American Foreign Policy and Process

by McCormick, James M.

• ISBN13: 9780875814100
• ISBN10: 0875814107
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-01-01
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
PART I VALUES AND POLICIES IN AMERICAN FOREIGN AFFAIRS	I
America's Traditions in Foreign Policy	5	(32)
Values, Beliefs, and Foreign Policy	6	(3)
The United States: A New Democratic State	9	(3)
The Role of Isolationism in American Foreign Policy	12	(11)
The Role of Moral Principle in American Foreign Policy	23	(7)
Concluding Comments	30	(1)
Notes	31	(6)
America's Global Involvement and the Emergence of the Cold War	37	(34)
The Postwar World and American Involvement	38	(8)
America's Globalism: The Truman Doctrine and Beyond	46	(3)
Elements of Containment: Regional Security Pacts	49	(5)
Elements of Containment: Economic and Military Assistance	54	(2)
Elements of Containment: The Domestic Cold War	56	(4)
The Korean War: The First Major Test of Containment	60	(5)
Concluding Comments	65	(1)
Notes	66	(5)
The Cold War Consensus and Challenges to It	71	(38)
Key Components of the Cold War Consensus	72	(5)
The Public and the Cold War Consensus	77	(4)
Patterns of Interactions During the Cold War, 1946-1972	81	(4)
Challenges to the Cold War Consensus	85	(11)
The Vietnam Debacle	96	(8)
Concluding Comments	104	(1)
Notes	104	(5)
Nixon's Realism and Carter's Idealism in American Foreign Policy	109	(42)
Realism and Idealism as Foreign Policy Concepts	110	(1)
Realism and the Nixon Administration	111	(5)
The Nixon-Kissinger Worldview in Operation	116	(7)
Criticism of the Nixon-Kissinger Approach	123	(3)
Idealism and the Carter Administration	126	(4)
The Carter Worldview in Operation	130	(12)
Realism in the Last Year: A Response to Critics	142	(2)
Concluding Comments	144	(1)
Notes	145	(6)
A Renewal and End of the Cold War: The Reagan-Bush Years	151	(64)
Values and Beliefs of the Reagan Administration	153	(1)
The Policy Approach of the Reagan Administration	154	(4)
The Reagan Worldview in Operation	158	(5)
Challenges to the Reagan Approach	163	(1)
Policy Change: Accommodation with the Soviet Union	164	(5)
Policy Continuity: Reagan Doctrine and the Third World	169	(5)
Values and Beliefs of the Bush Administration	174	(3)
Policy Approach of the Bush Administration	177	(4)
Political Change and Eastern Europe	181	(4)
Political Change and the Soviet Union	185	(4)
After the Cold War: Policy Towards Central Europe	189	(4)
The Search for a New World Order?	193	(10)
Challenges and Response to the New World Order	203	(1)
Concluding Comments	204	(1)
Notes	205	(10)
The Clinton Administration: Foreign Policy After the Cold War	215	(56)
The Values and Beliefs of the Clinton Administration	216	(9)
Policy Actions of the Clinton Administration	225	(34)
Clinton Foreign Policy Toward the Twenty-first Century	259	(4)
Concluding Comments	263	(1)
Notes	264	(7)
PART 2 THE PROCESS OF POLICY MAKING	271	(300)
The President and the Making of Foreign Policy	275	(46)
Constitutional Powers in Foreign Policy	276	(4)
A Cyclical Interpretation of Foreign Policy Dominance	280	(1)
Executive Dominance After World War II: The Imperial Presidency	281	(32)
Concluding Comments	313	(1)
Notes	313	(8)
Congressional Prerogatives and the Making of Foreign Policy	321	(52)
Commitment Making	322	(5)
War Powers	327	(13)
Controlling the Purse Strings	340	(6)
Congressional Oversight	346	(10)
Mechanisms of Congressional Influence	356	(2)
Congressional Change and Future Foreign Policy Making	358	(5)
Concluding Comments	363	(1)
Notes	364	(9)
The Diplomatic and Economic Bureaucracies: Duplication or Specialization?	373	(50)
Bureaucratic Politics and Foreign Policy Making	374	(2)
The Department of State	376	(18)
The National Security Council	394	(7)
Why Two Departments of State?	401	(1)
Bureaucracies and Foreign Economic Policy Making	402	(12)
Concluding Comments	414	(1)
Notes	414	(9)
The Military and Intelligence Bureaucracies: Pervasive or Accountable?	423	(48)
The Department of Defense	424	(11)
The Intelligence Agencies	435	(8)
CIA ``Special Activities'' and Policy Influence	443	(7)
Iran-Contra Affair: A Case of Failed Accountability	450	(4)
The Intelligence Community: After the Cold War and the Ames Case	454	(2)
Policy Coordination Among Competing Bureaucracies	456	(6)
Concluding Comments	462	(1)
Notes	462	(9)
Political Parties, Bipartisanship, and Interest Groups	471	(50)
Political Parties and the Bipartisan Tradition	472	(3)
The Limits of Bipartisanship Through the Vietnam Era	475	(3)
Bipartisanship and Congressional Foreign Policy Voting	478	(4)
Partisan Divisions Today: From Reagan to Clinton	482	(3)
Partisan Politics and the Future	485	(2)
Interest Groups and the Foreign Policy Process	487	(9)
The Impact of Interest Groups	496	(17)
Concluding Comments	513	(1)
Notes	514	(7)
The Media, Public Opinion, and the Foreign Policy Process	521	(50)
The Pervasiveness of the Media	522	(2)
The Role of the Media in the Foreign Policy Process	524	(10)
The Media's Impact on the Public	534	(1)
Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: Alternate Views	535	(1)
Foreign Policy Opinion: Uninformed and Moodish	535	(10)
Foreign Policy Opinion: Structured and Stable	545	(12)
The Impact of Public Opinion on Foreign Policy	557	(6)
Concluding Comments	563	(1)
Notes	563	(8)
PART 3 CONCLUSION	571	(20)
American Foreign Policy Values and the Future	573	(18)
A Nation Divided	574	(3)
A New Foreign Policy Consensus?	577	(10)
Concluding Comments	587	(1)
Notes	587	(4)
A Selected Bibliography	591	(20)
Name Index	611	(6)
Subject Index	617