Aging Methods and Protocols

by Barnett, Yvonne A.; Barnett, Christopher R.

• ISBN13: 9780896035829
• ISBN10: 0896035824
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-06-01
• Publisher: Humana Pr Inc

Summary

Yvonne and Christopher Barnett and a team of recognized international experts detail key biochemical, analytical, and molecular techniques for the investigation of aging at the cellular, tissue, organ, and whole system levels. These cutting-edge methods address a wide range of research needs, from uncovering the factors associated with cell senescence and death, to exploring alterations in the body's ability both to metabolize xenobiotics and to defend itself against biomolecular damage. State-of-the-art protocols also measure the morphological, functional, and molecular changes that accumulate within mitochrondria over time, and permit the genetic and functional characteristics of the immune system to be determined. Wide ranging and highly practical, Aging Methods and Protocols provides today's molecular gerontologists, pharmacologists, and clinical investigators with a gold-standard collection of readily reproducible techniques for identifying those key cellular and molecular processes that might one day make it possible to regulate the aging process.

Author Biography

Mahdi Adibzadeh: Tuebingen Ageing and Tumour Immunology Group, Section for Transplantation Immunology and Immunohaematology, Department of Haematology, Oncology and Immunology, Tuebingen University Medical School Robert G. Allen: Center for Gerontological Research, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences Corona Alonso: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Renia Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba Julie K. Andersen: Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California Richard M. Andrews: Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Christopher R. Barnett: School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster Yvonne A. Barnett: School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster John W. Baynes: Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Ophthalmology, University of Southern Carolina Ian Beckman: Department of Immunology, Fremantle Hospital, Perth, Western Australia Iris F. F. Benzie: Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Carlo Bertoni-Freddari: Neurobiology of Aging Laboratory, INCRA, Ancona, Italy Emma L. Blakely: Department of Neurology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Gillian M. Borthwick: Department of Neurology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Elizabeth J. Brierley: Departments of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Ruaidhri J. Carmody: Tumour Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College Patrick F. Chinnery: Department of Neurology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Peter H. Clingen: CRC Drug-DNA Interaction Research Group, Department of Oncology, University College London Andrew R. Collins: Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen Scotland Ana P. Costa-Pereira: Tumour Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College, Cork Thomas G. Cotter: Tumour Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College, Cork Vincent J. Cristofalo: Center for Gerontological Research, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences Martin D. Curran: Northern Ireland Regional Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Belfast City Hospital, Northern Ireland Rita B. Effros: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine Andrea Engel: Tuebingen Ageing and Tumour Immunology Group, Section for Transplantation Immunology and Immunohaematology, Department of Haematology, Oncology and Immunology, Tuebingen University Medical School Catherine M. Gedik: Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland Michael H. L. Green: School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein: Institute for Biomedical Aging Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria Sai-Mei Hou: Department of Biosciences, Karolinska Institute, CNT/NOVUM, Sweden Costas Ioannides: School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey Christopher J. Kirk: Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Institute of Gerontology and Ann Arbor DVA Medical Center Jillian E. Lowe: MRC Cell Mutation Unit, University of Sussex, Jane McEneny: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Science, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland Sharon L. McKenna: Tumour Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College, Cork Erminia Mariana: Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Laboratorio di Immunologia e Genetica, Bologna, Italy Derek Middleton: Northern Ireland Regional Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Belfast City Hospital, Northern Ireland Jaime Miquel: Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University Richard A. Miller: Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Institute of Gerontology and Ann Arbor DVA Medical Center Federico V. Pallardo: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia Graham Pawelec: Tuebingen Ageing and Tumour Immunology Group, Section for Transplantation Immunology and Immunohaematology, Department of Haematology, Oncology and Immunology, Tuebingen University Medical School David L. Price: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina