America Becoming

by Smelser, Neil J.; Wilson, William Julius; Mitchell, Faith

• ISBN13: 9780309068406
• ISBN10: 0309068401
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-02-01
• Publisher: Natl Academy Pr

Summary

The 20th Century has been marked by enormous change in terms of how we define race. In large part, we have thrown out the antiquated notions of the 1800s, giving way to a more realistic, sociocultural view of the world. The United States is, perhaps more than any other industrialized country, distinguished by the size and diversity of its racial and ethnic minority populations. Current trends promise that these features will endure. Fifty years from now, there will most likely be no single majority group in the United States. How will we fare as a nation when race-based issues such as immigration, job opportunities, and affirmative action are already so contentious today? In America Becoming, leading scholars and commentators explore past and current trends among African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, and Native Americans in the context of a white majority. This volume presents the most up-to-date findings and analysis on racial and social dynamics, with recommendations for ongoing research. It examines compelling issues in the field of race relations, including: Race and ethnicity in criminal justice. Demographic and social trends for Hispanics, Asian Americans, and Native Americans. Trends in minority-owned businesses. Wealth, welfare, and racial stratification. Residential segregation and the meaning of "neighborhood." Disparities in educational test scores among races and ethnicities. Health and development for minority children, adolescents, and adults. Race and ethnicity in the labor market, including the role of minorities in America's military. Immigration and the dynamics of race and ethnicity. The changing meaning of race. Changing racial attitudes. This collection of papers, compiled and edited by distinguished leaders in the behavioral and social sciences, represents the most current literature in the field. Volume 1 covers demographic trends, immigration, racial attitudes, and the geography of opportunity. Volume 2 deals with the criminal justice system, the labor market, welfare, and health trends, Both books will be of great interest to educators, scholars, researchers, students, social scientists, and policymakers.

Table of Contents

JUSTICE TRENDS
Racial Trends in the Administration of Criminal Justice	1	(20)
Randall Kennedy
Race and Criminal Justice	21	(11)
Alfred Blumstein
Commentary on Randall Kennedy's Overview of the Justice System	32	(20)
Darnell F. Hawkins
LABOR FORCE, INCOME, WEALTH, AND WELFARE TRENDS
Race and Ethnicity in the Labor Market: Trends Over the Short and Long Term	52	(46)
James P. Smith
Racial Differences in Labor Market Outcomes Among Men	98	(26)
Harry J. Holzer
Racial Trends in Labor Market Access and Wages: Women	124	(28)
Cecilia A. Conrad
Ethnic and Racial Differences in Welfare Receipt in the United States	152	(20)
Robert A. Moffitt
Peter T. Gottschalk
Labor Force Trends: The Military as Data	172	(18)
John Sibley Butler
Charles C. Moskos
Trends in Minority-Owned Businesses	190	(32)
Thomas D. Boston
Wealth and Racial Stratification	222	(31)
Melvin L. Oliver
Thomas M. Shapiro
HEALTH TRENDS
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health: Recent Trends, Current Patterns, Future Directions	253	(58)
Raynard S. Kington
Herbert W. Nickens
Racial and Ethnic Trends in Children's and Adolescents' Behavior and Development	311	(40)
Vonnie C. McLoyd
Betsy Lozoff
The Health of Minority Children in the Year 2000: The Role of Government Programs in Improving the Health Status of America's Children	351	(20)
Renee R. Jenkins
Racial Variations in Adult Health Status: Patterns, Paradoxes, and Prospects	371	(40)
David R. Williams
Health-Care Use in the Veterans Health Administration: Racial Trends and the Spirit of Inquiry	411	(36)
Eugene Z. Oddone
Laura A. Petersen
Morris Weinberger
APPENDIXES
A Acronyms	431	(3)
B Agenda: Research Conference on Racial Trends in the United States	434	(5)
C Biographical Sketches	439	(8)
Index	447