11th Hour Introduction to Biology

by Wilson, David L.

• ISBN13: 9780632044160
• ISBN10: 0632044160
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-11-05
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

Visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/11thhour for additional information.This book reviews the more challenging material in a college-level, introductory course in biology. It is intended to supplement standard textbooks in biology, or for students who wish to review such material. '11th Hour: Introduction to Biology' is of particular use to students enrolled in a majors or non-majors introductory biology course, or students taking AP biology. It concentrates on those topics that usually give students the most difficulty, and problems/questions are rated throughout in terms of their level of difficulty. Concentrates on those concepts that usually give students the most difficulty. Provides ample opportunity to test the mastery of this material. Rates questions/problems according to their level of difficulty. Additional information provided on the internet site related to this topic - www.blackwellpublishing.com/11thhour.

Author Biography

David L. Wilson is the author of 11th Hour: Introduction to Biology, published by Wiley.

Table of Contents

11th Hour Guide to Success	ix
Preface	x
Unit I: From Atoms to Living Cells	1	(100)
Introduction to Biology	3	(10)
A Brief History of Life and the Universe	3	(2)
Major Generalizations About Life	5	(3)
Scientific Method	8	(5)
Atoms, Bonds, Water, and Carbon	13	(15)
Atoms	13	(3)
Chemical Bonds	16	(2)
Water: pH and Hydrogen Bonds	18	(4)
Carbon: Tetrahedral Bonds and Isomers	22	(6)
Molecules and Macromolecules of Life	28	(15)
Functional Groups	28	(3)
Carbohydrates	31	(2)
Lipids	33	(2)
Amino Acids and Proteins	35	(3)
Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids	38	(5)
Membrane Structure and Function	43	(9)
Membrane Structure	43	(2)
Passive Transport Across Membranes	45	(3)
Active Transport Across Membranes	48	(4)
Cellular Organization	52	(9)
Nucleus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, and Golgi Apparatus	52	(2)
Cellular Organelles	54	(2)
Cytoskeleton and Cell Junctions	56	(5)
Energy and Enzymes	61	(12)
Thermodynamics, Heat, and Entropy	61	(3)
Free Energy and Coupling	64	(2)
How Enzymes Work	66	(2)
Enzyme Regulation and Inhibition	68	(5)
Energy Metabolism and Cell Respiration	73	(13)
Oxidation, Reduction, and NADH	73	(3)
Glycolysis	76	(1)
Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle	77	(2)
Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation	79	(2)
Fermentation	81	(5)
Photosynthesis: Harnessing Energy for Life	86	(15)
Chloroplasts and Chlorophyll	86	(2)
Light Reactions	88	(3)
Calvin (Calvin-Benson) Cycle	91	(10)
Exam: Unit I	95	(6)
Unit II: Genes, Information, and Heredity	101	(84)
DNA Structure, Function, and Replication	103	(11)
Evidence That DNA Is the Genetic Material	103	(2)
DNA Structure	105	(3)
DNA Replication	108	(6)
RNA and Protein: Transcription, Translation, and the Genetic Code	114	(13)
Transcription	114	(3)
Kinds of RNA and Ribosome Construction	117	(2)
The Genetic Code	119	(2)
Translation	121	(6)
Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis	127	(10)
The Cell Cycle and Mitosis	127	(3)
Meiosis	130	(2)
Sexual Reproduction and Genetic Variation	132	(5)
Mendelian Genetics	137	(14)
Mendel's Rules and Genetic Variation	137	(2)
Genetic Crosses	139	(4)
Complexities	143	(2)
Pedigree Analysis	145	(6)
Recombination, Linkage, and Mapping	151	(10)
Sex-linked Inheritance	151	(2)
Linkage and Recombination	153	(3)
Genetic Mapping	156	(5)
Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses	161	(10)
Viruses and Their Life Cycles	161	(3)
Bacteria: Genetic Recombination and Plasmids	164	(1)
Operons and the Regulation of Prokaryotic Gene Expression	165	(6)
Gene Expression, Gene Technology, and Human Genetics	171	(14)
Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotic Cells	171	(2)
Human Genetic Disorders	173	(3)
Gene Technology: Clones, Plasmids, PCR, and RFLPs	176	(9)
Exam: Unit II	181	(4)
Unit III: Evolution	185	(20)
Evolution and Natural Selection	187	(8)
Evolution: History and Evidence	187	(3)
Natural Selection	190	(5)
Microevolution and Population Genetics	195	(10)
Microevolution and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium	195	(4)
Genetic Variation in Populations	199	(6)
Unit IV: Animal Physiology	205	(50)
General Principles of Physiology	207	(7)
Tissues, Organ Systems, and Surface Area	207	(2)
Homeostasis and Temperature Regulation	209	(5)
Cardiovascular System	214	(7)
Heart	214	(2)
Arteries, Capillaries, Veins, and Blood	216	(5)
Endocrine System and Hormones	221	(10)
Mechanisms of Hormone Action	221	(3)
Endocrine Glands and Their Control in Vertebrates	224	(2)
Examples of Hormonal Regulation	226	(5)
Neurons: Electrical and Synaptic Events	231	(13)
Neurons, Circuits, and Resting Potentials	231	(3)
The Action Potential	234	(3)
Receptor Potentials and Synaptic Potentials	237	(2)
Synaptic Transmission	239	(5)
Immune System and Body Defenses	244	(11)
The Body's Defense Mechanisms	244	(2)
B Cells, T Cells, and the Immune Response	246	(9)
Exam: Units III & IV	252	(3)
Unit V: Ecology	255	(19)
Ecology	257	(17)
Food Webs and Productivity	257	(2)
Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems	259	(3)
Life History Characteristics and Population Dynamics	262	(12)
Final Exam	268	(6)
Index	274