Air Conditioning Application and Design

by Jones; W Peter

• ISBN13: 9780340645543
• ISBN10: 0340645547
• eBook ISBN(s): 9781135138967
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1996-12-24
• Publisher: Routledge
• More Book Details
• Purchase Benefits

Summary

Intended for advanced students of building services, this practical book describes the design of air conditioning systems. Readers are assumed to have a knowledge of the basic principles of air conditioning, which are covered in the companion volume Air Conditioning Engineering. this new edition takes account of the latest building codes and pays greater attention to energy conservation. The section on systems characteristics is expanded and extensively revised to take account of developments in the technology of air conditioning since publication of the previous edition. There are expanded sections on specialist applications such as systems for clean rooms in the semiconductor industry. The author has wide experience both in lecturing on the subject and in the practical design and installation of air conditioning systems.

Table of Contents

Preface to the First Edition	ix	(2)
Preface to the Second Edition	xi
1 Practical Load Assessment	1	(28)
1.1 The aims of load assessment	1	(1)
1.2 A hypothetical office block	1	(3)
1.3 Solar heat gain through glass	4	(4)
1.4 Variations in outside air temperature	8	(1)
1.5 Heat gain through walls and roofs	9	(4)
1.6 Heat gain from electric lights	13	(1)
1.7 Heat gains from people and business machines	13	(2)
1.8 Practical heat gains	15	(3)
1.9 Heat gains and refrigeration load	18	(11)
2 System Characteristics	29	(90)
2.1 System classification	29	(1)
2.2 Altitude effects	30	(5)
2.3 Unitary systems	35	(18)
2.4 Constant Volume re-heat and sequence heat systems	53	(5)
2.5 Roof-top units	58	(1)
2.6 Variable air Volume systems	58	(21)
2.7 Dual duct systems	79	(2)
2.8 Multizone units	81	(1)
2.9 Air curtains	82	(4)
2.10 Perimeter induction systems	86	(11)
2.11 Fan coil systems	97	(9)
2.12 Chilled ceilings and chilled beams	106	(13)
3 Applications	119	(72)
3.1 Principles	119	(1)
3.2 Office blocks	119	(3)
3.3 The atrium in buildings	122	(4)
3.4 Hotels	126	(10)
3.5 Residences and apartments	136	(1)
3.6 Shopping centres	137	(2)
3.7 Supermarkets	139	(4)
3.8 Department stores	143	(2)
3.9 Kitchens and restaurants	145	(1)
3.10 Auditoria and broadcasting studios	145	(4)
3.11 Museums, art galleries and libraries	149	(1)
3.12 Swimming pools	149	(11)
3.13 Bowling centres	160	(1)
3.14 Clean rooms	161	(11)
3.15 Hospitals	172	(1)
3.16 Operating theatres	173	(3)
3.17 Constant temperature rooms	176	(5)
3.18 Computer rooms	181	(4)
3.19 Combined heat and power	185	(6)
4 Water Distribution	191	(40)
4.1 Pipe sizing	191	(4)
4.2 The design of piping circuits	195	(8)
4.3 Centrifugal pumps	203	(6)
4.4 The interaction of pump and system characteristics	209	(2)
4.5 Variable flowsystems	211	(5)
4.6 Pump types	216	(1)
4.7 Margins and pump duty	217	(1)
4.8 Dissolved gases and cavitation	218	(7)
4.9 Temperature rise across pumps and heat gain to pipes	225	(6)
5 Air Distribution	231	(30)
5.1 The free isothermal jet	231	(2)
5.2 The free non-isothermal jet	233	(1)
5.3 Side-wall grilles	234	(6)
5.4 Circular ceiling diffusers	240	(3)
5.5 Square ceiling diffusers	243	(1)
5.6 Linear slot diffusers	243	(2)
5.7 Swirl diffusers	245	(1)
5.8 Permeable, textile, air distribution ducting	245	(1)
5.9 Smudging on walls and ceilings	246	(1)
5.10 Ventilated ceilings	246	(3)
5.11 Ventilated floors	249	(1)
