AP Human Geography

Summary

Are You Serious About Scoring a 5? Then Get REA'sAP Human Geography Test Prep with TestWare CD The #1 Choice for Serious Students! ** REA'sAP Human Geography test prep gives you everything you need to score a 5 on the exam!** Written by a recipient of the National Social Studies Teacher of the Year award, this second edition of our popular AP test prep is completely up-to-date and aligned with the official AP Human Geography exam. Our targeted review chapters focus exclusively on one area of Human Geography and cover every topic tested on the actual exam. * Each review chapter opens with Key Questions about a subject and includes a Terms Review quiz, plus multiple-choice review questions with detailed explanations of answers - so you can study smarter and earn a 5! Hundreds of charts, maps, diagrams, photos, and drawings throughout the book illustrate key topics and ideas.** The test prep features two full-length practice exams with detailed explanations of all answers, a breakdown of the exam's content, and test-taking strategies. The practice tests are composed of every type of question that can be expected on the actual AP exam, so you can "practice for real" and target your strengths and weaknesses before the test.** The book's practice tests are included on CD in a timed format with automatic, instant scoring. Our interactive TestWare CD offers detailed on-screen answers, diagnostic feedback, plus an extended time function for students with disabilities.** If you're serious about getting a 5 on your exam, then you need REA'sAP Human Geography test prep!** REA has helped more than a million students succeed on their AP exams! Teachers across the country consider our AP titles to be invaluable resources and consistently recommend our books to their students.

Author Biography

About Our Author

Christian Sawyer has implemented and taught AP Human Geography and other Advanced Placement and standard-level social studies courses at Hillsboro High School in Nashville, Tennessee, and Assumption High School in Louisville, Kentucky. Additionally, he has been an adjunct instructor at Vanderbilt University, a guest instructor in Taiwan, an instructor of geopolitics at the Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth, and an Atlantik-Brücke Fellow studying German-American relations with the Tennessee Department of Education.

Mr. Sawyer’s work in advocating for broader geographic studies led to his being named the 2006 National Outstanding Secondary Social Studies Teacher of the Year by the National Council for the Social Studies, the 2006 Tennessee Outstanding Social Studies Teacher of the Year by the Tennessee Council for the Social Studies, a White House Fellows Regional Finalist, and a “Local Hero” by Vanderbilt University’s Peabody School of Education. In addition to his teaching, Mr. Sawyer has written and edited curriculum for the Modern Red Schoolhouse Institute and other publishers.

In his spare time, Mr. Sawyer serves on statewide committees, is a community volunteer, and enjoys working in community theater. A native of Louisville, Kentucky, Mr. Sawyer graduated with highest distinction, Phi Beta Kappa, from the Honors Program at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Awarded a fellowship at Vanderbilt’s Peabody School of Education, Mr. Sawyer earned a master’s degree in education and was inducted into the nation’s oldest education honor society, Kappa Delta Pi.

About Our Author	p. vii
A Note from the Author	p. viii
About Research & Education Association	p. x
Acknowledgments	p. x
AP Human Geography Study Schedule	p. xi
Excelling on the AP Human Geography Exam	p. 1
About This Book and TestWare“	p. 3
About the Exam:	p. 3
AP Human Geography Exam Format and Content	p. 3
How to Use This Book and TestWare“	p. 4
About Our Review Section	p. 5
Scoring the Official Exams	p. 5
Tips for Success on the AP Human Geography Exam	p. 6
Tips for Success on the Free-Response Section of the Exam	p. 7
The Day of the Exam	p. 11
Contacting the AP Program	p. 11
Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives	p. 15
Geographical Concepts, the Geographical Perspective, and Key Skills	p. 17
New Geographical Technologies and Geographical Data	p. 34
Chapter Review	p. 36
Some Suggested Web Resources for Further Exploration	p. 40
Pre-Exam Practice	p. 41
Pre-Exam Practice Answers	p. 49
Population	p. 55
Geographical Analysis of Population	p. 56
Population Growth and Decline Over Time and Space	p. 66
Population Movement	p. 78
Chapter Review	p. 89
Some Suggested Web Resources for Further Exploration	p. 96
Pre-Exam Practice	p. 98
Pre-Exam Practice Answers	p. 106
Cultural Patterns and Processes	p. 113
Concepts of Culture	p. 114
Cultural Identities and Landscapes	p. 123
Chapter Review	p. 148
Some Suggested Web Resources for Further Exploration	p. 155
Pre-Exam Practice	p. 156
Pre-Exam Practice Answers	p. 165
Political Organization of Space	p. 171
Territorial Dimensions of Politics	p. 172
Evolution of the Contemporary Political Pattern	p. 183
Challenges to Inherited Political-Territorial Arrangements	p. 187
Chapter Review	p. 201
Some Suggested Web Resources for Further Exploration	p. 207
Pre-Exam Practice	p. 208
Pre-Exam Practice Answers	p. 218
Agricultural and Rural Land Use	p. 225
Development and Diffusion of Agriculture	p. 226
Major Agricultural Production Regions	p. 229
Rural Land Use and Settlement Patterns	p. 236
Modern Commercial Agriculture	p. 241
Chapter Review	p. 252
Some Suggested Web Resources for Further Exploration	p. 255
Pre-Exam Practice	p. 256
Pre-Exam Practice Answers	p. 265
Industrialization and Economic Development	p. 273
Key Concepts and the Growth and Diffusion of Industrialization	p. 274
Contemporary Patterns and Impacts of Industrialization and Development	p. 281
Chapter Review	p. 298
Some Suggested Web Resources for Further Exploration	p. 304
Pre-Exam Practice	p. 305
Pre-Exam Practice Answers	p. 313
Cities and Urban Land Use	p. 321
Defining Urbanism	p. 323
Origin and Evolution of Cities	p. 326
Functional Character of Contemporary Cities	p. 338
Built Environment and Social Space	p. 341
Chapter Review	p. 352
Some Suggested Web Resources for Further Exploration	p. 357
Pre-Exam Practice	p. 359
Pre-Exam Practice Answers	p. 368
Bibliography	p. 375
Practice Exam 1	p. 381
Answer Key	p. 406
Detailed Explanations of Answers	p. 408
Practice Exam 2	p. 433
Answer Key	p. 460
Detailed Explanations of Answers	p. 462
Index	p. 485
Answer Sheets	p. 497
Installing REA's TestWare“	p. 500
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Supplemental Materials

