Adolescent Encounters With Death, Bereavement, and Coping

by Balk, David E.

• ISBN13: 9780826110732
• ISBN10: 0826110738
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-03-01
• Publisher: Springer Pub Co

Summary

Over a decade has passed since the publication of Balk and Corr's groundbreaking Handbook of Adolescent Death and Bereavement. This new book, Adolescent Encounters With Death, Bereavement, and Coping, analyzes the challenges faced by adolescents coping with death, dying, and bereavement, and examines the new, unique circumstances and advances that have transpired over the last decade. The discussions include:

Table of Contents

Contributors	p. xv
Foreword	p. xix
Preface	p. xxi
Background	p. 1
Adolescent Development: The Backstory to Adolescent Encounters With Death and Bereavement	p. 3
Existential Phenomenology and the Relationship With Oneself	p. 4
Existential Phenomenology and the Relationship to Others	p. 4
Existential Phenomenology and the Relationship With the External World	p. 6
The Holistic Template: Cognitive Aspects	p. 6
The Holistic Template: Emotional Aspects	p. 8
The Holistic Template: Behavioral Aspects	p. 9
The Holistic Template: Physical Aspects	p. 10
The Holistic Template: Interpersonal Aspects	p. 12
The Holistic Template: Spiritual Aspects	p. 15
Some Concluding Comments	p. 16
References	p. 17
Young People Making Meaning in Response to Death and Bereavement	p. 21
Meaning Making	p. 22
Young People, Death, and Bereavement in Global Contexts	p. 25
Making Sense of the Evidence on Young People, Death, and Bereavement	p. 31
Conclusions	p. 34
References	p. 36
Ethics and Adolescent Grief Research: A Developmental Analysis	p. 39
Why Study Adolescents and Grief?	p. 40
The Right of Bereaved Adolescents to Participate in Research	p. 41
Informed Consent/Assent in Adolescent Bereavement Research	p. 42
An Analysis of Risks and Benefits in Developmental Context	p. 44
The Expanded Cyberworld of Adolescents: A New Research Arena	p. 49
Studying Bereaved Adolescents in Diverse Cultural Settings	p. 51
Conclusion	p. 53
References	p. 54
Death	p. 59
Adolescents, Accidents, and Homicides	p. 61
Developmental Systems Theory	p. 61
Overview and Statistical Portrait	p. 64
Adolescent Deaths From Unintentional Injuries	p. 68
Adolescents and Homicide	p. 69
Recapitulation of Factors Contributing to Adolescents' Deaths Resulting From Accidents and Homicide: Ecological Systems Theory	p. 73
Consequences for Understanding Adolescent Death and Bereavement	p. 74
References	p. 77
Adolescents and Suicide	p. 81
Risk/Protective Factors	p. 82
Prevention	p. 84
Intervention	p. 86
Postvention	p. 90
References	p. 93
Adolescents and HIV/AIDS	p. 99
Poverty	p. 101
Health and Schooling	p. 101
Fragmentation of Households	p. 102
Youth-Headed Households	p. 103
Guardianship	p. 104
Stigma and Social Support	p. 104
Coping With Dying Parents	p. 106
Multiple Losses	p. 107
Grief and HIV Status	p. 108
Psychological Distress Associated With Parental Death From AIDS	p. 108
Bereavement Interventions	p. 109
Conclusion	p. 110
References	p. 111
Adolescents Living With Life-Threatening Illnesses	p. 115
How Adolescents React to a Crisis	p. 115
Losses Mourned by Adolescents With Cancer	p. 117
Implications of Life-Threatening Illnesses for Early, Middle, and Late Adolescence	p. 121
Journey Through a Life-Threatening Illness: Experiences and Reactions of Adolescents With Cancer	p. 126
Life-Threatening Conditions Other Than Cancer	p. 135
Issues Arising	p. 136
Conclusion	p. 138
References	p. 138
Adolescents, Humor, and Death	p. 141
What Is Humor?	p. 142
What Kinds of Humor Are There?	p. 142
What Do We (Think We) Know About Teens and Humor?	p. 144
The Benefits of Humor	p. 146
Adolescents Grieving a Death and Humor	p. 148
Cultural Considerations	p. 151
Summary and Further Research	p. 152
References	p. 152
Adolescents, Technology, and the Internet: Coping With Loss in the Digital World	p. 155
The Appeal of Technology and the Internet Among Teenagers	p. 156
Online Communities of Bereavement	p. 157