Jesus R. Requena: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Carolina Nikolaus Romani: Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck Juan Sastre: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia Maria Saurwein-Teissl: Institute for Biomedical Aging Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Govert P. van der Schans: Research Group Pharmacology, TNO Prins Maurits Laboratory, Rijswijk, The Netherlands Rafael Solana: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Renia Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba John J. Strain: Northern Ireland Centre for Diet and Health, Faculty of Science, University of Ulster Bernard L. Strehler: Agoura, CA Robert W. Taylor: Department of Neurology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Suzanne R. Thorpe: Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Opthalmology, University of South Carolina Douglass M. Turnbull: Department of Neurology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Hector F. Valenzuela: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine Nicholas J. Vaughan: Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland Jose Vina: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia Craig Volker: Center for Gerontological Research, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences Theresa M. Wardell: Department of Neurology, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Fionnuala Williams: Northern Ireland Regional Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Belfast City Hospital, Northern Ireland Sharon G. Wood: Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland Ian Young: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Science, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland Byung Pal Yu: Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Contributors	xi
Understanding Aging	1	(22)
Bernard L. Strehler
PART I: THE STUDY OF CELL SENESCENCE AND CELL DEATH
Use of the Fibroblast Model in the Study of Cellular Senescence	23	(30)
Vincent J. Cristofalo
Craig Volker
Robert G. Allen
Human T-Cell Clones	53	(10)
Graham Pawelec
Telomeres and Replicative Senescence	63	(8)
Hector F. Valenzuela
Rita B. Effros
Detection of Molecular Events During Apoptosis by Flow Cytometry	71	(14)
Ruaidhri J. Carmody
Ana P. Costa-Pereira
Sharon L. McKenna
Tom G. Cotter
Raf-1 Protein Kinase Activity in T Cells from Aged Mice	85	(12)
Christopher J. Kirk
Richard A. Miller
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Young and Senescent T Cells	97	(22)
Andrea Engel
Mahdi Adibzadeh
Graham Pawelec
PART II: AGE-RELATED CHANGES TO XENOBIOTIC METABOLIZING ENZYME SYSTEMS
Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzyme Systems and Aging	119	(14)
Christopher R. Barnett
Costas loannides
PART III: AGE-RELATED CHANGES TO DEFENSE SYSTEMS AGAINST BIOMOLECULE DAMAGE
Assessing Age-Related Changes in Antioxidant Status: The FRASC Assay for Total Antioxidant Power and Ascorbic Acid Concentration in Biological Fluids	133	(10)
Iris F. F. Benzie
John J. Strain
Measurement of DNA Damage and Repair Capacity as a Function of Age Using the Comet Assay	143	(16)
Peter H. Clingen
Jillian E. Lowe
Michael H. L. Green
Measurement of DNA Damage and Repair in Human White Blood Cells by an Immunochemical Assay	159	(12)
Govert P. van der Schans
PART IV: AGE-RELATED CHANGES TO CELLULAR BIOMOLECULES
Measurement of 8-Oxo-deoxyguanosine in Lymphocytes, Cultured Cells, and Tissue Samples by HPLC with Electrochemical Detection	171	(8)
Sharon G. Wood
Catherine M. Gedik
Nicholas J. Vaughan
Andrew R. Collins
Mutation and the Aging Process: Mutant Frequency at the HPRT Gene Locus as a Function of Age in Humans	179	(10)
Yvonne A. Barnett
Christopher R. Barnett
Somatic Mutations and Aging: Methods for Molecular Analysis of HPRT Mutations	189	(10)
Sai-Mei Hou
Assessment of Susceptibility of Low-Density Lipoprctein to Oxidation	199	(10)
Jane McEneny
Ian S. Young
Measurement of Pentosidine in Biological Samples	209	(12)
Jesus R. Requena
David L. Price
Suzanne R. Thorpe
John W. Baynes
PART V: MITOCHONDRIAL MORPHOLOGY, FUNCTION AND MUTATION WITH AGE
Causes and Consequences of Damage to Mitochondria: Morphological Aspects	221	(16)
Jaime Miquel
Carlo Bertoni-Freddari
Causes and Consequences of Damage to Mitochondria: Study of Functional Aspects by Flow Cytometry	237	(8)
Federico V. Pallardo
Juan Sastre
Jaime Miquel
Jose Vina
Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations: Deletions	245	(20)
Robert W. Taylor
Theresa M. Wardell
Emma L. Blakely
Gillian M. Borthwick
Elizabeth J. Brierley
Douglass M. Turnbull
Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations: Point Mutations	265	(16)
Robert W. Taylor
Richard M. Andrews
Patrick F. Chinnery
Douglass M. Turnbull
PART VI: IMMUNE SYSTEM AND AGING
Assessment of T-Cell Function in the Aged: T-Cell Proliferative and T-Cell Adherence Assays	281	(10)
Ian Beckman
Dendritic Cells in Old Age	291	(20)
Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein
Maria Saurwein-Teissl
Nikolaus Romani
Age-Related Alterations to Natural Killer Cell Function	311	(10)
Erminia Mariani
Corona Alonso
Rafael Solana
Immunogenetics and Life-Span: HLA	321	(32)
Derek Middleton
Martin D. Curran
Fionnuala Williams
PART VII: CASE STUDIES
Dietary Restriction and Life-Span Extension	353	(8)
Byung Pal Yu
The Use of Genetically Engineered Mice in Aging Research	361	(18)
Julie K. Andersen
Index	379