America's Lighthouses

by Holland, F. Ross

• ISBN13: 9780486255767
• ISBN10: 048625576X
• Edition: Revised
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1988-02-01
• Publisher: Dover Pubns

Summary

Profusely illustrated fact-filled survey of American lighthouses since 1716. Includes over 200 stations East, Gulf, and West coasts, Great Lakes, Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Mississippi and St. Lawrence Rivers. The author also traces the development of the lighthouse from the Pharos of Alexandria to today.

Table of Contents

PREFACE
I. The Foundation
    EARLY LIGHTS ABROAD (300 B.C.-A.D. 1811)
      Eddystone Light (1689)
      Inchcape (Bell Rock) Light (1811)
    COLONIAL LIGHTS
      Boston Light (1716)
      Brant Point Ligt (1746)
      Tybee Island Light (1748?)
      Beavertail Light (1749)
      New London Light (1760)
      Sandy Hook Light (1764)
      Cape Henlopen Light (1767)
      Charleston (Morris Island) Light (1767)
      Plymouth Light (1769)
      Portsmouth Light (1771)
      Cape Ann Light (1771)
II. The Light
      Early Fuels
      Early Lamps
      Winslow Lewis and the Parabolic Reflector
      Lewis and the Fifth Auditor
      The Fresnel Lens
      The Fifth Auditor Drags His Feet
      Congress Investigates
      The Adoption of the Fresnel Lens
      Improving the Light
III. A History of the Administration of Lighthouses
      A Fedral Responsibility
    THE ADVENT OF THE FIFTH AUDITOR
      Economy vs. Effectiveness
      Congress Orders the Inspection of 1838
      Congress Considers a Reorganization
      Lighthouse Administration under Pleasonton
    THE INVESTIGATION OF 1851
      The Creation of the Lighthouse Board (1852)
      The Bureau of Lighthouses (1910)
      The Coast Guard Takes Over (1939)
IV. The Keeper's Work
      Appointments and Competence
      A Career Service
      Discrimination
      Compensation
      Keeping the Light
      Training the Keeper
      Preformance of Duty
V. The Keeper's Life
      Educating the Children
      "Lighthouse "Farming"
      Fighting Monotony: The Lighthouse Library
      "Humane and Gallant Services"
VI. The Lightship
      Lightships under the Fifth Auditor
      Diamond Shoals Lightship (1824)
      Lightship Equipment and the Ability to Maintain Station
      Lightships under the Lighthouse Board
      Lightship Duty
      Lightship Design
      Lightship Propulsion and Equipment
      Lightships Against the Sea
      Improving the Lightship
VII. Lighthouses of the North Atlantic Coast: Maine through Delaware
      Boston Light (1716)
      Brant Point Light (1746)
      New London Light (1749)
      Sandy Hook Light (1760)
      Cape Henlopen Light (1767)
      Plymouth Light (1769)
      Portsmouth Light (1771)
      Cape Ann Light (1771)
      Nantucket (Great Point) Light (1784)
      Newburyport Harbor Light (1788)
      Portland Head Light (1791)
      Sequin Island Light (1797)
      Montauk Point Light (1797)
      "Bakers Island Light, Massachusetts (1798)"
      Cape Cod (Highland) Light (1798)
      Gay Head Light (1799)
      Eatons Neck Light (1799)
      New England Lights (1800-1810)
      Lights in Long Island Sound (1800-1810)
      Increase in Seacoast Lights (1811-1830)
      Fire Island Light (1826)
      Matinicus Rock Light (1827)
      Cape Elizabeth Light (1828)
      Navesink Light (1828)
      "Baker Island Light, Maine (1828)"
      Brandywine Shoal Light (1828)
      Harbor Lights (1830-1840)
      Mount Desert Rock Light (1830) and Saddleback Ledge Light (1839)
      Barnegat Light (1835)
      Sankaty Head Light (1850)
      Minots Ledge Light (1850)
      The Screw-Pile Lighthouse: Brandywine Shoal (1850)
      AbsEcon Light (1857)
      The Caisson Lighthouse: Ship John Shoal (1877) and the Fourteen Foot Bank (1886)
VIII. Lighthouses of the South Atlantic Coast: Maryland to the Florida Keys
      Charleston (Morris Island) Light (1767)
      Tybee Island Light (1748?)
      Cape Henry Light (1792)
      Cape Fear (Bald Head) Light (1795)
      Cape Hatteras Light (1803)
      Ocracoke Light (1803)
      Smith Point Light (1802)
      Old Point Comfort Light (1802); New Point Comfort Light (1805)
      St. Simons Light (ca. 1815)
      Cape Lookout Light (1812)
      Lights in Chesapeake Bay (1820-1825)
      Pamplico Point Shoal Light (1828)
      Sapelo Island Light (1820)
      St. Augustine Light (1821)