5.12 Displacement ventilation	249	(2)
5.13 The influence of obstructions on airflow	251	(2)
5.14 Extract air distribution	253	(1)
5.15 Air distribution performance index	254	(1)
5.16 Variable volume air distribution	254	(7)
6 Plant Location and Space Requirements	261	(12)
6.1 Plant location	261	(1)
6.2 Cooling tower space	262	(1)
6.3 Air-cooled condensers	262	(2)
6.4 Water chillers	264	(1)
6.5 Air-handling plant	265	(1)
6.6 Systems	265	(2)
6.7 Duct space	267	(1)
6.8 Miscellaneous items	268	(5)
7 Applied Acoustics	273	(44)
7.1 Simple sound waves	273	(1)
7.2 Simple wave equations	274	(1)
7.3 Root mean square pressure	275	(1)
7.4 Intensity, power and pressure	275	(2)
7.5 Decibels	277	(2)
7.6 Sound fields and absorption coefficients	279	(2)
7.7 Octave bands	281	(2)
7.8 Room effect	283	(3)
7.9 Noise criteria, noise ratings and room criteria	286	(3)
7.10 Traffic noise and windows	289	(1)
7.11 Privacy of speech	290	(1)
7.12 Sound transmission through building structures	291	(2)
7.13 Sources of noise in mechanical systems	293	(1)
7.14 Fan noise	294	(1)
7.15 Noise in ducts	295	(3)
7.16 Silencers	298	(3)
7.17 End reflection	301	(1)
7.18 Duct branches	301	(2)
7.19 Noise from pumps and pipes	303	(1)
7.20 Refrigeration plant	303	(1)
7.21 Cooling towers and air-cooled condensers	304	(2)
7.22 Noise radiated to areas outside a building	306	(1)
7.23 Terminal units	307	(1)
7.24 Measurement of sound	308	(1)
7.25 Vibration transmission	309	(1)
7.26 Damping	310	(1)
7.27 Anti-vibration mountings	311	(6)
8 Economics	317	(30)
8.1 Capital costs	317	(1)
8.2 Energy consumption	318	(10)
8.3 Electrical and thermal energy used by VAV systems	328	(8)
8.4 Economic appraisal	336	(11)
9 Energy conservation	347	(10)
9.1 Building design	347	(1)
9.2 Energy conservation techniques in systems	348	(7)
9.3 System operation	355	(2)
Appendix	357	(18)
A.1 Solar gains through internally shaded glass (reproduced by kind permission of Haden Young Ltd)	357	(2)
(a) For room surface density of 500 kg m-2	357	(1)
(b) For room surface density of 150 kg m-2	358	(1)
A.2 Factors for use with Table A.1 (reproduced by kind permission of Haden Young Ltd)	359	(1)
A.3 Solar gains through bare glass (reproduced by kind permission of Haden Young Ltd)	360	(2)
(a) For room surface density of 500 kg m-2	360	(1)
(b) For room surface density if 150 kg m-2	361	(1)
A.4 Factors for use with Table A.3 (reproduced by kind permisson of Haden Young Ltd)	362	(1)
A.5 Cooling load due to solar gain through vertical glazing (10 h plant operation) -- W m-2. For constant dry resultant temperature, lightweight building, intermittent blinds, 51.7 N latitude (reproduced form CIBSE Guide A by permission of the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers)	363	(1)
A.6 Approximate time lags for building structures.	364	(1)
A.7 Approximate decrement factors for building structures	365	(1)
A.8 Equivalent temperature differences (reproduced by kind permission of Haden Young Ltd)	365	(1)
A.9 Sol-air temperatures at Kew (reproduced from CIBSE Guide A by permission of the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers	366	(4)
A.10 Approximate climatic refrigeration loads for office blocks in the UK, assuming a lightweight building (150 kg m-2) with a heavyweight roof (300 kg m-2)	370	(1)
A.11 Meteorological data for Kew (reproduced by permission of HMSO, London)	371	(1)
Derivation of Equation (2.3)	372	(1)
Derivation of Equation (2.4)	372	(1)
Noise criteria curves	373	(1)
Noise rating curves	373	(2)
Index	375