More than any other text, The African-American Odysseyilluminates the central place of African Americans in U.S. history #x13; not only telling the story of what it has meant to be black in America, but also how African-American history is inseparably weaved into the greater context of American history and vice versa. #xA0; Told through a clear, direct, and flowing narrative by leading scholars in the field, The African-American Odysseydraws on recent research to present black history within broad social, cultural, and political frameworks.#xA0; From Africa to the Twenty-First Century, this book follows their long, turbulent journey, including the rich culture that African Americans have nurtured throughout their history and the many-faceted quest for freedom in which African Americans have sought to counter oppression and racism.#xA0; This text also recognizes the diversity within the African-American sphere - providing coverage of all class and of women and balancing the lives of ordinary men and women with the accounts and actions of black leaders and individuals.

Darlene Clark Hine

Darlene Clark Hine is Board of Trustees Professor of African-American Studies and Professor of History at Northwestern University. She is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, past President of the Organization of American Historians and of the Southern Historical Association. Hine received her BA at Roosevelt University in Chicago, and her MA and Ph.D. from Kent State University, Kent, Ohio. Hine has taught at South Carolina State University and at Purdue University. She was a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University and at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Studies at Harvard University. She is the author and/or co-editor of fifteen books, most recently The Harvard Guide to African American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000) co-edited with Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham and Leon Litwack. She co-edited a two volume set with Earnestine Jenkins, A Question of Manhood: A Reader in Black Men’s History and Masculinity (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999, 2001); and with Jacqueline McLeod, Crossing Boundaries: Comparative History of Black People in Diaspora (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2000pk). With Kathleen Thompson she wrote A Shining Thread of Hope: The History of Black Women in America (New York: Broadway Books, 1998), and edited with Barry Gaspar, More Than Chattel: Black Women and Slavery in the Americas (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996). She won the Dartmouth Medal of the American Library Association for the reference volumes co-edited with Elsa Barkley Brown and Rosalyn Terborg-Penn, Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia (New York: Carlson Publishing, 1993). She is the author of Black Women in White: Racial Conflict and Cooperation in the Nursing Profession, 1890—1950 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989). Her forthcoming book is entitled The Black Professional Class: Physicians, Nurses, Lawyers, and the Origins of the Civil Rights Movement, 1890—1955.

William C. Hine

William C. Hine received his undergraduate education at Bowling Green State University, his master’s degree at the University of Wyoming, and his Ph.D. at Kent State University. He is a professor of history at South Carolina State University. He has had articles published in several journals, including Agricultural History, Labor History, and the Journal of Southern History. He is currently writing a history of South Carolina State University.

Stanley Harrold

Stanley Harrold, Professor of History at South Carolina State University, received his bachelor’s degree from Allegheny College and his master’s and Ph.D. degrees from Kent State University. He is coeditor of Southern Dissent, a book series published by the University Press of Florida. In 1991-1992 and 1996-1997 he had National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowships. In 2005 he received an NEH Faculty Research Award. His books include: Gamaliel Bailey and Antislavery Union (Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1986), The Abolitionists and the South (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1995), Antislavery Violence: Sectional, Racial, and Cultural Conflict in Antebellum America (co-edited with John R. McKivigan; Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1999), American Abolitionists (Harlow, U.K.: Longman, 2001), Subversives: Antislavery Community in Washington, D.C., 18280-1865 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2003), The Rise of Aggressive Abolitionism: Addresses to the Slaves (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004), Civil War and Reconstruction: A Documentary Reader (Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell, 2007) and Border War: Fighting over Slavery before the Civil War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010). He has published articles in Civil War History, Journal of Southern History, Radical History Review, and Journal of the Early Republic.

