Air Cargo in Mainland China and Hong Kong

by Zhang,Anming

• ISBN13: 9780754642169
• ISBN10: 075464216X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-07-28
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Air traffic and the aviation industry have grown rapidly on the Chinese mainland in the two and a half decades since China's open door policy. Accession to the WTO will further stimulate trade and foreign direct investment (FDI), intensifying the demand for air cargo services. This book provides a systematic and comprehensive study of China's air cargo industry as well as its policy evolution.

Table of Contents

List of Figures	xi
List of Tables	xiii
List of Authors	xvii
Preface	xix
Introduction	1	(4)
PART I OVERVIEW	5	(40)
An Overview of Air Cargo Flows	7	(16)
Aviation Growth	7	(2)
Regions and Airports	9	(4)
Six Regions	9	(3)
Air Cargo	12	(1)
The Domestic Network	13	(2)
Hong Kong	15	(3)
The International Route Network	18	(3)
Commodities	21	(1)
Conclusions	21	(2)
The Mainland's Aviation Industry and Policy	23	(22)
Developments up to 1992	24	(3)
History	24	(3)
Developments Since 1993	27	(4)
Market Structure	27	(1)
The Mega-Carriers	28	(2)
Price Competition	30	(1)
Non-Price Competition	31	(1)
Industry Performance	31	(6)
Financial Performance	31	(2)
Productivity Changes	33	(2)
Causes of Productivity Slowdown	35	(2)
International Aviation Policy	37	(4)
Infrastructure	40	(1)
Remarks	41	(4)
Appendix: Nine Freedoms of the Air	42	(3)
PART II MAJOR HUBS	45	(68)
Beijing	47	(14)
The Airport	47	(2)
The Gateway to North China	49	(5)
North China	51	(2)
Other Neighboring Provinces	53	(1)
A Domestic Hub	54	(2)
The Concept of a Hub	54	(2)
An International Gateway	56	(2)
International Routes	56	(1)
Imports and Exports	56	(2)
The Impact of Air Cargo Business	58	(1)
Direct and Induced Contributions	58	(1)
The Hub Carrier: Air China	59	(1)
Comparison with Other Hub Airports in Northeast Asia	60	(1)
Shanghai	61	(16)
Recent Developments	61	(4)
The City	65	(1)
The Region	66	(3)
The Roles of Shanghai's Airports	69	(1)
The Hub Carriers	70	(2)
Comparison with Other Airports	72	(2)
Conclusions	74	(3)
Hong Kong	77	(24)
The Airport	78	(2)
The Pattern of Hong Kong's Overall Trade	80	(3)
The Pattern of Air Cargo Flows	83	(5)
Local Traffic	84	(1)
Gateway Traffic	85	(1)
Hub Traffic	86	(2)
Air Rights and Aviation Policy	88	(3)
The Hub Carriers	91	(1)
Competitive Factors	91	(3)
How Long will Hong Kong's Hub Role Continue?	94	(7)
Appendix	97	(4)
Guangzhou	101	(12)
The Airports	101	(2)
The Region	103	(4)
The Market Positions of the Five Airports in the Pearl River Delta	107	(4)
Macau and Zhuhai	107	(2)
Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hong Kong	109	(2)
The Hub Carrier: China Southern Airlines	111	(1)
Prospects	111	(2)
PART III INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY	113	(32)
IT Applications in the Air Cargo Logistics Industry	115	(16)
Information Systems in the Hong Kong Air Cargo Industry	116	(4)
EAN.UCC	118	(1)
RosettaNet	118	(1)
Tradelink	119	(1)
Traxon	119	(1)
COSAC	119	(1)
ACCS	120	(1)
The Use of IT by Different Agents in Hong Kong	120	(2)
Airlines	120	(1)
Forwarders	120	(1)
Integrators	120	(1)
Warehouse Operators	121	(1)
Trucking Companies	121	(1)
Government Departments	121	(1)
Shippers	121	(1)
Information Systems on the Mainland	122	(1)
RosettaNet on the Mainland	122	(1)
Eport	122	(1)
The Use of IT by Agents in Beijing and Shanghai	123	(3)
Airlines	123	(1)
Forwarders	123	(1)
Integrators	124	(1)
Warehouse Operators	124	(1)
Trucking Industry	125	(1)
Customs	125	(1)
Airports and Terminal Operators	125	(1)
Foreign Owned Companies and Joint Ventures	126	(1)
Conclusions	126	(5)
Glossary of Acronyms	128	(1)
Web Sources	129	(2)
IT Infrastructure Needs of the Air Cargo Industry	131	(14)
A Fourth Party e-Logistics Network: A Proposed IT Infrastructure	133	(3)
Hong Kong's DTTN	134	(1)
Networking e-Logistics Networks	135	(1)
Standards for an e-Logistics Network	136	(1)
IT Infrastructure Support in Hong Kong	137	(3)
Broadband Communication Network	138	(1)
Internet Service Providers and International Connectivity	138	(1)
Internet Subscribers	139	(1)
Certificate Authority and Payment Gateway	139	(1)
Internet Exchange Centers	139	(1)
IT Infrastructure Support in the Mainland Hubs	140	(3)
Broadband Communication Network	140	(1)
Internet Service Providers and International Connectivity	140	(1)
Internet Subscribers	141	(1)
Certificate Authority and Payment Gateway	142	(1)
Internet Exchange Centers	142	(1)
Conclusions	143	(2)
Web Sources	144	(1)
PART IV PROSPECT AND CONCLUSION	145	(32)
Further Liberalization and Obstacles	147	(20)
Liberalization and Regional Integration	147	(5)
The Bilateral System and the US Bilateral Open-Skies Initiative	148	(1)
The WTO/GATS Multilateral Approach	149	(1)
Regional Open-Skies Bloc	150	(1)
An Open-Skies Bloc for Northeast Asia?	151	(1)
Liberalization of Air Cargo Services	152	(5)
The Increasing Importance of Air Cargo	152	(1)
Liberalizing Air Cargo Services First?	153	(1)
Liberalization in Related Areas	154	(3)
Reasons for China's Conservative International Aviation Policy	157	(3)
Weak Airlines	157	(1)
Foreign Travel Restriction and Low Income	158	(1)
Lack of International Experience	159	(1)
Airport Capacity and Management	160	(1)
Other Obstacles	160	(2)
Positive Developments	162	(3)
WTO Membership	162	(1)
More Liberal Attitude in International Aviation	163	(1)
Improvement in Infrastructure	163	(1)
Restructuring of the Aviation Industry	164	(1)
Some Policy Recommendations for Mainland Customs	165	(2)
Looking Back and Looking Forward	167	(10)
The Mainland	167	(4)
High but Uneven Growth	167	(1)
Decentralization and Liberalization	168	(1)
Modernization of Logistics	169	(1)
International Aviation Policy	170	(1)
Reorganization of the Route Network	171	(1)
Hong Kong	171	(3)
Mainland Routes and Aviation Policy	171	(1)
Infrastructure	172	(1)
Cross-Strait Direct Links	173	(1)
Future Research and Better Data	174	(3)
References	177	(6)
Index	183