American Constitutional Law : Governmental Powers and Democracy

by Kommers, Donald P.; Finn, John E.; Jacobsohn, Gary Jeffrey

• ISBN13: 9780742526884
• ISBN10: 0742526887
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-04-01
• Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc

Summary

Volume 1 of this text focuses on governmental structures and relationships and includes a new chapter on elections and political representation.

Author Biography

Donald P. Kommers is Joseph and Elizabeth Robbie Professor of Political Science and professor of law at Notre Dame University.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Introduction	1	(2)
The Interpretive Perspective	3	(1)
The Normative Perspective	3	(1)
The Comparative Perspective	4	(5)
Part I Institutional and Interpretive Foundations	9	(48)
The Supreme Court	11	(20)
The Justices: Politics of Appointment	12	(2)
The Federal Court System	14	(1)
Jurisdiction: The Power to Hear Cases and Controversies	15	(3)
Congressional Control Over Appellate Jurisdiction	18	(1)
Deciding to Decide: Decision-Making Procedures	18	(4)
Coming to Decision: Voting on Cases and Writing Opinions	21	(1)
The Impact of Decisions	22	(2)
Understanding Judicial Opinions	23	(1)
Comparative Perspectives	24	(4)
Generalized or Specialized Jurisdiction	25	(1)
Centralized and Decentralized Systems of Constitutional Review	26	(1)
The Effects of Judicial Review	26	(1)
Differences in Judicial Opinions	27	(1)
Methods of Judicial Appointment and Terms of Office	27	(1)
Conclusion	28	(1)
Selected Bibliography	28	(3)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	29	(2)
The Constitution and Its Interpretation	31	(26)
The Constitution	31	(2)
The Why and What of Constitutional Interpretation	33	(3)
Sources and Methods of Interpretation	36	(8)
Textualism	37	(1)
Original History	38	(1)
Doctrinalism	39	(1)
Precedent	40	(1)
Prudentialism	41	(1)
Structuralism	42	(1)
Philosophical and Aspirational Argument	43	(1)
Limits to Interpretation: An Unconstitutional Constitutional Amendment?	44	(1)
Griswold v. Connecticut: A Case Study in Interpretation	45	(3)
Comparative Perspectives	48	(5)
Selected Bibliography	53	(4)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	53	(4)
Part II Intergovernmental Powers and Relationships	57	(366)
Judicial Power	61	(48)
The Constitution and Judicial Review	61	(2)
The Early Struggle for Judicial Supremacy	63	(2)
Expansion of Judicial Power	65	(4)
Self-Imposed Limits on Judicial Power	69	(4)
Rules of Access	69	(2)
Political Questions	71	(2)
Judicial Review and Constitutional Amendments	73	(2)
Comparative Perspectives	75	(4)
Selected Bibliography	79	(1)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	79	(1)
Marbury v. Madison (1803)	80	(4)
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee (1816)	84	(3)
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1856)	87	(2)
Cooper v. Aaron (1958)	89	(2)
Ex Parte McCardle (1868)	91	(2)
Luther v. Borden (1849)	93	(3)
Baker v. Carr (1962)	96	(5)
Goldwater v. Carter (1979)	101	(2)
Nixon v. United States (1993)	103	(6)
Separation of Powers	109	(62)
The View of the Framers	109	(2)
Separation of Powers Today	111	(1)
Congressional Powers and Their Limits	112	(3)
Congressional Investigations	114	(1)
Executive-Legislative Relations	115	(5)
The Principle of Nondelegation	115	(1)
The Steel Seizure Case	116	(2)
Separation of Powers Reasserted	118	(1)
Appointment and Removal Power	119	(1)
Executive-Judicial Relations	120	(3)
Comparative Perspectives	123	(5)
Selected Bibliography	128	(1)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	129	(1)
Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States (1935)	129	(4)
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952)	133	(5)
Powell v. McCormack (1969)	138	(5)
Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha (1983)	143	(5)
Morrison v. Olson (1988)	148	(5)
United States v. Nixon (1974)	153	(3)
Clinton v. Jones (1997)	156	(8)
Clinton v. City of New York (1998)	164	(7)
Foreign Affairs and Constitutional Crises	171	(60)
The Constitutional Basis and Structure of Foreign Affairs Powers	173	(3)
Separated and Shared Powers	173	(1)
An Invitation to Struggle: Contests for Power Between Congress and the President	173	(1)
The Growth of the Imperial Presidency in Foreign Affairs	174	(1)
The War Powers Resolution	175	(1)
The Constitution in Crisis	176	(7)
Crises and the Constitution	177	(1)
How Do Governments Respond to Crises?	178	(1)
Inherent Powers and The Theory of Prerogative	178	(2)
