1)
Ethernet-in-the-Loop
422(1)
PLT
422(3)
Wireless Communications
425(42)
Spectrum Reuse
427(10)
Space Division
427(3)
Multiple Access Techniques
430(4)
Spread Spectrum Techniques
434(2)
Duplexing Techniques
436(1)
Compression Techniques
436(1)
Wireless WANs: Cellular Radio and PCS Networks
437(22)
Analog Cellular Networks
438(2)
Digital Cellular Networks
440(2)
Wireless Data Networks
442(2)
Cellular And PCS Standards
444(5)
3G Mobile Systems and Beyond
449(6)
Mobile Internet
455(4)
Wireless MANs
459(4)
Wireless Local Loop Applications
460(1)
Wireless Local Loop Options
461(2)
Wireless LANs
463(2)
Wireless PANs
465(2)
IrDA
465(1)
Bluetooth
465(1)
HomeRF
466(1)
The Broadband Home and HANs
467(16)
The Broadband Home
467(5)
The Smart House
468(1)
Intelligent Appliances
469(3)
HANs
472(11)
The HAN Market, Applications, and Elements
474(2)
Types of HANs
476(4)
HAN Gateways and Servers
480(1)
Planning for the Future
480(3)
Glossary 483(78)
Index 561

Supplemental Materials

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Excerpts

I love telecommunications. It is powerful, and it empowers, with far reaching consequences. It has demonstrated the potential to transform society and business, and the revolution has only just begun. With the invention of the telephone, human communications and commerce were forever changed: Time and distance began to melt away as a barrier to doing business, keeping in touch with loved ones, and being able to immediately respond to major world events. Through the use of computers and telecommunications networks, humans have been able to extend their powers of thinking, influence, and productivity, just as those in the Industrial Age were able to extend the power of their muscles, or physical self, through the use of heavy machinery. Today, new inventions and developments once again are poising telecommunications as a force to be reckoned with, forever changing human communications and commerce, and introducing machines as members of the networked society. This is an exciting era, in which we face a host of new telecommunications technologies and applications that bring breathtaking new opportunities, particularly in the industries of entertainment, education, health care, government, advertising, lifestyle, and, sadly, warfare.I have a favorite quote, from Eric Hoffer'sVanguard Management: "In a time of drastic change, it is the learners who inherit the future. The learned find themselves equipped to live in a world that no longer exists." The fact that you are reading this shows that you are aware of the monumental changes taking place in telecommunications infrastructures and usage, and are eager to learn what those are--as well you should be! This book is designed to provide a thorough foundation for understanding a wide range of telecommunications principles and technologies.If you are new to the communications and information industry or simply want an understandable, yet comprehensive overview of telecommunications, this book is for you.Telecommunications Essentialswill equip you with a blueprint on which you can build. The telecommunications landscape is vast, and for a newcomer, it is treacherous terrain to navigate. This book provides you with a logical progression in gluing together all the pieces of the telecommunications puzzle. This book will help you to master the basic building blocks of key technologies, from the principles of telecommunications transmission and networking to the current and evolving nature of the Internet, broadband architecture, and optical networking, addressing both wired and wireless alternatives. What This Book CoversThis book provides a concentrated, high-level overview of the terminology and issues that comprise telecommunications, and it discusses the major telecommunications infrastructures, including the PSTN, the Internet, cable TV, and wireless.The book is divided into three parts. Part I: Telecommunications Fundamentals explains the basics, the arts and sciences of telecommunications. It begins by explaining the factors that are contributing to the telecommunications revolution and talks about some of the exciting new technologies that are on the horizon. Part I gives you a good grounding in the basics of telecommunications technology and terminology, covering communications fundamentals, and including the characteristics and uses of the various transmission media. Part I also discusses the processes involved in establishing communications channels, examining the differences between circuit-switched and packet-switched networks, and it explores the nature of the PSTN.Part II: Data Networking and the Internet introduces the basics of data communications and networking. It discusses today's wide-area and local-area networking alternatives, as well as how the public Internet is structured. It also explores next-generation network services, such as VPNs, Voice over IP, and streaming media.Part III: Next-Generation N

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