Materials are the foundation of technology. As such, most universities provide engineering undergraduates with the fundamental concepts of materials science, including crystal structures, imperfections, phase diagrams, materials processing, and materials properties. Few, however, offer the practical, applications-oriented background that their students need to succeed in industry.Applied Materials Science: Applications of Engineering Materials in Structural, Electronics, Thermal, and Other Industries fills that gap. From a cross-disciplinary perspective that reflects both the multifunctionality of many materials and the wide scope industrial needs, the author examines the practical applications of metal, ceramic, polymer, cement, carbon, and composite materials across a broad range of industries. The topics addressed include electronic packaging, smart materials, thermal management, nondestructive evaluation, and materials development. The text is clear, coherent, and tutorial in style, includes numerous up-to-date references, and provides background material in a series of appendices.Unique in its breadth of coverage of both materials and their applications, Applied Materials Science is both scientifically rich and technologically relevant. If you work or teach those that aspire to work in an engineering capacity, you will find no text or reference that better prepares its readers for real-world applications of engineering materials.

Deborah D. L. Chung is Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation Endowed Chair Professor, Director of the Composite Materials Research Laboratory, and Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the State University of New York (SUNY) in Buffalo.

Introduction to Materials Applications

1

(14)

Classes of Materials

1

(3)

Structural Applications

4

(2)

Electronic Applications

6

(2)

Thermal Applications

8

(1)

Electrochemical Applications

9

(2)

Environmental Applications

11

(1)

Biomedical Applications

12

(3)

Bibliography

13

(2)

Materials for Thermal Conduction

15

(14)

Introduction

15

(1)

Materials of High Thermal Conductivity

16

(6)

Metals, Diamond, and Ceramics

16

(1)

Metal-Matrix Composites

17

(1)

Aluminum-Matrix Composites

17

(2)

Copper-Matrix Composites

19

(1)

Beryllium-Matrix Composites

20

(1)

Carbon-Matrix Composites

20

(1)

Carbon and Graphite

21

(1)

Ceramic-Matrix Composites

21

(1)

Thermal Interface Materials

22

(2)

Conclusion

24

(5)

References

25

(4)

Polymer-Matrix Composites for Microelectronics

29

(14)

Introduction

29

(1)

Applications in Microelectronics

30

(3)

Polymer-Matrix Composites

33

(6)

Polymer-Matrix Composites with Continuous Fillers

34

(1)

Polymer-Matrix Composites with Discontinuous Fillers

35

(4)

Summary

39

(4)

References

39

(4)

Materials for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

43

(10)

Introduction

43

(1)

Mechanisms of Shielding

44

(1)

Composite Materials for Shielding

45

(2)

Emerging Materials for Shielding

47

(1)

Conclusion

48

(5)

References

48

(5)

Cement-Based Electronics

53

(22)

Introduction

53

(1)

Background on Cement-Matrix Composites

54

(2)

Cement-Based Electrical Circuit Elements

56

(2)

Conductor

56

(1)

Diode

56

(2)

Cement-Based Sensors

58

(10)

Strain Sensor

58

(5)

Damage Sensor

63

(4)

Thermistor

67

(1)

Cement-Based Thermoelectric Device

68

(4)

Conclusion

72

(3)

References

72

(3)

Self-Sensing of Carbon Fiber Polymer-Matrix Structural Composites

75

(24)

Introduction

75

(1)

Background

76

(3)

Sensing Strain

79

(1)

Sensing Damage

80

(3)

Sensing Temperature

83

(5)

Sensing Bond Degradation

88

(2)

Sensing Structural Transitions

90

(5)

DSC Analysis

91

(1)

DC Electrical Resistance Analysis

92

(3)

Sensing Composite Fabrication Process

95

(1)

Conclusion

96

(3)

References

97

(2)

Structural Health Monitoring by Electrical Resistance Measurement

99

(10)

Introduction

99

(1)

Carbon Fiber Polymer-Matrix Structural Composites

100

(1)

Cement-Matrix Composites

101

(1)

Joints

101

(5)

Joints Involving Composite and Concrete by Adhesion

101

(1)

Joints Involving Composites by Adhesion

102

(2)

Joints Involving Steels by Fastening

104

(1)

Joints Involving Concrete by Pressure Application

105

(1)

Joints Involving Composites by Fastening

106

(1)

Conclusion

106

(3)

References

107

(2)

Modification of the Surface of Carbon Fibers for Use as a Reinforcement in Composite Materials

109

(22)

Introduction to Surface Modification

109

(1)

Introduction to Carbon Fiber Composites

110

(3)

Surface Modification of Carbon Fibers for Polymer-Matrix Composites

113

(8)

Surface Modification of Carbon Fibers for Metal-Matrix Composites

121

(10)

References

125

(6)

Corrosion Control of Steel-Reinforced Concrete

131

(8)

Introduction

131

(1)

Steel Surface Treatment

132

(1)

Admixtures in Concrete

132

(2)

Surface Coating on Concrete

134

(1)

Cathodic Protection

134

(1)

Steel Replacement

135

(1)

Conclusion

135

(4)

Acknowledgment

135

(1)

References

135

(4)

Applications of Submicron-Diameter Carbon Filaments

139

(16)

Introduction

140

(1)

Structural Applications

141

(2)

Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Electromagnetic Reflection, and Surface Electrical Conduction

143

(1)

DC Electrical Conduction

144

(1)

Field Emission

144

(1)

Electrochemical Application

145

(1)

Thermal Conduction

146

(1)

Strain Sensors

146

(1)

Porous Carbons

147

(1)

Catalyst Support

148

(1)

Conclusion

149

(6)

Acknowledgment

149

(1)

References

149

(6)

Improving Cement-Based Materials by Using Silica Fume

155

(18)

Introduction

156

(1)

Workability

156

(1)

Mechanical Properties

157

(1)

Vibration Damping Capacity

158

(2)

Sound Absorption

160

(1)

Freeze-Thaw Durability

160

(1)

Abrasion Resistance

160

(1)

Shrinkage

160

(1)

Air Void Content and Density

161

(1)

Permeability

161

(1)

Steel Rebar Corrosion Resistance

162

(1)

Alkali-Silica Reactivity Reduction

162

(1)

Chemical Attack Resistance

162

(1)

Bond Strength to Steel Rebar

162

(1)

Creep Rate

163

(1)

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

163

(1)

Specific Heat

163

(1)

Thermal Conductivity

163

(1)

Fiber Dispersion

164

(1)

Conclusion

164

(9)

References

165

(8)

Appendix A Electrical Behavior of Various Types of Materials

173

(6)

Appendix B Temperature Dependence of Electrical Resistivity

179

(4)

Appendix C Electrical Measurement

183

(6)

Appendix D Dielectric Behavior

189

(10)

Appendix E Electromagnetic Measurement

199

(2)

Appendix F Thermoelectric Behavior

201

(2)

Appendix G Nondestructive Evaluation

203

(8)

Appendix H Electrochemical Behavior

211

(10)

Appendix I The pn Junction

221

(4)

Appendix J Carbon Fibers

225

(10)

Index

235

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