Advances in Intelligent Systems : Concepts, Tools and Applications

by Tzafestas, Spyros G.

• ISBN13: 9780792359661
• ISBN10: 0792359666
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-04-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

The field of Intelligent Systems has expanded enormously during the last two decades with many theoretical and practical results already available, which are the outcome of the synergetic merging of classical fields such as system theory, artificial intelligence, information theory, soft computing, operations research, linguistic theory and others. This book presents a collection of timely contributions that cover a wide, well-selected range of topics within the field. The book contains forty-seven contributions with an emphasis on computational and processing issues. The book is structured in four parts, as follows: Part I: Computer-aided intelligent systems and tools; Part II: Information extraction from texts, natural language interfaces and intelligent retrieval systems; Part III: Image processing and video-based systems; Part IV: Applications Particular topics treated include: planning; problem solving; information extraction from texts; natural language interfaces; audio retrieval systems; multi-agent systems; image compression, image and segmentation, and human face recognition. Applications include: peri-urban road network extraction; analysis of structures; climatic sensor signal analysis; aortic pressure assessment; hospital laboratory planning; fatigue analysis using electromyographic signals; forecasting in power systems. The book can serve as a reference pool of knowledge that may inspire and motivate researchers and practitioners for further developments and modern-day applications. The teacher and student in related postgraduate and research programs can thereby save considerable time in searching the scattered literature in the field.

Table of Contents

Preface	xxi
Contributors	xxiii
Editorial	xxvii
PART I: COMPUTER-AIDED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND TOOLS
Sources of Efficiency in Planning: A Survey
A. Tsois
S.G. Tzafestas
Introduction	3	(1)
The planning problem	4	(2)
Basic representation and algorithms	6	(4)
Partial order planning	10	(5)
Extensions to the basic representation	15	(1)
Decomposition and abstraction	15	(2)
Conclusions	17	(4)
References	19	(2)
An Interactive Geometric Constraint Solver
I. Fudos
Introduction	21	(1)
Approaches to geometric constraint solving	22	(3)
The core graph-constructive method	25	(1)
User interaction and system flow	26	(3)
Handling over and under-determined configurations	29	(2)
Conclusions	31	(2)
References	31	(2)
An Intelligent Agent Framework in VRML Worlds
T. Panayiotopoulos
G. Katsirelos
S. Vosinakis
S. Kousidou
Introduction	33	(1)
The overall architecture of the intelligent agent	34	(1)
The structure and functionality of the logical core	35	(4)
Implementation issues	39	(1)
A maze example	39	(2)
Conclusion and future work	41	(2)
References	42	(1)
Determining the Visual Interpretation of Actions in Interactive Stories
N.M. Sgouros
S. Sotirchos
Introduction	43	(1)
Input description	44	(1)
Description and interpretation of character actions	44	(3)
An example	47	(2)
Related work	49	(1)
Conclusions and future work	50	(1)
References	50	(1)
An Attribute Grammar Driven High-Level Synthesis Paradigm for Control Applications
G.E. Economakos
G.K. Papakonstantinou
Introduction	51	(1)
High-level synthesis	52	(1)
AG-driven high-level synthesis	53	(2)
Control application paradigm: Kalman filter for track-while-scan radar system	55	(4)
High-level synthesis of Kalman filter for track-while-scan radar system	59	(2)
Conclusions	61	(2)
References	62	(1)
A Case Study in Specifying the Denotational Semantics of C
N.S. Papaspyrou
Introduction	63	(1)
Overview of the semantics	64	(2)
Static semantics	66	(2)
Typing semantics	68	(2)
Dynamic semantics	70	(2)
Evaluation	72	(1)
Conclusion and future work	73	(2)
References	73	(2)
A Multi-Agent Model for Content-Based Electronic Document Filtering
N.S. Papaspyrou
C.E. Sgouropoulou
E.S. Skordalakis
A.V. Gerbessiotis
P. Livadas
Introduction	75	(1)
Definition of the problem	76	(1)
Description of the model	77	(7)
Implementation	84	(1)
