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9783211282533

Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9783211282533

  • ISBN10:

    321128253X

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2006-06-09
  • Publisher: Springer Verlag
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Summary

This series, sponsored by the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies, has already become a classic. In general, one volume is published per year. The Advances section presents fields of neurosurgery and related areas in which important recent progress has been made. The Technical Standards section features detailed descriptions of standard procedures to assist young neurosurgeons in their post-graduate training. The contributions are written by experienced clinicians and are reviewed by all members of the Editorial Board.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors
xiii
Advances
Gene Technology Based Therapies in the Brain.
T. Wirth
S. Yla-Herttuala
Abstract
3(1)
Introduction to Gene Therapy: The Past, Present and Future
4(2)
Potential Areas for Gene Therapy in the Brain
6(6)
Gene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease
7(1)
Gene Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease
8(1)
Gene Therapy for Vascular Brain Diseases
9(2)
Gene Therapy for Brain Tumours
11(1)
Challenges of Gene Therapy in the Brain
12(3)
Gene Transfer Vectors
15(5)
Viral Gene Transfer Vectors
17(1)
Retroviruses
17(1)
Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1)
17(1)
Adenoviruses
18(1)
Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV's)
18(1)
Non-Viral Vectors
19(1)
Ethics
20(1)
Concluding Remarks
21(1)
Acknowledgement
21(1)
References
21(14)
Technical Standards
Anatomy of the Orbit and its Surgical Approach.
G. Hayek
Ph. Mercier
H. D. Fournier
Abstract
35(1)
Introduction
36(1)
Anatomy of the Orbit
36(20)
The Orbital Cavity
36(2)
The Orbital Fascia or Periorbita
38(1)
Orbital Contents
39(1)
Orbital Muscles
40(2)
The Arteries of the Orbit
42(5)
Veins of the Orbit
47(1)
Nerves of the Orbit
48(7)
Lacrymal Gland
55(1)
Approach Routes to the Orbit
56(1)
Incision
56(1)
The Lateral Approach Route
57(3)
Osteoplastic Techniques
58(1)
Non-Osteoplastic Techniques
58(2)
The Superior Approach Route
60(3)
The Hybrid Lateral/Superior Route
63(3)
Discussion
66(3)
Conclusion
69(1)
References
69(5)
Neurosurgical Concepts and Approaches for Orbital Tumours.
J. C. Marchal
T. Civit
Abstract
74(1)
Introduction, Definition of Subject and Limitations
74(1)
Historical Perspective
75(1)
Aetiologies
76(17)
Generalities
76(1)
Main Orbital Tumours Occurring in Adulthood
77(1)
Orbitosphenoidal Meningioma
77(3)
Optic Sheath Meningioma
80(1)
Cavernous Haemangioma
80(1)
Schwannoma (Neurilemoma)
81(1)
Main Orbital Tumours Occurring in Children
81(1)
Optic Nerve Glioma (ONG)
81(3)
Plexiform Neurofibromas
84(2)
Orbital Vascular Lesions
86(1)
Primitive Bone Tumours
87(3)
Sarcomas
90(2)
Leukaemia and Orbital Lymphoproliferative Disorders
92(1)
Metastatic Tumours of the Orbit
92(1)
Epidermoid Cysts (ECs)
93(1)
Teratoma
93(1)
Surgical Approaches
93(20)
The Lateral Intra-Orbital Approach
97(2)
The Optic Nerve Approach
99(1)
The Sub Frontal and Intra Conical Approach of the Orbit
99(4)
Gliomas of the Optic Nerve
103(2)
Frontopterional Approach of the Orbit
105(4)
Problems of Orbital Reconstruction
109(1)
The Orbital Rim
110(1)
The Orbital Walls
110(1)
Orbital Dysplasia of the NF1
110(2)
Surgery in the Case of Fibrous Dysplasia (FD)
112(1)
Conclusions
113(1)
Acknowledgements
113(1)
References
113(8)
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in the Treatment of Hydrocephalus in Pediatric Patients.
C. Di Rocco
G. Cinalli
L. Massimi
P. Spennato
E. Cianciulli
G. Tamburrini
Abstract
121(1)
Historical Background
121(3)
Ventricular Anatomy
124(9)
Preoperative Evaluation of Ventricular Anatomy
124(2)
Neuroendoscopic Ventricular Anatomy
126(1)
Anatomy of the Frontal Horn of the Lateral Ventricles and of the Foramen of Monro; Key-Points for Endoscopic Orientation
127(1)
Anatomy and Endoscopic View of the Third Ventricle
127(2)
Endoscopic Ventricular Anatomy Variations
129(4)
Modern Neuroendoscopic Instrumentation
133(28)
Optic Devices
133(1)
Flexible Fiberscopes
133(2)
Steerable Fiberscopes
135(5)
Rigid Fiberscopes
140(1)
Rigid Rod Lens Endoscopes
141(4)
The Future: The Videoscope
145(2)
Camera and Monitor
147(2)
Illumination
149(1)
