Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Manual, Brief

by Amitrano, Robert; Tortora, Gerard

• ISBN13: 9780495112174
• ISBN10: 0495112178
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-05-12
• Publisher: Brooks Cole

Summary

Don't go to the lab without it! With coverage of every structure and function of the human body, the ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY MANUAL, BRIEF provides you with the tools you need to succeed in this course. Lists of terms, diagrams of lab equipment, lab report questions, and report templates found in the manual help you easily and successfully complete your lab experiments and write-up your lab reports.

Table of Contents

Laboratory Safety	xi
Commonly Used Laboratory Equipment	xv
Pronunciation Key	xvi
Exercise 1 Microscopy	1	(8)
Compound Light Microscope	1	(8)
Exercise 2 Introduction to the Human Body	9	(22)
Anatomy and Physiology	9	(1)
Levels of Body Organization	10	(1)
Systems of the Body	10	(2)
Life Processes	12	(1)
Homeostasis	13	(1)
Anatomical Position and Regional Names	14	(1)
External Features of the Body	14	(1)
Directional Terms	14	(4)
Planes of the Body	18	(1)
Body Cavities	18	(1)
Abdominopelvic Regions	19	(3)
Abdominopelvic Quadrants	22	(1)
Dissection of White Rat	22	(9)
Exercise 3 Cells	31	(20)
Cell Parts	31	(1)
Organelles	31	(2)
Diversity of Cells	33	(1)
Movement of Substances Across and Through Plasma Membranes	34	(6)
Extracellular Materials	40	(1)
Cell Division	41	(10)
Exercise 4 Tissues	51	(20)
Epithelial Tissue	51	(7)
Connective Tissue	58	(7)
Membranes	65	(6)
Exercise 5 Integumentary System	71	(12)
Skin	71	(1)
Hair	72	(3)
Glands	75	(2)
Nails	77	(1)
Homeostasis of Body Temperature	78	(5)
Exercise 6 Bone Tissue	83	(12)
Functions of Bone	83	(1)
Structure of a Long Bone	83	(2)
Histology of Bone	85	(2)
Chemistry of Bone	87	(1)
Bone Formation: Ossification	87	(1)
Bone Growth	87	(1)
Fractures	88	(1)
Types of Bones	88	(2)
Bone Surface Markings	90	(5)
Exercise 7 Bones	95	(32)
Bones of Adult Skull	95	(3)
Sutures of Skull	98	(1)
Fontanels of Skull	98	(1)
Paranasal Sinuses of Skull	98	(1)
Vertebral Column	98	(1)
Vertebrae	98	(11)
Sternum and Ribs	109	(2)
Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdles	111	(2)
Upper Limbs	113	(3)
Pelvic (Hip) Girdle	116	(1)
Lower Limbs	117	(6)
Articulated Skeleton	123	(4)
Exercise 8 Joints	127	(14)
Kinds of Joints	127	(1)
Fibrous Joints	127	(1)
Cartilaginous Joints	128	(1)
Synovial Joints	128	(6)
Knee Joint	134	(7)
Exercise 9 Muscular Tissue	141	(14)
Types of Muscular Tissue	141	(1)
Structure of Skeletal Muscle Tissue	142	(1)
Contraction of Skeletal Muscle Tissue	143	(2)
Laboratory Tests on Skeletal Muscle Contraction	145	(1)
Biochemistry of Skeletal Muscle Contraction	146	(1)
Electromyography	147	(1)
Cardiac Muscle Tissue	148	(1)
Smooth Muscle Tissue	149	(6)
Exercise 10 Muscular System	155	(60)
How Skeletal Muscles Produce Movement	155	(1)
Arrangement of Fascicles	156	(1)
Naming Skeletal Muscles	156	(1)
Connective Tissue Components	156	(1)
Principal Skeletal Muscles	157	(50)
Composite Muscular System	207	(8)
Exercise 11 Surface Anatomy	215	(24)
Head	215	(2)
Neck	217	(2)
Trunk	219	(3)
Upper Limb (Extremity)	222	(5)
Lower Limb (Extremity)	227	(12)
Exercise 12 Nervous Tissue	239	(10)
Nervous System Divisions	239	(1)
Histology of Nervous Tissue	240	(2)
Histology of Neuroglia	242	(1)
Neuronal Circuits	243	(2)
Reflex Arc	245	(1)
Demonstration of Reflex Arc	246	(3)
Exercise 13 Nervous System	249	(44)