Future directions	84	(1)
Conclusion	85	(2)
References	86	(1)
An Array Architecture for Syntactic Pattern Recognition
A. Koulouris
N. Koziris
G. Papakonstantinou
P. Tsanakas
Introduction	87	(1)
Basic concepts	88	(1)
Data representation	89	(2)
Dependence analysis	91	(1)
Mapping into 1-D VLSI array	92	(2)
Conclusion-further work	94	(3)
References	95	(2)
A Smart Load Balance Scheme for an Automatic Arbitrage Detection System
C.P. Voliotis
G. Triantafyllos
T. Dalias
N. Platis
Introduction	97	(1)
An overview of the application's architecture	98	(2)
The designing process of the load balancing module	100	(1)
Detailed description of our dynamic load balancing scheme	101	(2)
Characteristics of the proposed load balancing method	103	(1)
Load balance evaluation	104	(2)
Speedup	106	(2)
Conclusions	108	(1)
References	108	(1)
Intelligent Guidance in a Virtual University
T. Panayiotopoulos
N. Zacharis
S. Vosinakis
Introduction	109	(1)
Overall architecture and interface	110	(1)
Command interpreter	111	(1)
The virtual guide	112	(5)
Implementation	117	(1)
Conclusions and future work	117	(4)
References	118	(3)
PART II: INFORMATION EXTRACTION FROM TEXTS, NATURAL LANGUAGE INTERFACES AND INTELLIGENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS
Question Answering and Information Extraction from Texts
J. Kontos
I. Malagardi
Introduction	121	(1)
Method	122	(5)
Extraction from the primary production texts	127	(1)
Extraction from the lung mechanics text	127	(1)
Extraction from the Gortys law text	128	(1)
Conclusion	129	(2)
References	129	(2)
Named Entity Recognition from Greek Texts: The GIE Project
V. Karkaletsis
C. D. Spyropoulos
G. Petasis
Introduction	131	(1)
Named entity recognition task in IE	132	(2)
NERC in GIE	134	(7)
Concluding remarks	141	(2)
References	141	(2)
Using Functional Style Features to Enhance Information Extraction from Greek Texts
S. E. Michos
N. Fakotakis
G. Kokkinakis
Introduction	143	(1)
Background	144	(4)
Implementation	148	(3)
Evaluation	151	(1)
Discussion	152	(1)
Conclusions	152	(3)
References	153	(2)
Lexical Knowledge Extraction from Technical Texts
I. Blank
Introduction	155	(1)
Method overview	156	(1)
The corpus	156	(1)
Definition and terminology	156	(2)
Extraction of candidate terms	158	(3)
Applications	161	(2)
Conclusion	163	(4)
References	164	(3)
Information Extraction Techniques for Multilevel Text Matching
V. Di Tomaso
G. D'Angelo
Introduction: adapting an information extraction system to a new task	167	(1)
Machine-aided human translation	167	(2)
Functions of a translation memory	169	(6)
Conclusion: reusability of linguistic matching	175	(4)
References	177	(2)
Parallel Information Extraction Systems for Multilingual Information Access
L. Dini
Introduction	179	(2)
IE and natural language generation	181	(1)
MIETTA's overview	182	(5)
UTA and IUTA	187	(2)
Conclusions	189	(2)
References	190	(1)
Using Information Extraction for Knowledge Entering
F. Vichot
F. Wolinski
H.-C. Ferri
D. Urbani
Introduction	191	(1)
NLP and DSS	192	(1)
SAPE: a decision support system dedicated to complex share-holding information	193	(1)
Using IE to feed SAPE	194	(3)
New boundaries for IE based DSS	197	(2)
Conclusion and future work	199	(1)
Acknowledgements	199	(2)
References	199	(2)
Eliciting Terminological Knowledge for Information Extraction Applications
B. Georgantopoulos
S. Piperidis
Introduction	201	(1)
Methodological approaches	202	(1)
System description	203	(3)
Results of term grammar parsing	206	(1)
Statistical evaluation	206	(2)
Conclusion and outlook to future work	208	(3)
References	209	(2)
Natural Language Interface to an Agent
J. Kontos
I. Malagardi
D. Trikkalidis
Introduction	211	(2)
System architecture and operation	213	(2)
Examples of operation of the system	215	(1)
Conclusions	216	(3)
References	218	(1)
Using Forward Temporal Planning for the Production of Interactive Tutoring Dialogues
T. Panayiotopoulos
N. Avradinis
C. C. Marinagi
Introduction	219	(1)
Dialogue as an instruction tool	220	(4)
Forward temporal planning in the TRL-tutor	224	(2)
Case study: linear equation solving	226	(3)
Conclusions	229	(2)
References	230	(1)
Content-Based Audio Retrieval Using a Generalized Algorithm
P. Piamsa-Nga
S. R. Subramanya
N. A. Alexandridis
S. Srakaew
G. Blankenship
G. Papakonstantinou
P. Tsanakas
