Advances in Marine Biology Vol. 33 : The Biology of Calanoid Copepods

by Southward, Alan J.

• ISBN13: 9780120261338
• ISBN10: 0120261332
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1998-05-01
• Publisher: Academic Pr

Summary

This special volume of Advances in Marine Biology covers in detail the biology of calanoid copepods. Copepods are probably the most numerous multicellular organisms on earth. They are aquatic animals that live in both marine and fresh water, and are of prime importance in marine ecosystems as they form a direct link between phytoplankton and fish. This volume is essential for all marine biologists. Advances in Marine Biology contains up-to-date reviews of all areas of marine science, including fisheries science and macro/micro fauna. Each volume contains peer-reviewed papers detailing the ecology of marine regions.

Table of Contents

PREFACE	x
1. Introduction	5	(11)
1.1. The Scientific Literature	5	(3)
1.2. Environmental Sampling	8	(2)
1.3. Preservation of Samples	10	(1)
1.4. Methods of Study	11	(5)
2. External Morphology, Internal Anatomy	16	(33)
2.1. External Morphology of Adults	16	(6)
2.2. External Morphology of Young	22	(6)
2.3. Integument	28	(8)
2.4. Asymmetry	36	(1)
2.5. Abnormalities and Morphological Variation	36	(1)
2.6. Internal Anatomy	37	(12)
3. Taxonomy and Identification	49	(49)
3.1. Phylogeny of Calanoid Copepods	49	(8)
3.2. Identification of Genera and Species	57	(8)
3.3. Key to Genera of Platycopioid and Calanoid Copepods	65	(33)
4. World List of Platycopioid and Calanoid Copepods	98	(42)
4.1. Order Platycopioida Fosshagen, 1985	98	(1)
4.2. Order Calanoida Sars, 1902	99	(41)
5. Gut, Food and Feeding	140	(36)
5.1. Feeding Appendages	140	(3)
5.2. Food Capture	143	(6)
5.3. Food and Foraging in the Environment	149	(11)
5.4. Foraging Tactics	160	(6)
5.5. Feeding of Young Stages	166	(1)
5.6. Feeding Periodicity	167	(5)
5.7. Concluding Remarks	172	(4)
6. Physiology	176	(45)
6.1. Rates of Feeding and Ingestion	176	(33)
6.2. Respiration and Excretion	209	(2)
6.3. Metabolism	211	(4)
6.4. Osmotic Regulation, Salinity and Temperature	215	(1)
6.5. Responses to Environmental Variables	216	(2)
6.6. Concluding Remarks	218	(3)
7. Chemical Composition	221	(32)
7.1. Body Weight and Volume	221	(15)
7.2. Elements	236	(9)
7.3. Organic Components	245	(4)
7.4. Other Organic Components	249	(1)
7.5. Energy Content	250	(1)
7.6. Vitamins	250	(1)
7.7. Carotenoids	251	(1)
7.8. Enzymes	252	(1)
8. Reproduction	253	(44)
8.1. Seasonality in Breeding	253	(3)
8.2. Mating Behaviour	256	(10)
8.3. Spawning	266	(23)
8.4. Food Availability and Egg Production	289	(3)
8.5. Mortality of Eggs	292	(1)
8.6. Hatching of Eggs	293	(1)
8.7. Concluding Remarks	294	(3)
9. Growth	297	(52)
9.1. Laboratory Culture of Copepods	297	(1)
9.2. Development Time of Eggs	298	(16)
9.3. Growth	314	(24)
9.4. Growth Rates	338	(1)
9.5. Longevity	339	(5)
9.6. Concluding Remarks	344	(5)
10. Population Biology	349	(52)
10.1. Sampling	349	(3)
10.2. Demographic Analysis	352	(29)
10.3. Life History Patterns (Strategies)	381	(11)
10.4. Population Maintenance	392	(6)
10.5. Biomass of Populations	398	(3)
11. Behaviour	401	(56)
11.1. Swimming Activity	401	(22)
11.2. Spatial Distribution	423	(11)
11.3. Bioluminescence	434	(5)
11.4. Vertical Migration	439	(13)
11.5. Rhythms	452	(1)
11.6. Concluding Remarks	453	(4)
12. Distributional Ecology	457	(48)
12.1. Biomass of the Copepod Fauna	457	(3)
12.2. Associations of Copepods	460	(10)
12.3. Copepods of Pelagic Environments	470	(17)
12.4. Restricted Environments	487	(18)
13. Geographical Distribution	505	(14)
13.1. Introductions of Calanoids	505	(4)
13.2. Faunal Provinces and Large Marine Ecosystems	509	(7)
13.3. Identification of Species	516	(1)
13.4. Concluding Remarks	516	(3)
14. Copepods in Ecosystems	519	(142)
14.1. Ecosystems	519	(6)
14.2. Fate of Faecal Pellets	525	(1)
14.3. Perturbations within Ecosystems	526	(1)
14.4. The Biology of Copepods	527	(4)
References	531	(130)
Taxonomic Index	661	(32)
Subject Index	693	(10)
Cumulative Index of Titles	703	(6)
Cumulative Index of Authors	709