Accessories (Irrigation, Holders)
149(1)
Neuronavigation and Stereotaxy
150(2)
Operative Instruments
152(1)
Floor Perforation
152(1)
Perforation With the Endoscope Itself
152(1)
Monopolar or Bipolar Coagulation
152(2)
Decq Forceps
154(1)
Laser
155(2)
Suction-Cutting (Grotenhuis) Device
157(1)
``Semisharp'' Instruments
157(1)
Ultrasound Microprobes
157(1)
Forceps and Scissors
157(1)
Dilatation of the Stoma
158(1)
Grasping or Biopsy Forceps
159(1)
Fogarty Balloon
159(1)
Double Balloon Catheter
159(1)
The ``Urological'' Device
159(1)
Decq Forceps
160(1)
Opening of Liliequist's Membrane
160(1)
Indications
161(17)
Pure Obstructive Hydrocephalus
161(1)
Aqueductal Stenosis
161(1)
Primary Aqueductal Stenosis
162(1)
Secondary Aqueductal Stenosis
162(1)
Pathogenesis of Hydrocephalus in Patients With Aqueductal Stenosis
163(1)
Analysis of Results of ETV in Patients With Primary and Secondary Aqueductal Stenosis
164(3)
Hydrocephalus in Posterior Cranial Fossa Tumors
167(1)
Pathogenesis
167(1)
Management Strategies: The Role of ETV
167(1)
Hydrocephalus With Possible Subarachnoid Spaces Impairment
168(1)
Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Premature Infants
168(1)
Pathogenesis
169(1)
Results of ETV in Infants and Children With Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus
170(1)
Postinfectious Hydrocephalus
171(1)
Pathogenesis
171(2)
Results of ETV in Infants and Children With Postinfectious Hydrocephalus
173(1)
Hydrocephalus Associated with Dandy-Walker Syndrome
173(1)
Pathogenesis
174(1)
Results of ETV in Children With Hydrocephalus and Dandy-Walker Syndrome
175(1)
Constrictive Hydrocephalus
175(1)
Hydrocephalus Patients in with Myelomeningocele
175(1)
Pathogenesis
176(1)
Results of ETV in Myelomeningocele Patients
177(1)
Analysis of Outcome
178(20)
Early Results
179(1)
Clinical Signs and Symptoms
179(1)
ICP Monitoring
180(1)
Neuroradiological Evaluation
181(5)
ICP Monitoring and Management of Increased ICP During the ``Adaptation Period''
186(3)
Late Results
189(1)
Review of the Literature
189(7)
Re-Obstruction of the Stoma
196(1)
Intellectual Outcome
197(1)
Complications
198(7)
Hemorrhages
199(2)
Neurological Disorders
201(2)
Hypothalamic and Neurovegetative Disfunction
203(1)
Other Complications
204(1)
References
205(17)
Minimally Invasive Procedures for the Treatment of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome.
P. Mavrocordatos
A. Cahana
Abstract
222(1)
Introduction
222(1)
Prevalence and Cost
223(1)
Diagnostic Process in Chronic Low Back Pain
224(3)
Patient's History
224(1)
Physical Examination
225(1)
Radiological Findings
226(1)
Minimally Invasive Approaches Diagnostic Procedures for Low Back Pain
227(4)
Provocative Discography
227(3)
Medial Branch Blocks
230(1)
Sacro-Iliac Joint Blocks
230(1)
Minimally Invasive Approaches Diagnostic Procedures for Leg Pain
231(1)
Trans-Foraminal Diagnostic Injections
232(1)
Algorithm for Diagnostic Assessment of Low Back Pain and FBSS
232(2)
Minimally Invasive Treatments for Low Back Pain
234(3)
Intra-Discal-Electro-Therapy (IDET)
235(1)
Medial Branch Radio-Frequency Lesionning
236(1)
Minimally Invasive Treatments for Leg Pain
237(6)
Therapeutic Epidural Injections
237(1)
Percutaneous Epidural Neuroplasty (Racz Procedure) and Epiduroscopy
238(1)
Spinal Cord Stimulation
239(4)
Intrathecal Medications
243(2)
Conclusions and Future
245(2)
References
247(6)
Surgical Anatomy of Calvarial Skin and Bones---With Particular Reference to Neurosurgical Approaches.
H. D. Fournier
V. Delliere
J. B. Gourraud
Ph. Mercier
Abstract
253(1)
Introduction
254(1)
Descriptive Anatomy of the Differents Layers Covering the Cranium
254(2)
Vasculature of the Scalp
256(5)
Arteries
258(1)
Superficial Temporal Artery
258(2)
Occipital Artery
260(1)
Posterior Auricular Artery
261(1)
Arterial Anastomosis
261(1)
Veins
261(1)
Innervation of the Scalp
261(3)
Frontotemporal Branch of the Facial Nerve
261(3)
Posterior Branch of the Second Cervical Nerve
264(1)
Identification of Surface Landmarks of the Skull
264(6)
The Base of the Skull
264(1)
Important Points to Remember
265(1)
Important Relationships at the Skull Base: The Bony Labyrinth, the Facial Nerve and the Petrous Segment of the Carotid Artery
266(2)
The Key Surface Structures
268(1)
The Pterional Approach
268(1)
Venous Sinus Relationships to Surface Landmarks of the Skull
269(1)
Conclusion
270(1)
References
271

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