S.G. Tzafestas
Introduction	231	(1)
Retrieval algorithm	232	(1)
An audio feature	233	(2)
Algorithms to search by restricted-format query (SBRF)	235	(1)
Algorithms of search by unrestricted-formatted query (SBUF)	235	(5)
Experiments	240	(1)
Summary and future directions	241	(2)
References	241	(2)
Intelligent Retrieval of Temporal and Periodic Data
L. Baxevanaki
E. Ioannidis
T. Panayiotopoulos
Introduction	243	(1)
Background work	244	(2)
Specification and system design	246	(2)
Implementation issues	248	(2)
Performance evaluation	250	(1)
Conclusions	250	(5)
References	251	(4)
PART III: IMAGE PROCESSING AND VIDEO-BASED SYSTEMS
A Java-Based Image Processing System
P. Androutsos
D. Androutsos
K. N. Plataniotis
A. N. Venetsanopoulos
Introduction	255	(1)
Image processing with Java	256	(1)
IMAGEnius structure and implementation	257	(2)
IMAGEnius command functions	259	(3)
Hands-on learning	262	(2)
Conclusions and future work	264	(1)
References	264	(1)
Wavelet Image Compression: A Comparative Study
K. Friesen
N. D. Panagiotacopulos
S. Lertsuntivit
J. S. Lee
Introduction	265	(1)
Background	265	(1)
Filter banks	266	(6)
Image quantization	272	(1)
Image encoding	273	(1)
Results	274	(2)
Discussion and conclusions	276	(1)
References	276	(1)
Effective Image Expansion Using Subband Filterbanks
V. Alexopoulos
A. Delopoulos
S. Kollias
Introduction	277	(2)
Problem formulation: Image modeling	279	(2)
Expansion iteration	281	(2)
Simulation results	283	(2)
Conclusions---further research	285	(2)
References	285	(2)
Color Image Segmentation for Multimedia Applications
N. Ikonomakis
K. N. Plataniotis
A. N. Venetsanopoulos
Introduction	287	(1)
Techniques of color image segmentation	288	(3)
Region growing and merging	291	(1)
Results	292	(1)
Conclusions	293	(6)
References	295	(4)
Transformations Between Pictures from 2D to 3D
M. Sigmund
P. Novotny
Introduction	299	(1)
Three-dimensional engraving	299	(2)
Program photo engrave 3D	301	(6)
Program photo layer 3D	307	(2)
Program protection	309	(1)
Conclusions	310	(1)
References	310	(1)
A Multicamera Active 3D Reconstruction Approach
T. Lilas
S. Kollias
Introduction	311	(1)
Stereo vision	312	(1)
Laser triangulation	312	(1)
3D reconstruction	313	(5)
Experiments	318	(2)
Conclusions	320	(1)
References	320	(1)
Video Object Segmentation Using the EM Algorithm
N. D. Doulamis
A. D. Doulamis
S. D. Kollias
Introduction	321	(1)
System overview	322	(2)
Initialization of model parameters	324	(2)
Model parameters estimation	326	(4)
Experimental results	330	(1)
Conclusions	331	(2)
References	331	(2)
Estimation of 3D Motion and Structure of Human Faces
Y. Xirouhakis
G. Votsis
A. Delopoulos
Introduction	333	(1)
Overview	334	(1)
Facial feature extraction	334	(3)
Computation of motion parameters	337	(3)
Computation of structure parameters	340	(1)
Simulations	341	(1)
Conclusions-future work	342	(3)
References	342	(3)
Face Recognition Based on Multiple Representations: Splitting the Error Space
M. Leonidou
N. Tsapatsoulis
S. Kollias
Introduction	345	(1)
Face location and segmentation	346	(2)
Feature extraction	348	(3)
Identification algorithm	351	(3)
Rule base machine	354	(1)
Experimental results	355	(1)
Conclusions	356	(1)
References	356	(1)
An Efficient Algorithm for Rendering Parametric Curves
S. G. Tzafestas
J. Pantazopoulos
Introduction	357	(1)
Sequential versus recursive algorithms for rendering parametric curves	357	(1)
Fixed arithmetic	358	(2)
The stopping criterion	360	(2)
Extension to rendering parametric surfaces	362	(2)
Conclusions	364	(3)
References	364	(1)
Appendix: The proposed algorithm and rendered curve / surface examples	364	(3)
Gesture Recognition: The Gesture Segmentation Problem
M. K. Viblis
K. J. Kyriakopoulos
Introduction	367	(1)
The difficulty of the gesture recognition problem	368	(1)
Gesture localization and contour tracking	369	(6)
Discussion and future work	375	(4)
References	377	(2)
A Color Coordinate Normalizer Chip
I. Andreadis
Introduction	379	(1)
Color spaces	380	(1)
Properties of the normalized color images	381	(2)
Normalizer circuitry description and its VLSI implementation	383	(2)
Conclusions	385	(4)
References	386	(3)
PART IV: APPLICATIONS
Stochastic Modeling in GPS Estimation Algorithms
M. Pachter
S. Nardi
Introduction	389	(1)
Pseudorange modeling in GPS	390	(1)