Supercommunication: E-mail, Text Messaging, and Instant Messaging	p. 162
The Google Stage of Grief	p. 163
Potential Risks and Challenges in Cyberspace	p. 164
Implications for Clinicians, Death Educators, and Parents	p. 167
Implications for Research	p. 168
Conclusion	p. 170
References	p. 170
Bereavement	p. 175
Life as an Adolescent When a Parent Has Died	p. 177
The Impact of Losing a Parent for an Adolescent	p. 178
Adolescents and Service Engagement	p. 180
Assessing the Systems That Impact on Parentally Bereaved Adolescents	p. 182
Helpful Approaches When Working With Bereaved Adolescents	p. 188
Conclusion	p. 194
References	p. 194
Sibling Bereavement During Adolescence	p. 199
Self-Concept	p. 200
Emotional Reactions	p. 201
The Family Following Adolescent Sibling Bereavement	p. 202
Continuing Bonds	p. 205
Peer Relationships	p. 207
Sibling Death From Terminal Illness	p. 208
What Helps and What Hinders Bereavement Recovery	p. 209
Religion and Spirituality	p. 210
Sibling Suicide Survivors	p. 211
Effects on Schoolwork	p. 212
Summary Comments	p. 213
References	p. 214
Death of a Friend During Adolescence	p. 217
The Disenfranchised Nature of Adolescent Friend Deaths	p. 217
Importance of Adolescent Friend Deaths	p. 218
Reactions to the Death of a Friend During Adolescence	p. 221
Factors Affecting Reactions to Friend Death	p. 222
Adolescent Approaches to Coping With Friend Death	p. 226
The Role of Friends, Parents, and Educational Institutions in Supporting Adolescents Grieving the Death of a Friend	p. 228
Directions for Future Research	p. 231
References	p. 231
Adolescent Bereavement Over the Deaths of Celebrities	p. 237
The Nature of Celebrity	p. 240
Attachment Styles and Celebrity	p. 242
The Disenfranchised Nature of Celebrity Grief	p. 244
Social Functions	p. 245
Types of Loss	p. 246
Implications for Practice	p. 248
Implications for Future Research	p. 249
Conclusion	p. 249
References	p. 249
Adolescent Bereavement and Traumatic Deaths	p. 253
Traumatic Death	p. 253
Adolescent Development and Traumatic Grieving	p. 254
Relationships to Decedents	p. 257
Therapeutic Interventions	p. 261
Conclusion	p. 265
References	p. 267
Interventions	p. 271
Educating Adolescents About Death, Bereavement, and Coping	p. 273
An Example: A Community in Bergen County, New Jersey	p. 273
Death Education	p. 276
The Role of the School	p. 277
Community Grief	p. 279
Qualifications of Death Educators	p. 282
High School Death Education Curricula	p. 283
Models of High School Death Education Curricula	p. 285
Conclusion	p. 287
References	p. 288
Camps and Support Groups for Adolescents	p. 291
Needs and Responses	p. 292
Camps and Retreats for Adolescents	p. 293
Retreats for Teens With Serious Illnesses	p. 302
Specialized Grief Support Groups	p. 303
Summary	p. 306
References	p. 307
Psychotherapeutic Approaches for Adolescents With Life-Threatening Illnesses	p. 309
The Role of Psychotherapy	p. 310
Themes in Psychotherapy	p. 315
Implications for End-of-Life Care	p. 322
References	p. 324
Counseling Approaches for Bereaved Adolescents	p. 327
Rationales for Intervention	p. 328
The Treatment Process: Using What We Have Learned	p. 330
Treatment Approaches	p. 334
Concluding Comments	p. 342
References	p. 342
Therapy for Adolescents Experiencing Prolonged Grief	p. 345
Attributions and Meanings for Adolescents	p. 346
Traumatic and/or Stigmatized Deaths	p. 346
Current State of Research and Knowledge Base	p. 348
Clinical Implications of Working With Prolonged Grief in Adolescence	p. 350
Traumatic Grief	p. 350
Complicated Grief in Adolescents	p. 352
Clinical Considerations With Adolescent Rage	p. 352
Clinical Case Example	p. 353
Discussion and Clinical Implications	p. 356
References	p. 359
Interventions for Caregivers Suffering From Compassion Fatigue or Burnout	p. 363
Significant Developmental Issues	p. 363
Caregiving and Stress	p. 365
Grief in Caregivers	p. 368
Compassion Fatigue	p. 368
Burnout	p. 370
Avoiding and Managing Compassion Fatigue and Burnout	p. 371
Conclusion	p. 377
References	p. 378
Name Index	p. 381
Subject Index	p. 387
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