The Constitutional Limitations Theory	180	(1)
Judicial Review and Foreign Affairs	181	(1)
Extraconstitutional Sources of Power	181	(1)
Justiciability and the Political Questions Doctrine	182	(1)
War and Civil Liberties	183	(6)
The Constitution and the War on Terrorism	186	(3)
Comparative Perspectives	189	(5)
Foreign Affairs and the German Basic Law	190	(3)
Accountability and the Political Questions Doctrine in Canada	193	(1)
Judicial Review and the Political Questions Doctrine in Canada	193	(1)
Selected Bibliography	194	(2)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	195	(1)
State of Missouri v. Holland (1920)	196	(3)
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952)	199	(2)
The Prize Cases (1862)	201	(2)
War Powers Resolution (1973)	203	(4)
Iraq Resolution (2002)	207	(1)
United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp. (1936)	208	(3)
Korematsu v. United States (1944)	211	(6)
Zadvydas v. Davis (2001)	217	(5)
Ex Parte Milligan (1866)	222	(5)
Ex Parte Quirin (1942)	227	(4)
Federalism and State Regulation	231	(68)
Enumerated, Implied, and Reserved Powers	233	(10)
Marshall's Nationalism	234	(1)
Dual Federalism and Judicial Dualism	235	(2)
The Revival of Implied Limits on Federal Power	237	(2)
State Sovereignty and the Eleventh Amendment	239	(4)
Local Power over Commerce	243	(6)
Preemption	246	(1)
Federal-State Comity	247	(1)
Interstate Comity	248	(1)
Comparative Perspectives	249	(4)
Selected Bibliography	253	(1)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	254	(1)
McCulloch v. State of Maryland (1819)	254	(7)
New York v. United States (1992)	261	(6)
Printz v. United States (1997)	267	(6)
U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton (1995)	273	(7)
Alden v. Maine (1999)	280	(4)
Federal Maritime Commission v. South Carolina State Ports Authority (2002)	284	(3)
Cooley v. Board of Wardens (1851)	287	(2)
Southern Pacific Company v. State of Arizona (1945)	289	(3)
City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey (1978)	292	(2)
Baldwin v. Fish and Game Commission of Montana (1978)	294	(5)
Congressional Powers	299	(66)
Regulating Interstate Commerce	300	(4)
Marshall's Textualism	300	(1)
Post-Gibbons Checks on National Power	301	(3)
Modern Commerce Clause Jurisprudence	304	(1)
New-Found Limits on Congressional Power	305	(6)
The Rise and Fall of a Constitutional Doctrine	306	(2)
A Return to State Autonomy	308	(3)
Taxing and Spending Power	311	(2)
Additional Congressional Powers	313	(1)
Comparative Perspectives	313	(3)
Selected Bibliography	316	(1)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	317	(1)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)	317	(5)
United States v. E.C. Knight Co. et al. (1895)	322	(3)
Champion v. Ames (1903)	325	(3)
Hammer v. Dagenhart (1918)	328	(3)
National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation (1937)	331	(3)
Wickard v. Filburn (1942)	334	(2)
Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States (1964)	336	(3)
National League of Cities v. Usery (1976)	339	(4)
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority (1985)	343	(5)
United States v. Lopez (1995)	348	(4)
United States v. Morrison (2000)	352	(6)
United States v. Butler (1936)	358	(4)
South Dakota v. Dole (1987)	362	(3)
Voting and Political Representation	365	(58)
The Constitutional Framework and Political Participation	366	(3)
The Apportionment Revolution	369	(4)
Political Parties and Elections	373	(2)
Money and Politics	375	(5)
Bush v. Gore	380	(3)
Comparative Perspectives	383	(7)
Selected Bibliography	390	(1)
Selected Comparative Bibliography	390	(1)
Reynolds v. Sims (1964)	391	(3)
Davis v. Bandemer (1986)	394	(3)
Shaw v. Reno (1993)	397	(5)
Hunt v. Cromartie (1999)	402	(2)
Democratic Party of the United States v. Wisconsin (1981)	404	(3)
Buckley v. Valeo (1976)	407	(7)
Federal Election Commission v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee (2001)	414	(3)
Bush v. Gore (2000)	417	(6)
Appendix A Declaration of Independence	423	(2)
Appendix B The United States Constitution	425	(10)
Appendix C First Inaugural Address, Abraham Lincoln	435	(4)
Appendix D The Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln	439	(2)
Appendix E Understanding Supreme Court Opinions	441	(4)
Appendix F Glossary of Terms	445	(6)
Appendix G Chronological Chart of the Justices	451	(4)
Appendix H Legal Research on the World Wide Web	455	(2)
Appendix I The Federalist No. 78	457	(4)
Table of Cases	461	(6)
Index	467	(6)
About the Authors	473