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves	249	(15)
Brain	264	(10)
Cranial Nerves: Names and Components	274	(1)
Tests of Cranial Nerve Function	274	(5)
Dissection of Sheep Brain	279	(3)
Autonomic Nervous System	282	(11)
Exercise 14 Sensory Receptors and Sensory and Motor Pathways	293	(42)
Characteristics of Sensations	293	(1)
Classification of Receptors	294	(1)
Receptors for Somatic Senses	295	(2)
Tests for Somatic Senses	297	(3)
Somatic Sensory Pathways	300	(2)
Olfaction	302	(3)
Gustation	305	(2)
Vision	307	(9)
Hearing and Equilibrium	316	(8)
Sensory-Motor Integration	324	(1)
Somatic Motor Pathways	324	(11)
Exercise 15 Endocrine System	335	(14)
Endocrine Glands	335	(1)
Pituitary Gland (Hypophysis)	335	(3)
Thyroid Glands	338	(1)
Parathyroid Glands	339	(1)
Adrenal (Suprarenal) Glands	340	(1)
Pancreatic Islets	341	(1)
Testes	342	(1)
Ovaries	343	(2)
Pineal Gland	345	(1)
Thymus Gland	345	(1)
Other Endocrine Tissues	345	(4)
Exercise 16 Blood	349	(28)
Components and Origin of Blood	349	(2)
Plasma	351	(1)
Red Blood Cells	352	(1)
Red Blood Cell Tests	353	(10)
White Blood Cells	363	(1)
White Blood Cell Tests	364	(3)
Platelets	367	(1)
Drawings of Blood Cells	367	(1)
Blood Grouping (Typing)	367	(10)
Exercise 17 Heart	377	(16)
Location and Surface Projection of Heart	377	(1)
Pericardium	378	(1)
Heart Wall	379	(1)
Chambers and Great Vessels of Heart	379	(4)
Valves of Heart	383	(2)
Blood Supply of Heart	385	(1)
Dissection of Sheep Heart	385	(8)
Exercise 18 Blood Vessels	393	(54)
Arteries and Arterioles	393	(1)
Capillaries	393	(1)
Venules and Veins	393	(1)
Circulatory Routes	394	(45)
Blood Vessel Exercise	439	(8)
Exercise 19 Cardiovascular Physiology	447	(18)
Cardiac Conduction System and Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)	447	(5)
Cardiac Cycle	452	(2)
Cardiac Cycle Experiments	454	(1)
Heart Sounds	454	(1)
Pulse Rate	455	(1)
Blood Pressure (Auscultation Method)	456	(9)
Exercise 20 Lymphatic and Immune System	465	(10)
Lymphatic Vessels	465	(2)
Lymphatic Tissues	467	(3)
Lymph Circulation	470	(5)
Exercise 21 Respiratory System	475	(30)
Organs of the Respiratory System	476	(9)
Dissection of Sheep Pluck	485	(2)
Laboratory Tests on Respiration	487	(9)
Laboratory Tests Combining Respiratory and Cardiovascular Interactions	496	(9)
Exercise 22 Digestive System	505	(28)
General Organization of Digestive System	505	(2)
Organs of Digestive System	507	(13)
Deglutition	520	(1)
Chemistry of Digestion	521	(12)
Exercise 23 Urinary System	533	(26)
Organs of Urinary System	534	(8)
Dissection of Sheep (or Pig) Kidney	542	(1)
Urine	542	(3)
Urinalysis	545	(14)
Exercise 24 pH and Acid-Base Balance	559	(12)
The Concept of pH	559	(1)
Measuring pH	559	(2)
Acid-Base Balance	561	(3)
Acid-Base Imbalances	564	(7)
Exercise 25 Reproductive Systems	571	(24)
Organs of Male Reproductive System	571	(6)
Organs of Female Reproductive System	577	(12)
Dissection of Fetus-Containing Pig Uterus	589	(6)
Exercise 26 Development	595	(16)
Spermatogenesis	595	(3)
Oogenesis	598	(1)
Embyronic Period	598	(8)
Fetal Period	606	(5)
Exercise 27 Genetics	611	(16)
Genotype and Phenotype	611	(2)
Punnett Squares	613	(1)
Sex Inheritance	613	(1)
Sex-Linked Inheritance	614	(2)
Mendelian Laws	616	(1)
Multiple Alleles	617	(1)
Genetics Exercises	617	(10)
Appendix A Some Important Units of Measurement	627	(1)
Appendix B Periodic Table of the Elements	628	(1)
Appendix C Eponyms Used in This Laboratory Manual	629	(2)
Credits	631	(2)
Index	633