Apa Handbook of Human Systems Integration

by Boehm-davis, Deborah A.; Durso, Francis T.; Lee, John D.

• ISBN13: 9781433818288
• ISBN10: 1433818280
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2015-04-13
• Publisher: American Psychological Association

Summary

The APA Handbook of Human Systems Integration is a practical tool for both students and professionals who need specific knowledge about human considerations in systems design. It is intended to sensitize readers to basic design issues, enhance their understanding of the influence of these issues, and guide them in appropriately combining human performance with a system's numerous interacting components.
 
A central tenet of this book is that it is not sufficient to examine items independently — one must go beyond a focus on individual workers, tools, tasks, or environments. Thus, the handbook is a "how to" resource that reflects the state-of-the-art on work in this enterprise.
 
The book's opening chapters define what is meant by human systems integration, provide a historical overview of the field, and describe a set of case studies to which many chapter authors apply their expertise.
 
Succeeding chapters reflect on the physical, physiological, perceptual, cognitive, and organizational considerations that affect human systems performance and discuss how the knowledge base of the field has been applied in various domains.
 
The remaining chapters describe the trade-offs associated with integrating individual considerations and systems performance, discussing how a decision that optimizes performance in one area (e.g., display design) may entail a reduction of performance in another area (e.g., staffing or personnel selection).

Author Biography

Deborah A. Boehm-Davis, PhD, is a professor of psychology and dean of the College of Humanities and Social Sciences at George Mason University. She received her master's and doctoral degrees in cognitive psychology (1977 and 1980, respectively) from the University of California, Berkeley, and her bachelor's degree in 1975 from Douglass College of Rutgers University.
 
Prior to joining George Mason University in 1984, she performed applied cognitive research at General Electric, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, and Bell Laboratories. More recently, she served as a senior policy advisor for human factors at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Center for Devices and Radiological Health.
 
Dr. Boehm-Davis also has served as president (1993–1994) and secretary-treasurer (1990–1991) of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) and as president of APA Division 21 (Applied Experimental and Engineering Psychology; 2004–2005).
 
In addition to coauthoring An Introduction to Humans in Engineered Systems (2012), she has been an associate editor for Human Factors (2006–2013) and the International Journal of Human–Computer Studies (1986–2012) and has served on the editorial boards of several other journals.
 
She is a fellow of the HFES, APA, and the International Ergonomics Association.
 
Dr. Boehm-Davis received the Franklin V. Taylor Award for Career Contributions from APA in 2003 and the Award for Scientific Achievement in the Behavioral and Social Sciences from the Washington Academy of Sciences in 1994.
 
Additionally, she has testified before the U.S. Congress and served on numerous panels for the National Research Council, the National Research Foundation, the Transportation Research Board, and NASA. She was a member and chair of the Federal Aviation Administration's Research, Engineering, and Development Advisory Committee as well as a member of its Human Factors Subcommittee.
 
She was also a member of the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board and the Transportation Security Administration's Scientific Advisory Board. She currently serves on the board of the annual "Fall for the Book" festival and is a member of the George Mason University Foundation's Board of Trustees.
 
Francis T. Durso, PhD, is professor of psychology in the Engineering Psychology Program at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta. He received his doctoral degree in cognitive psychology from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1980 and his bachelor's degree in psychology from Carnegie Mellon University in 1975.
 
A member of the National Research Council's Board of Human Systems Integration, Dr. Durso has been president of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES; 2014), president of the Southwestern Psychological Association (1990), and president of APA Division 21 (Applied Experimental and Engineering Psychology; 2007–2008). He was a founding director of the University of Oklahoma's Human–Technology Interaction Center and a cofounder of the Oklahoma Psychological Society. Additionally, he has served as advisor and panelist for the Transportation Research Board, the National Science Foundation, APA, and the Government Accountability Office.
 
A current member of the editorial boards for several journals, including Human Factors, Dr. Durso also was an associate editor of the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied (2007–2012) and a senior editor of the Handbook of Applied Cognition (1999; 2nd ed., 2007). He is founding editor of the forthcoming monograph series from HFES on human factors methodology, and he also coauthored Stories of Modern Technology Failures and Cognitive Engineering Successes (2007).
 
He is a fellow of the HFES, APA, the Association for Psychological Science, and the Psychonomic Society. In 2011, he received the Franklin V. Taylor Award for Outstanding Achievements in Applied Experimental and Engineering Psychology from APA.
 
In most of his applied work, Dr. Durso explores cognition in dynamic environments, particularly transportation (with an emphasis on air traffic control) and health care. He is a codeveloper of the Pathfinder scaling algorithm and the Situation Present Assessment Method (SPAM) for evaluating situation awareness. His current research focuses on cognitive factors underlying strategy selection and discovery, especially as related to providers and consumers of health care.
 
John D. Lee, PhD, is Emerson Electric Professor in the Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and director of the Cognitive Systems Laboratory. Previously, he was a professor at the University of Iowa and the director of Human Factors Research at the National Advanced Driving Simulator.
 
He received his master's and doctoral degrees in mechanical engineering (1989 and 1992, respectively) from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and bachelor's degrees in mechanical engineering and psychology from Lehigh University (1988 and 1987, respectively).
 