      Cape Romain Light (1827)
      Cape Charles Light (1828)
      More Lights in Chesapeake Bay (1830-1838)
      Roanoke Marshes Light (1831)
      Ponce de Leon (Mosquito) Inlet Light (1887)
      Assateague Island Light (1833)
      Bodie Island Light (1848)
      Cape Kennedy (Canaveral) Light (1848)
      Still More Lights in Chesapeake Bay (1853-1857)
      Hog Island Light (1854)
      Fenwick Island Light (1858)
      Hunting Island Light (1859)
      Jupiter Inlet Light (1875)
    THE SPREAD OT THE SCREWPILE LIGHTHOUSE
      Hoopers Strait Light (1867)
      Wolfs Trap Light (1870)
      Thimble Shoals Light (1870)
      Currituck Beach Light (1875)
IX. Lighthouses of the Gulf Coast: The Floriday Keys to the Mexican Border
    LIGHTS IN FLORIDA
      Carysfort Reef Light (1825)
      Key West Light (1825)
      Dry Tortugas Light (1825)
      Cape Florida Light (ca. 1825)
      Sand Key Light (1827)
      Pensacola Light (1825)
      St. Marks Light (1831)
      Cape St. George Light (1833)
      Cape San Blas Light (1847)
      St. Joseph Point Light (1839)
      Egmont Key
      Trinidad Head Light (1871)
      Point Cabrillo Light (1909)
      Lights in San Franscisco Bay (1874-1910)
      Pigeon Point Light (1872)
      Point Sur Light (1889)
      Piedras Blancas Light (1875)
      Point Arguello Light (1901)
      Point Vicente Light (1926)
      Harbor Lights (1869-1913)
XI. Lighthouses of the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain
    LIGHTS ON LAKE ERIE
      Presque Isle Light (1819)
      Sandusky Light (1821)
      Fairport Light (1825)
      Buffalo Light (1828?)
      Barcelona and Otter Creek Lights (1829)
      Cleveland Light (1829)
      Turtle Island Light (1832)
      Pierhead Lights of the 1830's
      Lights on the Detroit River (1838-1885)
      Maumee Bay Light (1855) and South Bass Island Light (1897)
    LIGHTS ON THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER (1827-1848)
    LIGHTS ON LAKE CHAMPLAIN
      Juniper Island Light (1826)
      Burlington Lights (1857)
      Cumberland Head Light (1838) and Plattsburg Breakwater Lights (1867)
      Split Rock Light (1838)
      Isle La Motte Light (1857)
      Crown Point Light (1859)
      Colchester Reef Light (1871)
    LIGHTS ON LAKE ONTARIO
      Galloo Island Light (1826)
      Oswego and Rochester Harbor Lights (1822)
      Fort Niagara Light (1823) and Sodus Bay Light (1825)
      Lights of the 1830's
      Lights of the 1870's
    LIGHTS ON LAKE HURON
      Fort Gratiot Light (1825)
      Bois Blanc Island Light (1829)
      Thunder Bay Island Light (1832) and Presque Isle Harbor Light (1840)
      Detour Light (1847) and Cheboygan Light (1852)
      Forty Mile Point Light (1897) and Harbor Beach Light (1858)
      Lights in Saginaw Bay (1848-1878)
      Spectacle Reef Light (1874)
    LIGHTS ON LAKE MICHIGAN
      St. Joseph and Chicago Harbor of Refuge Lights (1832)
      Chicago Harbor Light (1893)
      River Entrance Lights (1838-1849) and Pierhead Lights (1838-1851)
      Coastal and Pierhead Lights on the Eastern Shore (1839-1936)
      Coastal Lights on the Western Shore (1854-1928)
      Lights on Green Bay (1837-1935)
    LIGHTS ON LAKE SUPERIOR
      Whitefish Point and Copper Harbor Lights (1849)
      Manitou Island Light (1850)
      Lights of the 1850's
      Huron Island Light (1868) and Granite Island Light (1869)
      Duluth Harbor and Au Sable Lights (1874); Lights of the Apostle Islands
      Passage Island Light (1882)
      Stannard Rock Light (1882)
      Rock of Ages Light (1908)
      Split Rock Light (1910)
XII. "Lighthouses of Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands"
    LIGHTS OF ALASKA
      Lights on the Inside Passage (1902-1905)
      Scotch Cap Light (1903)
      Cape Sarichef Light (1904)
      Cape Hinchinbrook Light (1910)
      Cape St. Elias Light (1916)
      Cape Spencer Light (1925)
      Cape Decision Light (1932)
    LIGHTS OF HAWAII
      Molokai Light (1909)
      Makapuu Point Light (1909)
      Kilauea Point Light (1913)
    LIGHTS OF PUERTO RICO
      Mona Island Light (1900)
      Lights Taken over from Spain
      Arecibo Light (1898)
    LIGHTS OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS
XIII. "Fog Signals, Buoys, and River Lights"
    Fog Signals
    Buoys
    River lights
XIV. Epilogue
  Appendix: The Light List
  References
  Bibliography
  Index