Advances in Marine Biology

by Southward; Tyler; Young; Fuiman

• ISBN13: 9780120261482
• ISBN10: 0120261480
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-01-25
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

This new volume of Advances in Marine Biology contains reviews on a wide range of important subjects such as: long-term oceanographic and ecological research in the western English Channel; marine biofouling on fish farms and its remediation; interactions between behaviour and physical forcing in the control of horizontal transport of decapod crustacean larvae; comparison of marine copepod outfluxes: nature, rate, fate and role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Advances in Marine Biology has been providing in-depth and up-to-date reviews on all aspects of Marine Biology since 1963 -- over 40 years of outstanding coverage! The series is well-known for both its excellence of reviews as well as the strength of its thematic volumes devoted to a particular field in detail, such as 'The Biochemical Ecology of Marine Fishes' and 'Molluscan Radiation'. Radiation'. * Series Encompasses 40 Years of Coverage * Up-to-date Reviews on Wide-Ranging Topics

Table of Contents

Contributors to Volume 47	v
Series Contents for Last Ten Years	ix
Long-Term Oceanographic and Ecological Research in the Western English Channel
Alan J. Southward
Olivia Langmead
Nicholas J. Hardman-Mountford
James Aiken
Gerald T. Boalch
Paul R. Dando
Martin J. Genner
Ian Joint
Michael A. Kendall
Nicholas C. Halliday
Roger P. Harris
Rebecca Leaper
Nova Mieszkowska
Robin D. Pingree
Anthony J. Richardson
David W. Sims
Tania Smith
Anthony W. Walne
Stephen J. Hawkins
Introduction and Historical Background	3	(6)
MBA	9	(47)
Temperature and salinity	13	(3)
Currents and circulation	16	(3)
Nutrients	19	(5)
Phytoplankton and productivity	24	(7)
Zooplankton, larval stages of fish, and pelagic fish	31	(12)
Intertidal observations	43	(5)
Demersal fish	48	(6)
Benthos	54	(2)
PML and the former IMER	56	(5)
Series at station L4	56	(2)
Bio-optics and photosynthesis	58	(3)
SAHFOS	61	(15)
CPR methods	63	(7)
Consistency issues	70	(2)
Plankton and mesocale hydrography	72	(1)
Phytoplankton	73	(1)
Zooplankton species routinely identified	74	(1)
Zooplankton and ichthyoplankton not routinely identified	75	(1)
Overview	76	(33)
Data Availability	82	(1)
Acknowledgements	83	(1)
References	84	(25)
Interactions Between Behaviour and Physical Forcing in the Control of Horizontal Transport of Decapod Crustacean Larvae
Henrique Queiroga
Jack Blanton
Introduction	109	(4)
Definitions	113	(5)
Larval Stages	113	(3)
Types of Vertical Migration	116	(1)
Ecological Categories	117	(1)
Marine Physical Processes and Larval Transport Mechanisms	118	(19)
Tides	119	(1)
Wind-Induced Currents	120	(1)
Buoyancy-Induced Currents	120	(1)
Geostrophic Currents	120	(1)
Cross-shelf Flow and Exchange	121	(3)
Internal Waves	124	(1)
Sea and Land Breezes	124	(1)
Interaction of Migratory Behaviour With Tidal Currents	124	(3)
Estuarine Transport	127	(5)
Transport Regimes Along Continental Margins	132	(3)
Frontal Zones as Sites of Larval Congregation	135	(2)
Cyclic Vertical Migration in the Natural Environment	137	(6)
Sampling Methodology	138	(1)
Prevalence of Cyclic Vertical Migration According to Taxonomic and Ecological Category	139	(4)
Ontogenetic Migration and the Extent of Vertical Movements	143	(5)
Significance of Vertical Migration in Dispersal: Evidence from Field Studies	148	(13)
Tidal Migrations	149	(5)
Diel Migrations	154	(5)
Ontogenetic Migrations	159	(2)
Proximate Factors Controlling Vertical Migration: Environmental Factors and Endogenous Rhythms	161	(3)
Tactic and Kinetic Responses by Estuarine and Marine Larvae	161	(2)
Endogenous Rhythms	163	(1)
Behavioural Control of Vertical Migration: Evidence from Laboratory Studies	164	(22)
Responses to Environmental Factors	170	(11)
Endogenous Rhythms	181	(5)
Nonrhythmic Vertical Migration	186	(1)
Mechanism for Depth Regulation	187	(1)
Modifiers of Vertical Migration Pattern: Temperature, Salinity, and Food	188	(2)
Vertical and Horizontal Swimming Velocities	190	(2)
Measurements of Horizontal Transport	192	(24)
Tagging	193	(1)
Larval Velocity	194	(2)
Acknowledgements	196	(1)
References	196	(20)
Marine Biofouling on Fish Farms and Its Remediation
R. A. Braithwaite
L. A. McEvoy
Introduction	216	(2)
Nature and Extent of Problem	218	(5)
Detrimental effects	219	(2)
Beneficial effects	221	(1)
Economic consequences	222	(1)
The Fouling Community of Fish-Cage Netting	223	(8)
Mediation by physical, chemical, and biological factors	223	(1)
Community development	224	(2)
Fouling taxa	226	(5)
Antifouling Technology	231	(10)
Toxic antifouling paints and materials	233	(2)
Legislation	235	(3)
Nontoxic ``alternative'' antifoulants	238	(2)
Biological control	240	(1)
Conclusions	241	(13)
Acknowledgements	243	(1)
References	243	(11)
Comparison of Marine Copepod Outfluxes: Nature, Rate, Fate and Role in the Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles
C. Frangoulis
E. D. Christou
J. H. Hecq
Introduction	254	(2)
Nature of Copepod Outfluxes	256	(7)
Nature of excretion	256	(2)
Nature of copepod particulate matter outfluxes	258	(5)
Factors Controlling the Rate of Copepod Outfluxes	263	(6)
Factors controlling the rate of copepod dissolved matter excretion	264	(2)
Factors controlling the rate of copepod particulate matter outfluxes	266	(2)
Relationships between the different outfluxes	268	(1)
Vertical Flux	269	(11)
Passive vertical flux	270	(9)
Vertical migration and active vertical flux	279	(1)
Role of Copepod Outfluxes	280	(5)
Role of copepod dissolved matter outfluxes	280	(2)
Role of copepod particulate matter outfluxes	282	(3)
Discussion	285	(26)
Acknowledgements	293	(1)
References	293	(18)
Taxonomic Index	311	(6)
Subject Index	317