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Excerpts

A Note from the Author

Dear AP Human Geography Student,

Have you ever wondered how many McDonald’s restaurants there are in the world? Why have the Israelis and Palestinians been in conflict for so long? What is Hinduism, and where did it start? Is English the most widely spoken language on the earth? How has the spread of Wal-Mart stores changed rural landscapes?

You have? Then you are in the right place, in perhaps one of the most powerful and useful courses you will ever take. Because human geography will help you answer these types of questions and give you a new understanding of your world.

Studying human geography will push you to develop a new set of tools to use in analyzing the patterns and processes that define the earth’s geographic realities—its people and places. It is a course about the map and the fascinating patterns of people behind the map.

In your human geography studies, you will probably investigate interesting questions and issues related to this advanced cultural analysis. Why has India faced a population expansion crisis, while some European countries have declining birth rates? How did current economic patterns develop? For example, why is eastern Europe less well developed than western Europe? And how has colonialism continued to have an impact on newly independent states? How does the South American city structure and layout compare with the North American pattern? How does gentrification of urban areas affect the low-income residents of those areas?

In searching for solutions to these fascinating questions, you should take pride in your studies but also realize that you have a duty to learn about the world and its people with the aim of sharing that information with others. You will probably come to see the world as beautifully diverse, but often quite cruelly unequal. Take what you learn and try to improve the world in your own way. Join the efforts of an organization that you think is bettering the world—Invisible Children, Doctors Without Borders, Save Darfur, or any other program you feel is trying to improve the human condition.

You will likely feel empowered after having completed this introductory course in human geography. But remember, this is only the beginning of your geographic journey. Many students have commented that once they completed their AP Human Geography course, they were unable to look at the world in quite the same way as before. This course will change your paradigm of thought. You will develop “geographic eyes,” opening your mind to finding reasons for patterns that you see in the
landscapes all around.

With your new set of skills and knowledge, travel to new places, search for innovative solutions, build new bridges. After all, learning about the world is ultimately learning more about yourself. I remember a student in one of my AP human geography classes telling me, after touring a glorious Hindu temple in our region, “Mr. Sawyer, before your class, I had no idea this temple or Hindus even existed in Nashville.” I smiled and thought of the words of T.S. Eliot:, “At the end of all exploring will be to arrive where we started and know the place for the first time.”

Best of luck to you in your studies,

Christian L. Sawyer

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Excelling on the AP Human Geography Exam

About This Book
This book provides an accurate and complete representation of the Advanced
Placement Examination in Human Geography. REA’s practice exams are based
on the format of the most recently administered AP Human Geography exam and
each includes every type of question that you can expect to encounter on the real
test. Following each of our practice tests is an answer key, complete with detailed
explanations designed to clarify the material for you. By using the subject reviews,
completing both practice tests, and studying the explanations that follow, you will
pinpoint your strengths and weaknesses and, above all, put yourself in the best possible
position to do well on the actual test.

About the Exam
The Advanced Placement Human Geography examination is offered each May
at participating schools and multi-school centers throughout the world.
The Advanced Placement Program is designed to allow high school students
to pursue college-level studies while attending high school. The participating colleges,
in turn, grant credit and/or advanced placement to students who do well on
the examinations.

AP Human Geography Exam Format and Content
The AP Human Geography exam is approximately two hours and fifteen minutes
long. Each section of the exam is completed separately and each counts for
half of the student’s score.

The exam is divided into two sections:
Section I:

The multiple-choice section of the exam is 60 minutes long and contains 75 questions. Each question in the multiple-choice section has five possible answer choices. Each correct answer is worth one point, and 1/4 point is deducted for each incorrect answer.

Section II:

This is the free-response section of the exam. Students are asked to answer three constructed-response questions in the allotted 75 minutes. Questions may be based on stimulus material such as maps, graphs, photographs, diagrams and verbal descriptions. Students are expected to use their analytical and organizational skills in writing their responses. While a formal essay is not required, a simple listing of facts will not receive a high score. All three questions are required to be answered and are weighted equally.

For more information about what to include on the essays, how to manage the time allotted, and how they are scored, please visit the AP Human Geography outline provided by the College Board atwww.collegeboard.com.

You may find the AP Human Geography exam considerably more difficult than many classroom exams. In order to measure the full range of your ability in Human Geography, the AP exams are designed to produce average scores of approximately 50% of the maximum possible score for the multiple-choice and essay sections. Therefore, you should not expect to attain a perfect or even near-perfect score.