PART I Becoming African American

1 Africa

A Huge and Diverse Land

The Birthplace of Humanity

Ancient Civilizations and Old Arguments

West Africa

Kongo and Angola

West African Society and Culture

2 Middle Passage

The European Age of Exploration and Colonization

The Slave Trade in Africa

The Origins of the Atlantic Slave Trade

Growth of the Atlantic Slave Trade

The African-American Ordeal from Capture to Destination

Landing and Sale in the West Indies

Seasoning

The End of the Journey: Masters and Slaves in the Americas

The Ending of the Atlantic Slave Trade

3 Black People in Colonial North America, 1526–1763

The Peoples of Eastern North America

Black Servitude in the Chesapeake

Plantation Slavery, 1700–1750

Slave Life in Early America

Miscegenation and Creolization

The Origins of African-American Culture

Slavery in the Northern Colonies

Slavery in Spanish Florida and French Louisiana

Black Women in Colonial America

Black Resistance and Rebellion

4 Rising Expectations: African Americans and the Struggle for Independence, 1763–1783

The Crisis of the British Empire

The Declaration of Independence and African Americans

Black Enlightenment

African Americans in the War for Independence

The Revolution and Emancipation

5 African Americans in the New Nation, 1783–1820

Forces for Freedom

Forces for Slavery

The Emergence of Free Black Communities

The War of 1812

PART II Slavery, Abolition, and the Quest for Freedom: The Coming of the Civil War, 1793–1861

6 Life in the Cotton Kingdom

The Expansion of Slavery

Slave Labor in Agriculture

House Servants and Skilled Slaves

Slave Families

The Socialization of Slaves

Religion

The Character of Slavery and Slaves

7 Free Black People in Antebellum America, 1820-1861

Demographics of Freedom

The Jacksonian Era

Limited Freedom in the North

Black Communities in the Urban North

African-American Institutions

Free African Americans in the Upper South

Free African Americans in the Deep South

8 Opposition to Slavery, 1800–1833

Abolitionism Begins in America

From Gabriel to Denmark Vesey

A Country in Turmoil

Black Abolitionist Women

The Baltimore Alliance

David Walker and Nat Turner

9 Let Your Motto Be Resistance, 1833–1850

A Rising Tide of Racism and Violence

Black Community Institutions

The American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society and the Liberty Party

A More Aggressive Abolitionism

Black Militancy

10 “And Black People Were at the Heart of It”: The United States Disunites Over Slavery

The Lure of the West

Fugitive Slaves

The Rochester Convention, 1853

Nativism and the Know-Nothings

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

The Kansas-Nebraska Act

Preston Brooks Attacks Charles Sumner

The Dred Scott Decision

White Northerners and Black Americans

The Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Abraham Lincoln and Black People

John Brown and the Raid on Harpers Ferry

The Election of Abraham Lincoln

PART III The Civil War, Emancipation, and Black Reconstruction: The Second American Revolution

11 Liberation: African Americans and the Civil War

Lincoln ’s Aims

Black Men Volunteer and Are Rejected

Union Policies toward Confederate Slaves

The Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation

The Emancipation Proclamation

Black Men Fight for the Union

The Confederate Reaction to Black Soldiers

Black Men in the Union Navy

Liberators, Spies, and Guides

Violent Opposition to Black People

Refugees

Black People and the Confederacy

12 The Meaning of Freedom: The Promise of Reconstruction, 1865–1868

The End of Slavery

Land

The Freedmen’s Bureau

Southern Homestead Act

Sharecropping

The Black Church

Education

Violence

The Crusade for Political and Civil Rights

Presidential Reconstruction under Andrew Johnson

Black Codes

Black Conventions

The Radical Republicans

The Fourteenth Amendment

Radical Reconstruction

The Reaction of White Southerners

13 The Meaning of Freedom: The Failure of Reconstruction, 1868–1877

Constitutional Conventions

Elections

Black Political Leaders

The Issues

Economic Issues

Black Politicians: An Evaluation

Republican Factionalism

Opposition

The Fifteenth Amendment

The Enforcement Acts

The North Loses Interest

The Freedmen’s Bank

The Civil Rights Act of 1875

The End of Reconstruction

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