Annual Plant Reviews, Fruit Development and Seed Dispersal

by Ostergaard, Lars

• ISBN13: 9781405189460
• ISBN10: 1405189460
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-12-21
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

Fruit development and seed dispersal are major topics within plant and crop sciences research with important developments in research being reported regularly. Drawing together reviews by some of the world's leading experts in these areas, the Editor of this volume, Lars Ostergaard has provided a volume which is an essential purchase for all those working in plant and crop sciences worldwide.

Author Biography

Lars stergaard is a plant scientist based at the world famous John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK.

Table of Contents

Contributors	p. ix
Preface	p. xii
Carpel Evolution	p. 1
The importance of having carpels	p. 1
Hypotheses of carpel origin	p. 3
A phylogenetic framework for studies of carpel evolution	p. 7
A morphological portrait of the ancestral carpel	p. 10
The genetic control of carpel development in the first flowering plants	p. 12
A major role for the E-function in the origin of the carpel?	p. 16
Carpel specification in monocots	p. 18
Gene duplication and carpel evolution in the core eudicots	p. 20
The A-function finds a role in fruit development	p. 22
The multiple origins and mechanisms of syncarpy in the angiosperms	p. 23
A fruit by any other name: evolutionary convergence between angiosperms and gymnosperms	p. 26
References	p. 27
Gynoecium Patterning in Arabidopsis: A Basic Plan Behind a Complex Structure	p. 35
Introduction	p. 35
The basic plan in lateral organs	p. 36
The Arabidopsis gynoecium	p. 41
Genetic and hormonal factors controlling gynoecium development	p. 43
Conclusion	p. 57
Acknowledgements	p. 57
References	p. 57
The Ins and Outs of Ovule Development	p. 70
Introduction	p. 70
Origin of the ovule	p. 71
Ovule development in Arabidopsis	p. 72
Sporophytic tissues	p. 73
Gametophytic tissue	p. 81
Interaction between the female gametophyte and the maternal sporophyte	p. 91
Ovule identity determination	p. 93
References	p. 97
Fertilisation and Fruit Initiation	p. 107
Introduction	p. 107
Pollination	p. 110
Female receptivity and the cessation of gynoecial growth	p. 113
Additional restraints on flower development and fruit initiation	p. 115
Fertilisation	p. 117
Hormonal cues during fruit initiation	p. 123
RNA silencing during fruit initiation	p. 141
Signal transduction from ovule to carpel and vascular canalisation	p. 145
Current models of fruit initiation	p. 147
Concluding remarks	p. 150
Acknowledgements	p. 151
References	p. 151
Arabidopsis Fruit Development	p. 172
Introduction	p. 172
Morphology of the Arabidopsis silique	p. 174
Determining the boundary between valve and replum: valve margin genes	p. 177
The making of valves and replum requires repression of valve margin genes	p. 179
Suppressors of the rpl phenotype: setting up territories	p. 182
A model for patterning the mediolateral axis of the Arabidopsis silique	p. 185
Auxin: a signaling molecule for the mediolateral axis?	p. 192
A biotechnological view	p. 195
Acknowledgements	p. 196
References	p. 196
Long-Distance Seed Dispersal	p. 204
Introduction	p. 205
Six generalizations on LDD mechanisms	p. 214
A vector-based perspective on the evolution and predictability of long-distance seed dispersal	p. 223
Future directions	p. 230
Acknowledgements	p. 231
References	p. 231
Seed Dispersal and Crop Domestication: Shattering, Germination and Seasonality in Evolution Under Cultivation	p. 238
Introduction	p. 239
Loss of natural seed dispersal in wheat and barley: archaeobotanical evidence	p. 240
Non-shattering in other cereals: rice, pearl millet and maize	p. 246
The genetics of non-shattering cereals	p. 249
Reduction in seed dispersal aids	p. 252
Non-cereal alternative: appendage hypermorphy in fibre crops	p. 254
Loss of natural seed dispersal in pulses and other crops	p. 255
Germination traits in domestication: the importance of loss of dormancy	p. 257
The genetic basis for dormancy and germination	p. 260
Germination and seedling competition: changes in seed size	p. 261
The genetics of seed size	p. 271
Seasonality controls: photoperiodicity and vernalization	p. 273
Discussion: evolution and development of domesticated seed traits	p. 278
References	p. 280
Factors Influencing the Ripening and Quality of Fleshy Fruits	p. 296
Introduction	p. 296
Control of fruit ripening	p. 297
Transcription factors serve as master regulators of fruit ripening	p. 298
Hormonal control of fruit ripening	p. 302
The influence of light on fruit quality	p. 306
The discovery of aroma and flavour genes in fruit	p. 307
Cell wall changes influence fruit quality	p. 309
The cuticle influences fruit quality and postharvest longevity	p. 310
Genomics Resources	p. 311
Conclusions and future perspectives	p. 314
Acknowledgements	p. 314
References	p. 314
Parthenocarpy in Crop Plants	p. 326
Introduction	p. 326
Parthenocarpy	p. 328
Auxin-synthesis parthenocarpy	p. 329
Parthenocarpy via auxin signal transduction	p. 330
Parthenocarpy via gibberellin signal transduction	p. 334
Aucsia-silencing parthenocarpy	p. 334
Auxin sensitivity and parthenocarpy	p. 335
Apetalous parthenocarpy and the role of other floral organs	p. 336
Stenospermocarpy	p. 336
Parthenocarpy in perennial crop plants	p. 337
Parthenocarpy and fruit crop breeding	p. 337
From green plants to fruit crop plants	p. 340
References	p. 341
Index	p. 346
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