Dr. Lee's research focuses on the safety and acceptance of complex human–machine systems by considering how technology mediates attention. Specific areas of research expertise include simulator-based investigation and model-based analysis of driver assistance systems and driver distraction. This research has been sponsored by a variety of governmental agencies, including the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the Federal Highway Administration, as well as by automotive companies such as General Motors, Honda, and Nissan.
 
Dr. Lee is coauthor of An Introduction to Human Factors Engineering (2nd ed., 2003) and the author or coauthor of more than 170 articles. He recently helped edit The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering (2013); the Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering, Medicine, and Psychology (2011); and two books on distraction — Driver Distraction: Theory, Effects, and Mitigation (2009) and Driver Distraction and Inattention (2013). He has served on several National Academy of Sciences committees, including the Committee on Human Systems Integration.
 

Table of Contents

Editorial Board

About the Editors-in-Chief

Contributors

Reviewers

Series Preface

Introduction

I. Definition and HistorySection 1: Definitions of Human Systems Integration

1. A View of Human Systems Integration From the Academy
   Francis T. Durso, Deborah A. Boehm-Davis, and John D. Lee
2. Systems Engineering Perspective on Human Systems Integration
   Dennis J. Folds
3. Human Systems Integration in the Military
   Michael Drillings, Beverly Knapp, and Nita Lewis Shattuck
4. Case Studies
   Deborah A. Boehm-Davis and Nancy J. Cooke

Section 2: Perspectives on Human Systems Integration

1. Human Systems Integration Requirements Analysis
   Mica R. Endsley
2. Specifying System Requirements Using Cognitive Work Analysis
   Neville A. Stanton and Rich C. McIlroy
3. Applications of Systems Engineering for Testing and Evaluation: A Human Systems Integration Perspective
   Tareq Ahram, Waldemar Karwowski, and Christianne Falcão

II. Considerations Affecting Human Systems PerformanceSection 1: Physical and Physiological Considerations

1. Anthropometry in Human Systems Integration
   Bruce Bradtmiller
2. Digital Modeling of Physical Constraints
   D. Reuben Haupt and Matthew B. Parkinson
3. Strength, Endurance, and Movement
   Tyson Grier, Bradley C. Nindl, and Bruce H. Jones
4. Neuroergonomic Perspectives on Human Systems Integration: Mental Workload, Vigilance, Adaptive Automation, and Training
   Raja Parasuraman
5. Integration of Sleep Need and Fatigue Mitigation Into Human Systems Operation
   Takashi Abe, Namni Goel, Mathias Basner, Daniel Mollicone, Hengyi Rao, and David F. Dinges
6. Environmental Conditions and Physical Stressors
   Elizabeth S. Redden and Gabriella Brick Larkin
7. Slips and Falls
   Thurmon Lockhart

Section 2: Perceptual and Cognitive Considerations

1. Basics of Sensation and Perception With an Eye Toward Application
   Patricia R. DeLucia and Samuel J. Levulis
2. Auditory Perception
   Carryl L. Baldwin
3. Attention and Multitasking
   Roger W. Remington and Shayne Loft
4. Workload
   Chris Wickens and Pamela S. Tsang
5. Situation Awareness in Human Systems Integration
   Kim-Phuong L. Vu and Dan Chiappe
6. Decision Making and Human Systems Integration
   Ann M. Bisantz and Emilie M. Roth
7. Augmented Cognition
   Kay Stanney, Brent Winslow, Kelly Hale, and Dylan Schmorrow
8. Human Performance Modeling
   Michael D. Byrne

Section 3: System-Level Constraints

1. Political and Social Considerations in Human Systems Integration
   Raymond S. Nickerson
2. The Economics of Human Systems Integration
   William B. Rouse

III. Applying Considerations Affecting Performance to DesignSection 1: Displays and Controls

1. Visuospatial Displays: Design Problems and Principles
   C. Melody Carswell and Will Seidelman
2. Enhancing Creative Problem Solving Through Visual Display Design
   Kevin B. Bennett, John M. Flach, Timothy R. McEwen, and Olivia Fox
3. Multisensory Information Processing
   Charles Spence and Cristy Ho
4. Automation
   Thomas B. Sheridan

Section 2: Personnel

1. The Manpower Determination Process
   Daniel F. Wallace, James J. McTigue, and Laurie J. Van Buskirk
2. Personnel Selection: A Primer
   Daniel B. Shore, Zitong Sheng, Jose M. Cortina, and Maya Yankelevich Garza
3. The Training Process: Using the Science Each Step of the Way
   Rebecca Grossman, James Oglesby, and Eduardo Salas
4. Motivation
   Jeffrey B. Vancouver
5. The Implications of Aging for Human Systems Integration
   Daniel G. Morrow and Sara J. Czaja

Section 3: Teams and Organizations

1. Teams, Teamwork, and Team Effectiveness: Implications for Human Systems Integration
   Steve W. J. Kozlowski, James A. Grand, Samantha K. Baard, and Marina Pearce
2. Organizational Design: Macroergonomics as a Foundation for Human Systems Integration
   Pascale Carayon, Sarah Kianfar, Yaqiong Li, and Abigail Wooldridge
3. Organizational Culture
   Mark Fleming and Frank Guldenmund

Index