1676

by Webb, Stephen Saunders

• ISBN13: 9780815603610
• ISBN10: 0815603614
• Edition: Reprint
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1995-11-01
• Publisher: Syracuse Univ Pr

Summary

The colonial experience of Americans was not one long march toward independence. Sixteen hundred seventy-six was a cataclysmic year of Indian insurrection and civil war in America, when the colonies lost their "autonomy" after King Philip's War and Bacon's Rebellion. Stephen Webb makes clear how the forces unleashed in 1676 revolutionized the relationships between the adolescent colonies, the imperial government in London, and the embattled Algonquin and Iroquois Indians, and shows how the political institutions that evolved in the colonies in the next three hundred years reflected this experience.

Table of Contents

A Note on Dates	xii
List of Illustrations and Maps	xiii
Preface	xv
Preface to the Original Edition	xxv
Acknowledgments	xxix
Book One BACON'S REVOLUTION
Introduction	3	(10)
Populations	3	(4)
Anglicization	7	(1)
Revolution	8	(5)
Antagonists	13	(4)
Tax Revolt	17	(4)
Militia Mutiny and Indian War	21	(4)
Conspirators	25	(6)
Flight and Forgiveness	31	(2)
Coup	33	(5)
June Assembly	38	(3)
Recruits and Elites	41	(3)
Gloucester Petition and Loyalist Flight	44	(3)
Revolutionary Convention	47	(3)
Giles Bland	50	(3)
Eastern Shore	53	(4)
Jamestown	57	(9)
Independence	66	(3)
Chesapeake Confederation	69	(10)
Albemarle	69	(1)
Maryland	70	(5)
Reform and Empire	75	(1)
French, Indians, and Yorkists	76	(3)
Bacon's Revolution	79	(4)
Civil War	83	(20)
Rebel Positions	83	(3)
Counter-Revolutionary Resources	86	(1)
James River War	87	(6)
Amphibious Campaign	93	(5)
Rebel Attacks, Loyalist Revenges	98	(3)
Royal Conclusions	101	(2)
The York River Campaign	103	(21)
Loyalist Looters	103	(4)
Sir William's Excuses	107	(1)
Gloucester Feuds and Exiles	108	(3)
The Concord:	111	(13)
Grantham's Education	111	(3)
Grantham's Ship	114	(4)
Grantham's Negotiation	118	(2)
West Point	120	(3)
Grantham's Achievement	123	(1)
Berkeley's Revenge	124	(3)
The Bristol Conference	127	(5)
Resistance and Revenge	132	(17)
Commissioners' Criticisms	134	(3)
The Rose's Passengers	137	(5)
Green Spring	142	(5)
Redcoated Repression	147	(2)
Oyer and Terminer	149	(7)
Arnold's Atrocity	149	(2)
Bland's Blame	151	(3)
Jones' Loyalty	154	(2)
A Statute of Remembrance	156	(2)
Royal Reaction, Popular Reform	158	(4)
Autonomy's End	162	(2)
Some Suggested Reading for Book One	164	(5)
Book Two THE WORLD VIEWED FROM WHITEHALL
Introduction	169	(4)
Domestic Imperialists	173	(26)
Ministers of Council, Cabinet, and Ruelle	178	(4)
The Council and the Empire	182	(2)
``Coffee and Commonwealth''	184	(4)
Imperial Economy	188	(1)
Purges, Papists, Protestants	189	(4)
The Crown and the Corporation	193	(3)
The Right Use of Parliaments	196	(3)
``Virginia's Frolick''	199	(22)
Bland's Business	202	(3)
Berkeley's Catastrophe	205	(2)
Privy Council Coercion	207	(2)
Berkeley Recalled; York Ascendant	209	(4)
``Immediate Dependency upon the Crowne of England''	213	(3)
``Mr. Nathaniel Bacon Plays Rex''	216	(5)
``This Favourable Conjuncture'': An Imperial View of King Philip's War	221	(24)
``Provoking Evils''	221	(3)
``A Free State''	224	(3)
``The Best Land in New England''	227	(2)
Leverett's Command in Imperial Contexts	229	(4)
Imperial Reconnaissances, East and West	233	(3)
Devastation and Dependence	236	(5)
``The warr hath been very Bloudy''	241	(4)
Some Suggested Reading for Book Two	245	(6)
Book Three THE ANGLO-IROQUOIAN EMPIRE
I. ``The Prince and the Orator'': Garacontie of Onondaga
Introduction	251	(3)
The Sagochiendagehte	254	(3)
``The Ground Was Stained with Blood and Murder''	257	(5)
``The Father of the French''	262	(3)
``Within Two-Finger-Breadths of Total Destruction''	265	(5)
``Famous Garakontie Longs for Baptism''	270	(4)
``Daniel Garacontie: Captain General''	274	(6)
``The King of England's Country or Their Plantations''	280	(3)
``As Clever as a Demon'': Garacontie at Cataracoui	283	(7)
``Exterminating the Andastoguetz''	290	(5)
The ``Death-Song'' of Garacontie	295	(6)
``Onne Ouagicheria''	301	(2)
II. Edmund Andros, English Imperialist
Introduction	303	(4)
Inheritance and Exile 1637-1661	307	(5)
English Guardsman and Barbadian Major 1661-1668	312	(9)
Solicitor, Surveyor, and Dragoon 1668-1674	321	(7)
Bailiff of Guernsey and Seigneur de Sausmarez	328	(3)
New York Repossessed	331	(4)
Construction and Conciliation	335	(5)
The Government of the Duke's Dominions	340	(15)
The General Court	340	(2)
Andros Versus the Yankees	342	(2)
The Duchy on the Delaware	344	(7)
Soundings	351	(4)
III. The Covenant Chain
Introduction	355	(5)
Corleaer at Tinontougen (and Albany)	360	(3)
Gunpowder and Geopolitics	363	(4)
The Assault on King Philip	367	(4)
Refugees and Resolutions	371	(3)
The Susquehanna Solution	374	(4)
``Ye Govr. Genl. Is Become Our Father''	378	(3)
``Undeceive Lt Genll Andross''	381	(4)
``Submitting to Providence''	385	(3)
``An Absolute Covenant of Peace''	388	(3)
``The Governr. Genll. and We are One''	391	(3)
``Put Aside All Mistakes''	394	(2)
``Diligence and Faithfulness''	396	(2)
``Such Popular Governments''	398	(4)
``He Certainly Did Great Things''	402	(3)
Some Suggested Reading for Book Three	405	(18)
Conclusions
The Revolutions of 1676 and the End of American Independence	409	(8)
Maps and Decorations	417	(6)
Index	423