Closed-form solution	391	(4)
Extended Kalman filter	395	(3)
Experimental results	398	(1)
Conclusions	399	(2)
References	400	(1)
Digital Image Processing for Weathering Analysis and Planning of Conservation Interventions on Historic Structures and Complexes
A. Moropoulou
M. Koui
Ch. Kourteli
N. Achilleopoulos
F. Zezza
Introduction	401	(1)
Investigation procedures, techniques and materials	402	(4)
Results and discussion	406	(7)
Conclusions	413	(2)
References	413	(2)
A Thinning-Based Method for Extracting Peri-Urban Road Network from Panchromatic Images
V. Karathanassi
C. Iossifidis
D. Rokos
Introduction	415	(12)
The proposed method	416	(5)
Experimental results. Method evaluation	421	(4)
Conclusions	425	(1)
References	425	(2)
Integration of Multiple Software Tools for the Design and Analysis of Structures
J. R. Garcia-Lazaro
J. F. Bienvenido
Introduction	427	(1)
Problem definition	428	(3)
Resolution procedure	431	(5)
Conclusions, next works and acknowledgements	436	(3)
Bibliography	437	(2)
Application of Distributed Techniques in a Set of Tools to Climatic Sensor Signal Validation and Data Analysis : DAMOCIA-VAL and DAMOCIA-EXP
F. Rodriguez
A. Corral
F. Bienvenido
Introduction	439	(1)
Methodology	440	(3)
Specific control architecture of DAMOCIA-VAL and DAMOCIA-EXP tools	443	(4)
Results	447	(1)
Conclusions and further developments	448	(3)
Bibliography	449	(2)
Current Techniques in Distributed Sensor Networks and Connection with AI and GIS: An Overview
S. G. Tzafestas
L. N. Laliotis
Introduction	451	(1)
Report on potential and problems on DSN/GPS linkage	452	(5)
Current applications using DNS technology	457	(5)
General applications in research, using the DSN technology in video surveillance and monitoring methods	462	(2)
Conclusions	464	(3)
References	465	(2)
A New Technique for Non-Invasive Assessment of Aortic Pressure Modulations during Treadmill Running
A. Qasem
A. Avolio
F. Camacho
T. Stephan
G. Frangakis
Introduction	467	(1)
Interaction between heart rate and step rate	468	(1)
Methods	468	(2)
Results	470	(3)
Discussion	473	(1)
Conclusions	473	(2)
References	474	(1)
The Role of Planning in Scheduling Patient Tests in Hospital Laboratories
C. C. Marinagi
C. D. Spyropoulos
S. Kokkotos
C. Halatsis
Introduction	475	(1)
Scheduling patient tests in hospital laboratories	476	(1)
Planning in the domain of scheduling patient tests	477	(5)
The patient test planning and scheduling system	482	(3)
Concluding remarks	485	(2)
References	485	(2)
Entropy Based Fatigue Identification in Spinal Surface Electromyographic Signals using Wavelets
N. D. Panagiotacopulos
J. S. Lee
K. Friesen
L. Wan
Introduction	487	(1)
Background	488	(5)
Review of fatigue analysis	493	(1)
Experimental method	494	(1)
Results	495	(1)
Conclusion	496	(3)
References	497	(2)
European Thematic Network for Intelligent Forecasting
B. E. Bitzer
Introduction	499	(1)
Thematic networks	500	(1)
IFS tasks	500	(1)
Objectives and worksteps	501	(1)
The network structure	502	(1)
National subprojects	503	(2)
Horizontal themes	505	(1)
An application example	505	(4)
References	508	(1)
Review of ANN Based Load Forecasting Research for the EPS of Crete
T. M. Papazoglou
Introduction	509	(1)
Review of techniques	510	(1)
Network architectures and inputs	510	(1)
Acceptance criteria for load forecasting	511	(1)
Conclusions	512	(1)
Acknowledgements	513	(2)
References	513	(2)
Critical Factors in Load Forecasting for the Autonomous Electric Power System of Crete
D. I. Stratakis
T. M. Papazoglou
Introduction	515	(1)
Analysis of the EPS of Crete	515	(2)
Accuracy requirements and utility of local forecast	517	(1)
Data base requirements	518	(1)
Determination of important and unimportant variables that must be taken into account for the data base formation	519	(4)
Relation between load forecast and power production	523	(2)
Conclusions	525	(2)
References	526	(1)
Reliability Cost Assessment in Composite Power Systems using the Monte Carlo Simulation Approach
N. C. Koskolos
S. M. Megalokonomos
E. N. Dialynas
Introduction	527	(1)
Basic concepts of power system outage cost	528	(1)
Monte Carlo simulation approach	528	(2)
Computational method for the evaluation of outage cost	530	(2)
Analysis of a typical power system	532	(3)
Conclusions	535	(1)
References	536